Objective To investigate the relationship of triglyceride-glucose(TyG)index and atherogenic index of plasma(AIP)with positive remodeling of coronary arteries in elderly coro-nary heart disease(CHD)patients with concomitant type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).Methods A total of 120 elderly CHD patients with concomitant T2DM admitted to our department from January 2022 to June 2023 were continuously recruited,and according to the remodeling index,they were divided into positive remodeling group(47 cases)and non-positive remodeling group(73 cases).The clinical data were compared between the two groups.Multivariate logistic analysis was used to identify the risk factors for positive remodeling of coronary artery.Spearman correla-tion analysis was employed to analyze the correlation of TyG and AIP with positive remodeling.ROC curve was plotted to analyze the predictive value of TyG and AIP for the remodeling.Results The positive remodeling group had larger ratio of smoking,higher TG and HbA1c levels,and in-creased TyG index and AIP,but lower HDL-C and blood calcium levels than the non-positive re-modeling group(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).Univariate logistic regression analysis showed that smoking,TG,HDL-C,HbA1c,blood calcium,TyG and AIP were risk factors for positive coronary artery remodeling in elderly patients with CHD and T2DM(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).Multivariate logistic re-gression analysis showed that TyG index(OR=7.253,95％CI:2.458-13.364,P=0.035)and AIP(OR=6.017,95％CI:2.205-12.025,P=0.030)were independent risk factors for positive coronary artery remodeling in elderly patients with CHD and T2DM(P＜0.05).The AUC value of TyG index and AIP in predicting positive coronary artery remodeling in elderly CHD patients with T2DM was 0.783 and 0.766,respectively,and the value of their combination in the prediction was 0.868,which was significantly better than the indicator alone(P＜0.05).Conclusion TyG in-dex and AIP are closely associated with positive coronary artery remodeling in elderly CHD pa-tients with T2DM,and can be used as effective indicators in the prediction of positive remodeling,which is of great significance for early clinical identification of high-risk patients and formulation of individual intervention strategies.

Objective To compare the efficacy,acceptability and safety of a low-volume magnisium sodicum potassium sulfate oral sulfate solution(OSS)with polyethylene glycol(PEG)electrolytes powder in bowel preparation for colonoscopy.Methods A prospective,single-blinded and single-center cohort study was conducted.The ambulatory and hospitalized 1 037 patients who underwent colonoscopy from April 2023 to January 2024 were enrolled.Participants were divided into OSS group(639 cases)and PEG group(398 cases),according to the bowel cleansing drugs taken orally.After propensity score matching(PSM),each group included 385 cases.The success rate of bowel preparation,scores of Boston bowel preparation scale(BBPS),medication taste,patients'satisfaction and the occurrence of adverse events were compared.Results The success rate of bowel preparation in the OSS group was 96.4％(371/385),higher than the 91.7％(353/385)in the PEG group,and the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05).The total and segmented BBPS scores of the OSS group were higher than those of the PEG group,the differences were statistically significant(P＜0.05).The medication taste and patients satisfaction of the OSS group were significantly better than those of the PEG group,the differences were statistically significant(P＜0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups(P=0.800).Conclusion Compared to PEG,OSS has a better intestinal cleaning effect,medication taste,and patients satisfaction.In addition,OSS has security that is not inferior to PEG.

AIM:To investigate the role of S100 calcium-binding protein A8(S100A8)in a canine model of atrial fibrillation(AF)induced by obstructive sleep apnea(OSA).METHODS:Ten adult Beagle dogs were randomly as-signed to OSA(n=5)and control(n=5)groups.The OSA model was established by daily tracheal intubation with alternat-ing airway obstruction and ventilation recovery for 4 h per day,sustained over 12 weeks.Model validation was conducted through arterial blood gas analysis,airway pressure monitoring,and esophageal pressure measurements.Open-chest elec-trophysiological studies were performed to assess atrial effective refractory period(ERP),dispersion of ERP(dERP),and AF inducibility.Tandem mass tag-based quantitative proteomics was used to identify differentially expressed proteins in atrial tissue.Key protein expression and localization were verified using immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence.RESULTS:Compared with the control group,the OSA group exhibited significantly lower arterial blood pH and partial pressure of oxygen,and higher partial pressure of carbon dioxide in arterial blood,confirming successful model establish-ment.Histopathological analysis revealed disorganized cardiomyocyte architecture,fatty degeneration,inflammatory cell infiltration,and a significant increase in myocardial fibrosis in the OSA group(P<0.05).Electrophysiological data showed increased AF inducibility and dERP,and decreased ERP(P<0.05).Proteomic analysis identified 267 differen-tially expressed proteins,including 128 up-regulated and 139 down-regulated proteins.Immunohistochemical analysis showed significant upregulation of S100A8,S100A9,myeloperoxidase,and nuclear factor-κB p65(P<0.05),while im-munofluorescence demonstrated increased expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9 and transforming growth factor-β1 in the OSA group(P<0.01).CONCLUSION:The OSA promotes upregulation of S100A8 in myocardial tissue,enhances atrial electrical remodeling and fibrosis,and increases susceptibility to AF.These findings suggest that S100A8 may play a key role in the pathogenesis and progression of OSA-related AF.

Objective To compare the efficacy,acceptability and safety of a low-volume magnisium sodicum potassium sulfate oral sulfate solution(OSS)with polyethylene glycol(PEG)electrolytes powder in bowel preparation for colonoscopy.Methods A prospective,single-blinded and single-center cohort study was conducted.The ambulatory and hospitalized 1 037 patients who underwent colonoscopy from April 2023 to January 2024 were enrolled.Participants were divided into OSS group(639 cases)and PEG group(398 cases),according to the bowel cleansing drugs taken orally.After propensity score matching(PSM),each group included 385 cases.The success rate of bowel preparation,scores of Boston bowel preparation scale(BBPS),medication taste,patients'satisfaction and the occurrence of adverse events were compared.Results The success rate of bowel preparation in the OSS group was 96.4％(371/385),higher than the 91.7％(353/385)in the PEG group,and the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05).The total and segmented BBPS scores of the OSS group were higher than those of the PEG group,the differences were statistically significant(P＜0.05).The medication taste and patients satisfaction of the OSS group were significantly better than those of the PEG group,the differences were statistically significant(P＜0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups(P=0.800).Conclusion Compared to PEG,OSS has a better intestinal cleaning effect,medication taste,and patients satisfaction.In addition,OSS has security that is not inferior to PEG.

AIM:To investigate the role of S100 calcium-binding protein A8(S100A8)in a canine model of atrial fibrillation(AF)induced by obstructive sleep apnea(OSA).METHODS:Ten adult Beagle dogs were randomly as-signed to OSA(n=5)and control(n=5)groups.The OSA model was established by daily tracheal intubation with alternat-ing airway obstruction and ventilation recovery for 4 h per day,sustained over 12 weeks.Model validation was conducted through arterial blood gas analysis,airway pressure monitoring,and esophageal pressure measurements.Open-chest elec-trophysiological studies were performed to assess atrial effective refractory period(ERP),dispersion of ERP(dERP),and AF inducibility.Tandem mass tag-based quantitative proteomics was used to identify differentially expressed proteins in atrial tissue.Key protein expression and localization were verified using immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence.RESULTS:Compared with the control group,the OSA group exhibited significantly lower arterial blood pH and partial pressure of oxygen,and higher partial pressure of carbon dioxide in arterial blood,confirming successful model establish-ment.Histopathological analysis revealed disorganized cardiomyocyte architecture,fatty degeneration,inflammatory cell infiltration,and a significant increase in myocardial fibrosis in the OSA group(P<0.05).Electrophysiological data showed increased AF inducibility and dERP,and decreased ERP(P<0.05).Proteomic analysis identified 267 differen-tially expressed proteins,including 128 up-regulated and 139 down-regulated proteins.Immunohistochemical analysis showed significant upregulation of S100A8,S100A9,myeloperoxidase,and nuclear factor-κB p65(P<0.05),while im-munofluorescence demonstrated increased expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9 and transforming growth factor-β1 in the OSA group(P<0.01).CONCLUSION:The OSA promotes upregulation of S100A8 in myocardial tissue,enhances atrial electrical remodeling and fibrosis,and increases susceptibility to AF.These findings suggest that S100A8 may play a key role in the pathogenesis and progression of OSA-related AF.

Objective To investigate the relationship of triglyceride-glucose(TyG)index and atherogenic index of plasma(AIP)with positive remodeling of coronary arteries in elderly coro-nary heart disease(CHD)patients with concomitant type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).Methods A total of 120 elderly CHD patients with concomitant T2DM admitted to our department from January 2022 to June 2023 were continuously recruited,and according to the remodeling index,they were divided into positive remodeling group(47 cases)and non-positive remodeling group(73 cases).The clinical data were compared between the two groups.Multivariate logistic analysis was used to identify the risk factors for positive remodeling of coronary artery.Spearman correla-tion analysis was employed to analyze the correlation of TyG and AIP with positive remodeling.ROC curve was plotted to analyze the predictive value of TyG and AIP for the remodeling.Results The positive remodeling group had larger ratio of smoking,higher TG and HbA1c levels,and in-creased TyG index and AIP,but lower HDL-C and blood calcium levels than the non-positive re-modeling group(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).Univariate logistic regression analysis showed that smoking,TG,HDL-C,HbA1c,blood calcium,TyG and AIP were risk factors for positive coronary artery remodeling in elderly patients with CHD and T2DM(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).Multivariate logistic re-gression analysis showed that TyG index(OR=7.253,95％CI:2.458-13.364,P=0.035)and AIP(OR=6.017,95％CI:2.205-12.025,P=0.030)were independent risk factors for positive coronary artery remodeling in elderly patients with CHD and T2DM(P＜0.05).The AUC value of TyG index and AIP in predicting positive coronary artery remodeling in elderly CHD patients with T2DM was 0.783 and 0.766,respectively,and the value of their combination in the prediction was 0.868,which was significantly better than the indicator alone(P＜0.05).Conclusion TyG in-dex and AIP are closely associated with positive coronary artery remodeling in elderly CHD pa-tients with T2DM,and can be used as effective indicators in the prediction of positive remodeling,which is of great significance for early clinical identification of high-risk patients and formulation of individual intervention strategies.

Objective:To investigate the role of miR-144-3p in cisplatin resistance of bladder cancer.Methods:Bladder cancer T24 cells were cultured in vitro and divided into blank group (untreated), mimetic control group, miR-144-3p mimetic transfection group, inhibitor control group, and miR-144-3p inhibitor transfection group. Real time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to verify the transfection effect, methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) method was used to detect the survival rate of cells treated with cisplatin in each group, and Western blot was used to detect the expression of the target protein. The targeting relationship between miR-144-3p and nuclear factor E2 related factor 2 (Nrf2) was validated using dual fluorescence reporter gene experiments. Furthermore, Nrf2 was knocked out in each group of cells, and the mRNA and protein expression levels of HO-1, Bcl-2, and Caspase-3 were detected by qRT-PCR and Western blot in each group of cells.Results:Compared with the control group, bladder cancer cells in the miR-144-3p mimetic transfection group were more sensitive to cisplatin, while the miR-144-3p inhibitor transfection group had the opposite effect; The miR-144-3p simulant transfection group can effectively inhibit the mRNA and protein expression level of Nrf2 in bladder cancer cells (all P<0.05), while the miR-144-3p inhibitor transfection group can up regulate the mRNA and protein level of Nrf2 (all P<0.05). The miR-144-3p mimetic transfection group showed significant downregulation of mRNA and protein expression of HO-1 and Bcl-2, while the expression of Caspase-3 was upregulated (all P<0.05), while the miR-144-3p inhibitor transfection group showed the opposite results. The luciferase results confirmed that miR 144 3p can directly bind to the 3′- UTR region of Nrf2, reducing the mRNA level of Nrf2. When Nrf2 was knocked out, whether miR-144-3p mimetic transfection group or miR-144-3p inhibitor transfection group, the mRNA and protein expression levels of HO-1, Bcl-2 and Caspase-3 did not change significantly, and miR-144-3p lost the ability to regulate the cisplatin sensitivity of bladder cancer cells. Conclusions:miR-144-3p targets to regulate the sensitivity of Nrf2 to cisplatin in bladder cancer, and miR-144-3p is expected to become a new target for the treatment of cisplatin resistant or refractory bladder cancer.

Objective:To explore the effect of insulin resistance (IR) on clinical outcomes after first embryo transfer during in vitro fertilization (IVF) treatment in polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) patients. Methods:In this retrospective study, a total of 1 105 PCOS patients and 2 136 non-PCOS (control) patients with first embryo transfer from January 2018 to December 2020 in Reproductive Medical Center, Henan Provincial People's Hospital were recruited. All the patients were divided into four groups according to whether they had IR or not: PCOS with IR group (group A1); PCOS without IR (group A2); control with IR (group B1); control without IR (group B2). Baseline data and clinical outcomes were compared among the four groups.Results:1) There were significant differences in number of oocytes punctured (16.8±8.1, 17.8±7.9, 12.6±6.2, 13.4±6.2; P<0.001), number of oocytes retrieved (14.2±7.9, 15.3±7.7, 11.5±6.0, 12.3±6.3; P<0.001), the rate of oocytes retrieved [84.6% (8 518/10 070), 86.1% (7 738/8 986), 91.8% (8 346/9 096), 91.9% (17 367/18 898); P<0.001], the number of mature oocytes (12.1±7.0, 13.0±7.0, 9.7±5.3, 10.4±5.5; P<0.001), the number of two pronuclei (2PN) cleavage embryos (8.2±5.3, 9.0±5.4, 6.7±4.1, 7.4±4.3; P<0.001), the number of available embryos (7.1±4.8, 7.6±4.9, 5.7±3.7, 6.4±3.9; P<0.001), the rate of available embryos [82.3% (4 207/5 110), 82.2% (3 851/4 684), 82.3% (4 124/5 008), 83.9% (8 972/10 690); P=0.008], the number of high-quality embryos (3.7±3.4, 4.0±3.5, 3.2±2.7, 3.5±2.9; P<0.001), and the rate of high-quality embryos [42.8% (2 185/5 110), 43.5% (2 037/4 684), 45.7% (2 290/5 008), 46.9% (5 009/10 690); P<0.001], among group A1, group A2, group B1 and group B2 while the M Ⅱ rate, 2PN cleavage rate and available blastocyst formation rate were similar among the four groups (all P>0.05). 2) The rate of early miscarriage rate was significantly different among the four groups [16.3% (63/387), 9.7% (34/351), 12.1% (56/464), 8.7% (82/939); P=0.001], while the clinical pregnancy rate, the implantation rate and the ectopic rate were comparable (all P>0.05). Further subgroup analysis showed that the early miscarriage rate of group A1 [16.3% (63/387)] was significantly higher than that of group A2 [9.7% (34/351), P=0.008] and group B2 [8.7% (82/939), P<0.001]. 3) Multivariate logistic regression analysis suggested that IR was the independent factor of early miscarriage ( OR=1.464, 95% CI: 1.361-2.065, P=0.019). Conclusion:IR may play an important role in the early miscarriage results in PCOS patients during IVF treatment.

Objective:To explore the effect of insulin resistance (IR) on clinical outcomes after first embryo transfer during in vitro fertilization (IVF) treatment in polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) patients. Methods:In this retrospective study, a total of 1 105 PCOS patients and 2 136 non-PCOS (control) patients with first embryo transfer from January 2018 to December 2020 in Reproductive Medical Center, Henan Provincial People's Hospital were recruited. All the patients were divided into four groups according to whether they had IR or not: PCOS with IR group (group A1); PCOS without IR (group A2); control with IR (group B1); control without IR (group B2). Baseline data and clinical outcomes were compared among the four groups.Results:1) There were significant differences in number of oocytes punctured (16.8±8.1, 17.8±7.9, 12.6±6.2, 13.4±6.2; P<0.001), number of oocytes retrieved (14.2±7.9, 15.3±7.7, 11.5±6.0, 12.3±6.3; P<0.001), the rate of oocytes retrieved [84.6% (8 518/10 070), 86.1% (7 738/8 986), 91.8% (8 346/9 096), 91.9% (17 367/18 898); P<0.001], the number of mature oocytes (12.1±7.0, 13.0±7.0, 9.7±5.3, 10.4±5.5; P<0.001), the number of two pronuclei (2PN) cleavage embryos (8.2±5.3, 9.0±5.4, 6.7±4.1, 7.4±4.3; P<0.001), the number of available embryos (7.1±4.8, 7.6±4.9, 5.7±3.7, 6.4±3.9; P<0.001), the rate of available embryos [82.3% (4 207/5 110), 82.2% (3 851/4 684), 82.3% (4 124/5 008), 83.9% (8 972/10 690); P=0.008], the number of high-quality embryos (3.7±3.4, 4.0±3.5, 3.2±2.7, 3.5±2.9; P<0.001), and the rate of high-quality embryos [42.8% (2 185/5 110), 43.5% (2 037/4 684), 45.7% (2 290/5 008), 46.9% (5 009/10 690); P<0.001], among group A1, group A2, group B1 and group B2 while the M Ⅱ rate, 2PN cleavage rate and available blastocyst formation rate were similar among the four groups (all P>0.05). 2) The rate of early miscarriage rate was significantly different among the four groups [16.3% (63/387), 9.7% (34/351), 12.1% (56/464), 8.7% (82/939); P=0.001], while the clinical pregnancy rate, the implantation rate and the ectopic rate were comparable (all P>0.05). Further subgroup analysis showed that the early miscarriage rate of group A1 [16.3% (63/387)] was significantly higher than that of group A2 [9.7% (34/351), P=0.008] and group B2 [8.7% (82/939), P<0.001]. 3) Multivariate logistic regression analysis suggested that IR was the independent factor of early miscarriage ( OR=1.464, 95% CI: 1.361-2.065, P=0.019). Conclusion:IR may play an important role in the early miscarriage results in PCOS patients during IVF treatment.

Objective:The purpose of this study was to investigate the expression and role of N-myc downstream regulatory gene 2 (NDRG2) in radiation resistance of bladder cancer cells.Methods:T24 cells were cultured in vitro and irradiated with different doses of X-ray (0, 2, 4, 8, 10 and 20 Gy). The best dose of X-ray was selected for subsequent treatment. The radioresistant BCa cell line T24/R was established. The cytotoxicity of T24/R cells was detected by counting kit-8 (CCK-8) method. The proliferation and invasion ability of T24/R cells and T24 cells were detected by flow cytometry and transwell, respectively. Western blot was used to detect the expression of epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) related proteins. The survival rate of T24/R group (control group) and T24/R-NDRG 2 group was detected, and the migration ability of T24/R-NDRG 2 cells was detected after 2 Gy treatment. Results:The cell viability was inhibited significantly when the dose of X-ray was ≥2 Gy X-ray, so 2 Gy X-ray irradiation was chosen as the best condition for BCa cytotoxicity and T24/R radiation resistance cell line was successfully established; Apoptosis test showed that the number of S-phase cells was increased in T24/R group, and the proportion of S-phase cells in T24/R vs T24 was (26.49±4.5)% vs (14±2.6)% ( P<0.05); Transwell test showed that T24/R cells showed stronger migration ability than control group ( P<0.05), but there was no significant difference in EMT related protein expression between the two groups ( P>0.05). Overexpression of NDRG2 can significantly decreased the activity and migration ability of radiation-resistant T24/R cells ( P<0.05) when the radiation dose was gradually increasing in both groups. Conclusions:The radiation resistance of BCa cells is one of the causes of local tumor recurrence. Up-regulation of NDRG2 expression can inhibit the radiation resistance of T24 cells, so it can be used as a candidate for treatment of radiation-resistant BCa patients.