Objective:To explore the risk factors for complications of facial autologous fat transplantation.Methods:A total of 51 female patients (case group) with moderate to severe complications following facial autologous fat transplantation at the Fourth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital from November 2016 to October 2022 were included in this retrospective study. The median age was 31.0 (27.0, 40.0) years. After age and surgical date were matched with ratio of 1∶1, a total of 51 female patients who received autologous fat transplants at several official medical facilities and experienced no complications within a year after the procedure made up the control group. The median age of the control group was 32.0 (26.0, 41.0) years. The clinical characteristics of the two groups were compared, and the factors for complications of facial autologous fat transplantation were examined using a multivariate logistic regression model.Results:In the case group, complications included facial artery embolism (7 cases), ophthalmic artery embolism (19 cases), infection (19 cases), and fat necrosis (6 cases), with 26 severe and 25 moderate cases. No significant differences were found between the two groups in age, body mass index (BMI), marital status, history of hypertension, infectious diseases, allergies, smoking, or alcohol consumption (all P>0.05). However, significant differences were observed in a history of facial surgery, perimenstrual phase, surgical site, and fat donor site (all P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that a history of facial surgery ( OR=17.289, 95% CI: 4.851-61.616, P<0.001) and the surgical site being a clinic/outpatient department (compared to a hospital, OR=7.708, 95% CI: 2.482-23.939, P<0.001) were risk factors for postoperative complications after facial autologous fat transplantation. Conclusion:A history of facial surgery and the surgical site being a clinic/outpatient department (compared to a hospital) are risk factors for complications of facial autologous fat transplantation.

Objective To explore the casual relationship between immune cells and chronic pancreatitis(CP)using Mendelian randomization(MR)analysis.Methods The immune cell phenotypes and CP GWAS data used in this study were obtained from public databases,and 731 immune cell phenotypes were included.The bidirectional MR analysis was used to explore the causal relationship between immune cells and CP,and various sensitivity analysis methods were used to verify the heterogeneity and level multiplicity of the results.Results This study identified 33 immune cell phenotypes with a causal relationship with CP,of which 18 were inhibitory factors,and the rest were risk factors.Among the 18 inhibitory factors,CD25 on CD4+in the Treg cell group showed the most significant inhibitory effect.Among the 15 risk factors,CD8br AC in the TBNK cell group,CD8br on TD CD8br in the mature T cell group,and CD39+CD8br％ T cell and CD28 on CD4+in the Treg cell group showed statistical significance.The reverse MR results further confirmed the unidirectionality of the causal relationship.Conclusion Our study revealed the close relationship between immune cells and CP through MR method,highlighting the complex interaction pattern between the immune system and CP.

Objective:To investigate the clinical effect of microplasma radiofrequency combined with oral traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) Babao Dan capsule to improve damp-heat TCM constitution in the treatment of hypertrophic scar.Methods:A prospective randomized controlled trial method was used to recruit patients diagnosed with damp-heat TCM constitution and suffering from hypertrophic scar who admitted to the Fourth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital from March to July 2024. All patients were randomly divided into microplasma radiofrequency combined with TCM treatment group (combination group), microplasma radiofrequency (RF) treatment group (RF group), and oral TCM treatment group (TCM group). Both the combination group and the RF group were treated with a microplasma radiofrequency instrument. Transverse, longitudinal and oblique scar grinding were performed three times with 90 W power, and regular scabs appeared in the treatment area as the treatment end point. After RF treatment in the combination group and the TCM group, Babao Dan capsule was taken with regular warm water, 0.6 g each time, 3 times/day, for 3 months. The Vancouver scar scale (VSS) score (higher score indicating more severe scar), visual analogue scale (VAS) of scar pain and itch (higher score indicating more severe symptom), and TCM constitution score (higher score indicating more severe moist heat constitution) were compared before treatment and 3 months after the first treatment. SPSS 26.0 software was used for statistical analysis. Measurement data conforming to normal distribution were expressed as Mean±SD, ANOVA was used for comparison among groups, and LSD- t method was used for pair comparison between groups. Paired sample t test was used before and after treatment in the same group. Counting data were expressed as cases (%), and the χ2 test was used for inter-group comparison. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results:A total of 60 patients were included, 20 in each group. There were no significant differences in gender distribution, disease course, scar area and distribution among the three groups ( P>0.05), indicating comparability. Before treatment, there were no statistically significant differences in VSS, VAS and TCM physique scores among the 3 groups ( P>0.05). After treatment, VAS scores in the 3 groups, VSS scores in combination group and RF group, TCM physique scores in combination group and TCM group were improved compared with those before treatment, and the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05). The VSS score of the combination group was significantly lower than that of the RF group and the TCM group ( P<0.05), but there was no statistical significance between the RF group and the TCM group ( P>0.05). The pruritus VAS score of the combination group was significantly lower than that of TCM group and RF group ( P<0.05), but there was no statistical significance between RF group and TCM group ( P>0.05). There was no significant difference in pain VAS scores among the three groups after treatment ( P>0.05). The TCM physique scores of the combination group and TCM group were significantly lower than those of the RF group ( P<0.01), but there was no statistical significance between the combination group and TCM group ( P>0.05). Conclusion:Microplasma radiofrequency combined with oral Babao Dan capsule can effectively improve the VSS score, pain and pruritus of hypertrophic scars in patients with damp-heat constitution, and the effect is better than that of radiofrequency or TCM alone.

The Pharmacopeia of the People's Republic of China 2025 Edition(referred to as the Chinese Pharmaco-poeia 2025 Edition,ChP 2025)will be promulgated and implemented.This article introduces the process of devel-opment of ChP 2025 Edition(Volume Ⅱ),including the selection,the revision of general notices,the addition and revision of drug monographs,etc.,and provides some analysis and examples to illustrate,which can facilitate the readers to understand and implement the ChP 2025 Edition(Volume Ⅱ).

The Pharmacopeia of the People’s Republic of China 2025 Edition (referred to as the Chinese Pharmacopoeia 2025 Edition, ChP 2025) will be promulgated and implemented. This article introduces the process of development of ChP 2025 Edition (Volume Ⅱ), including the selection, the revision of general notices,the addition and revision of drug monographs, etc., and provides some analysis and examples to illustrate,which can facilitate the readers to understand and implement the ChP 2025 Edition (Volume Ⅱ).

ObjectiveTo investigate the incidence and relevant factors of visual acuity abnormalities in preschool children undergoing kindergarten entrance physical examinations in Shannan City, Xizang, in 2022, so as to formulate policies for protecting children’s visual acuity and provide a basis for optimizing the children’s health service system in this region. MethodsA cross sectional study was conducted among the children undergoing kindergarten entrance physical examinations in Shannan City in 2022. A diopter examination was performed for these children, and a questionnaire survey was administered to their caregivers. Additionally, factors affecting children’s visual acuity abnormalities were analyzed using the χ² test and binary logistic regression analysis. ResultsA total of 759 children were included in the analysis, with an incidence rate for visual acuity abnormalities of 11.20%. Univariate analysis showed that statistically significant differences were observed in the incidence rate for visual acuity abnormalities among preschool children in terms of different family monthly income (χ²=17.395, P<0.001), father’s education level (χ²=5.133, P=0.023), postnatal vitamin A and D supplementation (χ²=9.575, P=0.008), and feeding method within the first 6 months after birth (χ²=9.330, P=0.009). Multivariate analysis results indicated that family monthly income <5 000 yuan (OR=2.599, P=0.003), insufficient postnatal vitamin A and D supplementation (OR=1.912, P=0.011), and formula feeding (OR=2.131, P=0.010) were relevant factors for abnormal visual development in children. ConclusionThe incidence of visual acuity abnormalities in preschool children in Shannan City is slightly higher than that previously reported in other regions of Xizang. The occurrence of visual acuity abnormalities in children is related to factors such as family monthly income, postnatal vitamin A and D supplementation, and feeding method within the first 6 months after birth. Future interventions should be strengthened on the promotion and dissemination of knowledge related to eye use, such as improve parental awareness of eye care, promote timely vitamin A and D supplementation and encourage breast feeding for children after birth, more specifically, attentions need to be focused on the visual acuity problems of children from low-income families to safeguard the visual health in preschool children in Shannan City, Xizang.

Objective:To explore the risk factors for complications of facial autologous fat transplantation.Methods:A total of 51 female patients (case group) with moderate to severe complications following facial autologous fat transplantation at the Fourth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital from November 2016 to October 2022 were included in this retrospective study. The median age was 31.0 (27.0, 40.0) years. After age and surgical date were matched with ratio of 1∶1, a total of 51 female patients who received autologous fat transplants at several official medical facilities and experienced no complications within a year after the procedure made up the control group. The median age of the control group was 32.0 (26.0, 41.0) years. The clinical characteristics of the two groups were compared, and the factors for complications of facial autologous fat transplantation were examined using a multivariate logistic regression model.Results:In the case group, complications included facial artery embolism (7 cases), ophthalmic artery embolism (19 cases), infection (19 cases), and fat necrosis (6 cases), with 26 severe and 25 moderate cases. No significant differences were found between the two groups in age, body mass index (BMI), marital status, history of hypertension, infectious diseases, allergies, smoking, or alcohol consumption (all P>0.05). However, significant differences were observed in a history of facial surgery, perimenstrual phase, surgical site, and fat donor site (all P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that a history of facial surgery ( OR=17.289, 95% CI: 4.851-61.616, P<0.001) and the surgical site being a clinic/outpatient department (compared to a hospital, OR=7.708, 95% CI: 2.482-23.939, P<0.001) were risk factors for postoperative complications after facial autologous fat transplantation. Conclusion:A history of facial surgery and the surgical site being a clinic/outpatient department (compared to a hospital) are risk factors for complications of facial autologous fat transplantation.

Objective:To evaluate the causal relationship between autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and chronic pancreatitis (CP) using a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis.Methods:Based on genome-wide association study (GWAS) data, forward and reverse two-sample MR analyses were conducted to examine the causal relationship between ASD and CP. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) reaching genome-wide significance were selected from the GWAS data as candidate instrumental variables, and the Steiger directionality test was used to confirm the causal direction. The inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method was applied as the primary analysis to estimate the causal effect of the exposure on the outcome. MR-Egger regression and weighted median methods were used as supplementary sensitivity analyses to assess the robustness of the results. Pleiotropy and heterogeneity tests were performed to evaluate the reliability of the findings.Results:The forward MR analysis ultimately identified 29 SNPs. The IVW analysis indicated that ASD had a significant positive causal effect on CP risk ( OR=1.197, 95% CI 1.047-1.368, P=0.008), with no evidence of horizontal pleiotropy or significant heterogeneity. In the reverse MR analysis, 17 SNPs were included; the IVW analysis did not detect a significant causal effect of CP on ASD ( OR=0.990, 95% CI 0.935-1.047, P=0.717), also with no evidence of horizontal pleiotropy or significant heterogeneity. Causal effect estimates from MR-Egger regression and weighted median analyses were generally consistent with those of IVW. Conclusions:These findings indicate that, at the level of genetic susceptibility, ASD is a risk factor for CP.

Objective:To evaluate the causal relationship between autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and chronic pancreatitis (CP) using a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis.Methods:Based on genome-wide association study (GWAS) data, forward and reverse two-sample MR analyses were conducted to examine the causal relationship between ASD and CP. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) reaching genome-wide significance were selected from the GWAS data as candidate instrumental variables, and the Steiger directionality test was used to confirm the causal direction. The inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method was applied as the primary analysis to estimate the causal effect of the exposure on the outcome. MR-Egger regression and weighted median methods were used as supplementary sensitivity analyses to assess the robustness of the results. Pleiotropy and heterogeneity tests were performed to evaluate the reliability of the findings.Results:The forward MR analysis ultimately identified 29 SNPs. The IVW analysis indicated that ASD had a significant positive causal effect on CP risk ( OR=1.197, 95% CI 1.047-1.368, P=0.008), with no evidence of horizontal pleiotropy or significant heterogeneity. In the reverse MR analysis, 17 SNPs were included; the IVW analysis did not detect a significant causal effect of CP on ASD ( OR=0.990, 95% CI 0.935-1.047, P=0.717), also with no evidence of horizontal pleiotropy or significant heterogeneity. Causal effect estimates from MR-Egger regression and weighted median analyses were generally consistent with those of IVW. Conclusions:These findings indicate that, at the level of genetic susceptibility, ASD is a risk factor for CP.

Objective To explore the casual relationship between immune cells and chronic pancreatitis(CP)using Mendelian randomization(MR)analysis.Methods The immune cell phenotypes and CP GWAS data used in this study were obtained from public databases,and 731 immune cell phenotypes were included.The bidirectional MR analysis was used to explore the causal relationship between immune cells and CP,and various sensitivity analysis methods were used to verify the heterogeneity and level multiplicity of the results.Results This study identified 33 immune cell phenotypes with a causal relationship with CP,of which 18 were inhibitory factors,and the rest were risk factors.Among the 18 inhibitory factors,CD25 on CD4+in the Treg cell group showed the most significant inhibitory effect.Among the 15 risk factors,CD8br AC in the TBNK cell group,CD8br on TD CD8br in the mature T cell group,and CD39+CD8br％ T cell and CD28 on CD4+in the Treg cell group showed statistical significance.The reverse MR results further confirmed the unidirectionality of the causal relationship.Conclusion Our study revealed the close relationship between immune cells and CP through MR method,highlighting the complex interaction pattern between the immune system and CP.