Objective:To investigate the influencing factors of secondary type 2 diabetes in young obesity patients, and construct and validate a risk prediction model.Methods:The retrospective cohort study was conducted. The clinical data of 847 young obesity patients who were admitted to The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from January 2022 to July 2024 were collected. There were 382 males and 465 females, aged (29.4±3.8)years. Patients were randomly divided into a training set of 593 cases and a validation set of 254 cases based on a random number table method of 7∶3 ratio. The training set was used to construct the prediction model, and the validation set was used to validate prediction model. Observation indicators: (1) analysis of influencing factors of secondary type 2 diabetes in young obesity patients; (2) construc-tion and validation of a prediction model for secondary type 2 diabetes in young obesity patients. Comparison of measurement data with normal distribution between groups was conducted using the independent sample t test. Comparison of measurement data with skewed distribution between groups was conducted using the Mann-Whitney U test. Comparison of count data between groups was conducted using the chi-square test. Univariate analysis was performed using the corresponding statistical methods based on data types. Multivariate analysis was performed using the Logistic regression model, and the area under the curve (AUC) of receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, the Hosmer-Lemeshow test, the calibration curve and decision curve were used to evaluate the predictive performance of the model. Results:(1) Analysis of influencing factors of secondary type 2 diabetes in young obesity patients. Of the 847 young obesity patients, there were 238 patients with secondary type 2 diabetes, including 161 cases in the training set and 77 cases in the validation set, 609 patients of simple obesity, including 432 cases in the training set and 177 cases in the validation set. Results of multivariate analysis showed that family history of diabetes, hypertension, high-sugar diet, exercise habits, triglyceride (TG), homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) were independent factors influencing secondary type 2 diabetes in young obesity patients [ odds ratio=9.476, 2.420, 3.219, 0.272, 2.137, 26.759, 41.535, 95% confidence interval ( CI) as 3.242-27.696, 1.159-5.052, 1.525-6.796, 0.117-0.632, 1.019-4.481, 12.907-55.476, 16.085-107.251, P<0.05]. (2) Construction and validation of a prediction model for secondary type 2 diabetes in young obesity patients. A nomogram prediction model for secondary type 2 diabetes in young obesity patients was constructed based on the results of multivariate analysis. Results of ROC curve analysis showed that the AUC of prediction model for the training set was 0.963(95% CI as 0.946-0.980), with sensitivity of 89.6% and specificity of 93.2%, respectively, and the AUC of prediction model for the validation set was 0.966(95% CI as 0.944-0.988), with sensitivity of 92.7% and specificity of 88.3%, respectively. Results of Hosmer-Lemeshow test showed that the P-values for both the training set and validation set were >0.05, indicating good model fit. The calibration curves for both the training set and validation set closely matched the actual curve, demonstrating the prediction model with a good fit. The decision curve analysis showed high practical value of the model. Conclusions:Family history of diabetes, hypertension, high-sugar diet, exercise habits, TG, HOMA-IR and NLR are independent factors influencing secondary type 2 diabetes in young obesity patients. The prediction model constructed based on these factors demons-trates good predictive performance.

Objective To determine the body weights and blood physiological and biochemical indicators in the Macaca mulatta brevicaudus(M.m.brevicaudus),to provide a reference for the breeding of experimental animals.Methods A total of 180 wild M.m.brevicaudus(female and male)from the South Bay Macaque Reserve in Lingshui were selected as the research subjects.Body weights were measured using electronic scales and blood samples were collected.Routine blood indicators(red blood cell count,hemoglobin,white blood cell count,and platelet count)were detected using an automated blood cell analyzer,and biochemical indicators(alanine aminotransferase,aspartate aminotransferase,glucose,blood urea nitrogen)were measured using an automated biochemical analyzer.Data were analyzed using SPSS 18.0 software for descriptive statistics,and differences in body weights and blood indicators between sexes and age groups were compared using t-tests.Results Adult male wild M.m.brevicaudus were significantly heavier than females(P＜0.05);however,there were no significant differences in complete blood cell counts between female and male macaques(P＞0.05).In terms of blood biochemical indicators,lactate dehydrogenase and total bilirubin levels differed significantly between female and male M.m.brevicaudus(P＜0.05),but there were no significant differences in any other biochemical indicators.Conclusions This study established baseline data on the body weights and blood physiological and biochemical indicators of wild M.m.brevicaudus,providing a reference for their future breeding as experimental animals.

Objective To investigate the value of serum α-hydroxybutyric dehydrogenase(α-HBDH),cysteine-rich protein 61(CYR61)and gasdermin D(GSDMD)level testing in patients with sepsis-combined cardiomyopathy for clinical diagnosis and prognostic assessment.Methods A total of 244 sepsis patients who underwent consultation and treatment in Baotou Central Hospital from May 2020 to December 2023 were selected as the study subjects,and were separated into a study group(combined cardiomyopathy,n=106)and a control group(uncombined cardiomyopathy,n=138)according to whether they were combined cardiomyopathy or not.The levels of α-HBDH,CYR61 and GSDMD were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)method.Pearson and Spearman methods were used to analyze the correlation of α-HBDH,CYR61,and GSDMD with systolic and diastolic blood pressure,left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF)and acute physiology and chronic health evaluationⅡ(APACHE II)score.Multifactorial Logistic regression was used to analyze the factors affecting sepsis-combined cardiomyopathy.Receiver operator characteristic(ROC)curves were used to assess the diagnostic value of α-HBDH,CYR61 and GSDMD for sepsis-combined cardiomyopathy and their validity for prognostic prediction.Results Serum α-HBDH(278.35±18.89ng/ml vs 253.47±12.75ng/ml),CYR61(18.23±4.14mg/L vs 14.48±2.67mg/L)and GSDMD(12.39±3.28mg/L vs 9.46±2.17mg/L)levels were higher in the study group compared to the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(t=12.261,8.572,8.377,all P<0.05).The levels of α-HBDH(291.93±19.22ng/ml),CYR61(20.33±3.43mg/L)and GSDMD(14.01±3.09mg/L)were higher in the death patients compared to the survived patients(268.71±13.09ng/ml,16.74±2.88mg/L,11.24±2.55mg/L),and the differences were statistically significant(t=7.402,5.839,5.044,all P<0.05).Correlation analysis showed that α-HBDH,CYR61,and GSDMD were negatively correlated with systolic blood pressure,diastolic blood pressure and LVEF(r=-0.631～-0.422,all P<0.05),α-HBDH,CYR61,GSDMD were negatively correlated with APACHE II score(r=0.531,0.507,0.611,all P<0.05).Multifactorial Logistic regression analysis showed that systolic blood pressure,diastolic blood pressure,and LVEF were protective factors affecting sepsis-combined cardiomyopathy(Wald χ2=6.823,7.986,10.875,all P<0.05),and α-HBDH,CYR61,and GSDMD were risk factors affecting sepsis-combined cardiomyopathy(Wald χ2=9.376,6.849,7.435,all P<0.05).From the ROC curve analysis,it was known that the combined application of α-HBDH,CYR61,and GSDMD was more effective in the diagnosis of sepsis-combined cardiomyopathy(Z=2.369,2.454,2.573),the combined application of α-HBDH,CYR61,and GSDMD were superior for prognostic prediction in sepsis-combined cardiomyopathy(Z=2.352,2.468,2.581),and the differences were statistically significant(all P<0.05).Conclusion Serum α-HBDH,CYR61 and GSDMD levels are increased in patients with sepsis-combined cardiomyopathy,and they are correlated with prognosis.The combination of these three tests has a higher diagnostic value and prognostic value in sepsis combined cardiomyopathy.

Objective:To investigate the influencing factors of secondary type 2 diabetes in young obesity patients, and construct and validate a risk prediction model.Methods:The retrospective cohort study was conducted. The clinical data of 847 young obesity patients who were admitted to The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from January 2022 to July 2024 were collected. There were 382 males and 465 females, aged (29.4±3.8)years. Patients were randomly divided into a training set of 593 cases and a validation set of 254 cases based on a random number table method of 7∶3 ratio. The training set was used to construct the prediction model, and the validation set was used to validate prediction model. Observation indicators: (1) analysis of influencing factors of secondary type 2 diabetes in young obesity patients; (2) construc-tion and validation of a prediction model for secondary type 2 diabetes in young obesity patients. Comparison of measurement data with normal distribution between groups was conducted using the independent sample t test. Comparison of measurement data with skewed distribution between groups was conducted using the Mann-Whitney U test. Comparison of count data between groups was conducted using the chi-square test. Univariate analysis was performed using the corresponding statistical methods based on data types. Multivariate analysis was performed using the Logistic regression model, and the area under the curve (AUC) of receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, the Hosmer-Lemeshow test, the calibration curve and decision curve were used to evaluate the predictive performance of the model. Results:(1) Analysis of influencing factors of secondary type 2 diabetes in young obesity patients. Of the 847 young obesity patients, there were 238 patients with secondary type 2 diabetes, including 161 cases in the training set and 77 cases in the validation set, 609 patients of simple obesity, including 432 cases in the training set and 177 cases in the validation set. Results of multivariate analysis showed that family history of diabetes, hypertension, high-sugar diet, exercise habits, triglyceride (TG), homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) were independent factors influencing secondary type 2 diabetes in young obesity patients [ odds ratio=9.476, 2.420, 3.219, 0.272, 2.137, 26.759, 41.535, 95% confidence interval ( CI) as 3.242-27.696, 1.159-5.052, 1.525-6.796, 0.117-0.632, 1.019-4.481, 12.907-55.476, 16.085-107.251, P<0.05]. (2) Construction and validation of a prediction model for secondary type 2 diabetes in young obesity patients. A nomogram prediction model for secondary type 2 diabetes in young obesity patients was constructed based on the results of multivariate analysis. Results of ROC curve analysis showed that the AUC of prediction model for the training set was 0.963(95% CI as 0.946-0.980), with sensitivity of 89.6% and specificity of 93.2%, respectively, and the AUC of prediction model for the validation set was 0.966(95% CI as 0.944-0.988), with sensitivity of 92.7% and specificity of 88.3%, respectively. Results of Hosmer-Lemeshow test showed that the P-values for both the training set and validation set were >0.05, indicating good model fit. The calibration curves for both the training set and validation set closely matched the actual curve, demonstrating the prediction model with a good fit. The decision curve analysis showed high practical value of the model. Conclusions:Family history of diabetes, hypertension, high-sugar diet, exercise habits, TG, HOMA-IR and NLR are independent factors influencing secondary type 2 diabetes in young obesity patients. The prediction model constructed based on these factors demons-trates good predictive performance.

Objective To determine the body weights and blood physiological and biochemical indicators in the Macaca mulatta brevicaudus(M.m.brevicaudus),to provide a reference for the breeding of experimental animals.Methods A total of 180 wild M.m.brevicaudus(female and male)from the South Bay Macaque Reserve in Lingshui were selected as the research subjects.Body weights were measured using electronic scales and blood samples were collected.Routine blood indicators(red blood cell count,hemoglobin,white blood cell count,and platelet count)were detected using an automated blood cell analyzer,and biochemical indicators(alanine aminotransferase,aspartate aminotransferase,glucose,blood urea nitrogen)were measured using an automated biochemical analyzer.Data were analyzed using SPSS 18.0 software for descriptive statistics,and differences in body weights and blood indicators between sexes and age groups were compared using t-tests.Results Adult male wild M.m.brevicaudus were significantly heavier than females(P＜0.05);however,there were no significant differences in complete blood cell counts between female and male macaques(P＞0.05).In terms of blood biochemical indicators,lactate dehydrogenase and total bilirubin levels differed significantly between female and male M.m.brevicaudus(P＜0.05),but there were no significant differences in any other biochemical indicators.Conclusions This study established baseline data on the body weights and blood physiological and biochemical indicators of wild M.m.brevicaudus,providing a reference for their future breeding as experimental animals.

Objective To investigate the value of serum α-hydroxybutyric dehydrogenase(α-HBDH),cysteine-rich protein 61(CYR61)and gasdermin D(GSDMD)level testing in patients with sepsis-combined cardiomyopathy for clinical diagnosis and prognostic assessment.Methods A total of 244 sepsis patients who underwent consultation and treatment in Baotou Central Hospital from May 2020 to December 2023 were selected as the study subjects,and were separated into a study group(combined cardiomyopathy,n=106)and a control group(uncombined cardiomyopathy,n=138)according to whether they were combined cardiomyopathy or not.The levels of α-HBDH,CYR61 and GSDMD were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)method.Pearson and Spearman methods were used to analyze the correlation of α-HBDH,CYR61,and GSDMD with systolic and diastolic blood pressure,left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF)and acute physiology and chronic health evaluationⅡ(APACHE II)score.Multifactorial Logistic regression was used to analyze the factors affecting sepsis-combined cardiomyopathy.Receiver operator characteristic(ROC)curves were used to assess the diagnostic value of α-HBDH,CYR61 and GSDMD for sepsis-combined cardiomyopathy and their validity for prognostic prediction.Results Serum α-HBDH(278.35±18.89ng/ml vs 253.47±12.75ng/ml),CYR61(18.23±4.14mg/L vs 14.48±2.67mg/L)and GSDMD(12.39±3.28mg/L vs 9.46±2.17mg/L)levels were higher in the study group compared to the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(t=12.261,8.572,8.377,all P<0.05).The levels of α-HBDH(291.93±19.22ng/ml),CYR61(20.33±3.43mg/L)and GSDMD(14.01±3.09mg/L)were higher in the death patients compared to the survived patients(268.71±13.09ng/ml,16.74±2.88mg/L,11.24±2.55mg/L),and the differences were statistically significant(t=7.402,5.839,5.044,all P<0.05).Correlation analysis showed that α-HBDH,CYR61,and GSDMD were negatively correlated with systolic blood pressure,diastolic blood pressure and LVEF(r=-0.631～-0.422,all P<0.05),α-HBDH,CYR61,GSDMD were negatively correlated with APACHE II score(r=0.531,0.507,0.611,all P<0.05).Multifactorial Logistic regression analysis showed that systolic blood pressure,diastolic blood pressure,and LVEF were protective factors affecting sepsis-combined cardiomyopathy(Wald χ2=6.823,7.986,10.875,all P<0.05),and α-HBDH,CYR61,and GSDMD were risk factors affecting sepsis-combined cardiomyopathy(Wald χ2=9.376,6.849,7.435,all P<0.05).From the ROC curve analysis,it was known that the combined application of α-HBDH,CYR61,and GSDMD was more effective in the diagnosis of sepsis-combined cardiomyopathy(Z=2.369,2.454,2.573),the combined application of α-HBDH,CYR61,and GSDMD were superior for prognostic prediction in sepsis-combined cardiomyopathy(Z=2.352,2.468,2.581),and the differences were statistically significant(all P<0.05).Conclusion Serum α-HBDH,CYR61 and GSDMD levels are increased in patients with sepsis-combined cardiomyopathy,and they are correlated with prognosis.The combination of these three tests has a higher diagnostic value and prognostic value in sepsis combined cardiomyopathy.

The uniqueness of the location of large general hospitals in urban areas determines that the contradiction between space constraints and medical expansion has become a problem of management bottleneck.The situation that expert visits are too concentrated on a certain working day morning has been significantly improved by carrying out peak load shifting in the visiting arrangements and visiting units of large general hospitals through the Total Quality Management theory and continuous improvement of work mode,greatly alleviating public transportation congestion around the hospital.Through the internal construction of the quality of outpatient clinics,it can effectively improve the patients'sense of access to health care.

The uniqueness of the location of large general hospitals in urban areas determines that the contradiction between space constraints and medical expansion has become a problem of management bottleneck.The situation that expert visits are too concentrated on a certain working day morning has been significantly improved by carrying out peak load shifting in the visiting arrangements and visiting units of large general hospitals through the Total Quality Management theory and continuous improvement of work mode,greatly alleviating public transportation congestion around the hospital.Through the internal construction of the quality of outpatient clinics,it can effectively improve the patients'sense of access to health care.

The uniqueness of the location of large general hospitals in urban areas determines that the contradiction between space constraints and medical expansion has become a problem of management bottleneck.The situation that expert visits are too concentrated on a certain working day morning has been significantly improved by carrying out peak load shifting in the visiting arrangements and visiting units of large general hospitals through the Total Quality Management theory and continuous improvement of work mode,greatly alleviating public transportation congestion around the hospital.Through the internal construction of the quality of outpatient clinics,it can effectively improve the patients'sense of access to health care.

The uniqueness of the location of large general hospitals in urban areas determines that the contradiction between space constraints and medical expansion has become a problem of management bottleneck.The situation that expert visits are too concentrated on a certain working day morning has been significantly improved by carrying out peak load shifting in the visiting arrangements and visiting units of large general hospitals through the Total Quality Management theory and continuous improvement of work mode,greatly alleviating public transportation congestion around the hospital.Through the internal construction of the quality of outpatient clinics,it can effectively improve the patients'sense of access to health care.