ObjectiveThis paper aims to investigate the potential molecular biological mechanism of Buyang Huanwu Tongfeng decoction in treating hyperuricemia and gouty arthritis by network pharmacology and molecular docking technology and preliminarily verify the mechanism through animal experiments. MethodsThe active ingredients and targets in the Buyang Huanwu Tongfeng decoction were obtained by the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform （TCMSP） and ETCM databases. The DisGeNET and GeneCards databases were utilized to acquire disease targets associated with hyperuricemia and gouty arthritis. These disease targets were then intersected with drug targets to identify key targets. The R language ClusterProfiler package and Python were employed for conducting gene ontology（GO） enrichment analysis and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes（KEGG） enrichment analysis. The regulatory network diagram of the drug-key target-function-pathway was visualized using Cytoscape 3.9.1 software， and the protein-protein interaction （PPI） network for key targets was depicted. Finally， the hub gene was determined through topological analysis. Auto Dock， PyMOL， and other software were used for molecular docking to explore the possible therapeutic mechanism of Buyang Huanwu Tongfeng decoction for hyperuricemia and gouty arthritis. In animal experiments， a composite rat model of hyperuricemia induced by intraperitoneal injection of oteracil potassium combined with gouty arthritis induced by the modified Coderre method was established. Through hematoxylin-eosin（HE） staining， uric acid test， enzyme linked immunosorbent assay（ELISA）， Western blot， and real-time polymerase chain reaction（Real-time PCR）， the molecular mechanism and key targets of Buyang Huanwu Tongfeng decoction for treating hyperuricemia and gouty arthritis were observed. ResultsAfter screening and removing duplicate values， 76 active ingredients and 15 key targets were finally obtained. GO enrichment analysis yielded that the treatment of hyperuricemia and gouty arthritis with Buyang Huanwu Tongfeng decoction was significantly associated with acute inflammatory response， astrocyte activation， regulation of interleukin （IL）-8 production， nuclear receptor activity， and binding of growth factor receptor. KEGG pathway enrichment analysis obtained that the key target genes were significantly associated with the IL-17 signaling pathway， advanced glycosylation end/receptor of advanced glycation endproducts（AGE/RAGE） signaling pathway， anti-inflammatory， and other pathways. PPI network indicated that albumin（ALB）， peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ （PPAR-γ）， IL-6， IL-1β， and C-reactive protein（CRP） were the key protein targets. The molecular docking results showed that ALB had the strongest binding force with beta-carotene （β-carotene）. Biochemical results showed that blood uric acid decreased in the Buyang Huanwu Tongfeng decoction groups. HE staining results showed that the low-dose （7.76 g·kg^-1·d^-1）， medium-dose （15.53 g·kg^-1·d^-1）， and high-dose （31.05 g·kg^-1·d^-1） groups of Buyang Huanwu Tongfeng decoction had different degrees of remission， and the remission of the high-dose group was the most obvious. Fibroblastic tissue hyperplasia in synovial joints accompanied with inflammatory cell infiltration， as well as inflammatory cell infiltration in renal tissue of the high-dose group was significantly reduced， followed by the medium-dose and low-dose groups， and the expression of ALB， PPAR-γ， IL-6， IL-1β， and CRP was down-regulated to different degrees. ConclusionBy regulating the targets such as ALB， PPAR-γ， IL-6， IL-1β， and CRP， inhibiting the PPAR-γ/nuclear transcription factor （NF）-κB pathway， and reducing AGEs/RAGE-mediated inflammation， Buyang Huanwu Tongfeng decoction exerts anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects and activates blood circulation and diuresis in the treatment of hyperuricemia and gouty arthritis.

OBJECTIVE: To observe the clinical efficacy of acupuncture based on the "head qijie" theory combined with endovascular intervention in the treatment of ischemic stroke (IS). METHODS: Sixty-six IS patients were randomly divided into an experimental group (33 cases, 3 cases dropped out) and a control group (33 cases, 3 cases dropped out). The control group received endovascular intervention. On the basis of the treatment in the control group, the experimental group received acupuncture based on the "head qijie" theory starting from the second day after surgery, Baihui (GV20) and bilateral Fengchi (GB20), Tianzhu (BL10), etc. were selected, once a day, 6 times a week for 2 weeks. Before and after treatment, the scores of National Institutes of Health stroke scale (NIHSS), modified Barthel index (MBI) and modified Rankin scale (mRS) were observed in the two groups, the clinical efficacy and safety were evaluated. RESULTS: After treatment, the NIHSS and mRS scores were decreased compared with those before treatment in both groups (P<0.01), the NIHSS and mRS scores in the experimental group were lower than those in the control group (P<0.05). After treatment, the MBI scores were increased compared with those before treatment in both groups (P<0.01), the MBI score in the experimental group was higher than that in the control group (P<0.05). The total effective rate in the experimental group was 86.7% (26/30), which was higher than 66.7% (20/30) in the control group (P<0.05). The incidence of adverse events in the experimental group was 6.7% (2/30), which was lower than 13.3% (4/30) in the control group (P<0.05). CONCLUSION Acupuncture based on the "head qijie" theory combined with endovascular intervention in treating IS has good efficacy, improves neurological function, and enhances daily living ability.
Humans ; Male ; Female ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Middle Aged ; Aged ; Ischemic Stroke/therapy* ; Acupuncture Points ; Endovascular Procedures ; Treatment Outcome ; Adult ; Combined Modality Therapy

Objective:To assess the correlation and consistency of electrochemiluminescence and direct chemiluminescence in detecting 12 tumor markers.Methods:A total of 2426 serum specimens were selected from the physical examination in Beijing Tiantan Hospital,Capital Medical University from March to August 2023.These specimens included 446 cases for alpha fetoprotein(AFP),284 cases for carcinoembryonic antigen(CEA),289 cases for carbohydrate antigen 72-4(CA72-4),87 cases for carbohydrate antigen 19-9(CA19-9),205 cases for carbohydrate antigen 125(CA-125),216 cases for carbohydrate antigen 15-3(CA 15-3),292 cases for total prostate specific antigen(TPSA),292 cases for free prostate specific antigen(FPSA),84 cases for serum cytokeratin 19 fragment(Cyfra21-1),84 cases for neuron specific enolase(NSE),84 cases for squamous cell carcinoma associated antigen(SCC)and 63 cases for pro-gastrin-releasing peptide(PROGrp).The electrochemiluminescence and direct chemiluminescence methods were respectively used to detect the above 12 indexes,and then,the correlation and consistency between the two detection methods were analyzed.Results:The results of Pearson and Spearman correlation analysis showed that there were significantly positive correlations between electrochemiluminescence and direct chemiluminescence methods in detecting 12 tumor indexes(AFP,CEA,CA72-4,CA19-9,CA125,CA15-3,TPSA,FPSA,Cyfra21-1,NSE,SCC and PROGrp)(r=0.971,0.934,0.945,0.975,0.900,0.948,0.994,0.984,0.982,0.828,0.879,0.922,P<0.05),respectively.The total coincidence rates between the two methods were respectively 98.21%,98.24%,98.27%,98.85%,97.07%,99.54%,99.66%,99.32%,92.86%,92.86%,95.24%and 96.83%.There were consistencies between electrochemiluminescence and direct chemiluminescence methods for 10 indexes excepted CA15-3 and NSE that could not calculate Kappa values due to data reasons(Kappa=0.848,0.728,0.930,0.794,0.485,0.887,0.664,0.540,0.477,0.652,P<0.05),respectively.Conclusion:In the detections of electrochemiluminescence and direct chemiluminescence methods for tumor indexes,there are favorable correlations and consistencies between them in detecting AFP,CA72-4,CA19-9 and TPSA,and there are favorable correlations between them in detecting CEA,CA125,FPSA,Cyfra21-1,SCC and PROGrp but the consistencies between them are average in detecting these indexes,and there are favorable correlations between them in detecting CA15-3 and NSE.Clinical detection should pay attention to there may be differences in the results between different detection methods when the detection is conducted in reference laboratory.

ObjectiveTo construct a macro-evaluation tool for dampness syndrome （DS） animal model， which will provide a basis for experimental research on dampness syndrome in traditional Chinese medicine （TCM）. MethodsConceptual framework of this study was clarified through discussions within the core working group， and dimensions of the evaluation of the animal model of DS were identified according to TCM principles. We searched CNKI， Wanfang， VIP and SinoMed databases from the inception to June 30th， 2023， on experiments involving dampness syndrome animals to create a pool of items about DS animal models. The core items were selected and extracted for factor analysis and cluster analysis. An expert importance rating questionnaire was developed based on the results of the literature review， analyzing the distribution of item scores， importance averages， and coefficient of variation. Through a comprehensive analysis of literature， expert importance scoring， and specific expert opinions， items that did not meet anyone of the criteria of average importance rating ≥2.04， coefficient of variation ≤30%， or literature eva-luation frequency ≥2% were removed， thereafter， the macro-evaluation tool for DS animal model was preliminarily constructed. ResultsSpirit and body state， autonomic activity state， body surface characteristics， diet， urination and defecation， tongue manifestation， and motor behavior assessment were constructed as the seven dimensions in the evaluation of DS animal model. A total of 348 papers about animal experiments were included and analyzed， resulting in a saturated pool of 72 items， which was refined to 38 core items of DS animal models. Factor analysis obtained 16 common factors， which were further clustered into two categories， named dampness transforming from heat syndrome and dampness transforming from cold syndrome. The expert importance scoring showed that the Kendall harmony coefficient was 0.359 （P＜0.05） indicating a high level of agreement， coordination and reliability among the experts. Notably， 50% or more of the experts considered the items thick and greasy tongue coating， unclean perianal area， loose stools， lethargy， unformed stools， and listless expression as very important. The median scores for all items were 2.04（1.73， 2.37）， with a coefficient of variation ranging from 19.73% to 53.38%. After expert evaluation， the macro-evaluation tool for DS animal model in TCM with 33 items and corresponding criteria for assessing the formation of DS models was finally contructed. ConclusionThe Macro-evaluation tool for DS animal model in TCM is highly scientific， credible， and operable， and can be utilized in DS animal experiments after its characteristics are actually evaluated.

Objective To analyze the characteristics of visceral leishmaniasis cases in Henan Province, so as to provide insights into formulation of the visceral leishmaniasis control srtrategy. Methods All epidemiological data of reported visceral leishmaniasis cases in Henan Province from 2021 to 2023 were retrieved from the National Notifiable Disease Report Information Management System of Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, and the epidemiological features and diagnosis of visceral leishmaniasis cases were descriptively analyzed. Results A total of 93 visceral leishmaniasis cases were reported in Henan Province from 2021 to 2023, with a male to female ratio of 2.58∶1, and including 2 imported cases from other provinces and 91 local cases. The number of visceral leishmaniasis cases peaked during the period between March and May, and between July and October. The reported visceral leishmaniasis cases had ages of 7 months to 74 years, with the largest number of cases found at ages of 0 to 9 years (26 cases, 27.96%), followed by at ages of 60 to 70 years (24 cases, 25.81%). Farmer (47 cases, 50.54%) and diaspora children (19 cases, 20.43%) were predominant occupations, and 91 local visceral leishmaniasis cases were found in 6 cities of Zhengzhou, Luoyang, Anyang, Hebi, Sanmenxia and Xuchang. The median duration from onset of visceral leishmaniasis to diagnosis was 20 days, and there were 25.81% (24/93) cases with 10 days and less duration from onset to diagnosis, 38.71% (36/93) cases receiving diagnosis at 11 to 30 days following onset, and 35.48% (33/93) cases receiving diagnosis for more than 30 days following onset. All cases were predominantly diagnosed in province- (60.00%) and city-level (28.89%) medical institutions. Conclusions The number of visceral leishmaniasis is on the rise in Henan Province, with a gradually expanding coverage. Intensified monitoring of visceral leishmaniasis cases, dogs, and vectors, dog management, sandflies control and improved individual protection are recommended to prevent the spread of visceral leishmaniasis.

Objective This study aimed to explore the effect of the combined Danzhi Jiangtang Capsule with dapagliflozin on the blood lipid profile and related inflammatory markers in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus with peripheral vascular disease. Methods 72 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus with peripheral vascular disease who met the inclusion criteria were admitted to the Department of Endocrinology,The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine,from April 2021 to April 2023. The patients were assigned to the experimental group and the control group using the random number table method (36 cases in each group). The control group was treated with dapagliflozin in addition to standard treatment,while the experimental group received the Danzhi Jiangtang Capsule for 12 weeks. Clinical efficacy,glucose and lipid metabolism indicators,hypersensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP),body mass index (BMI) levels,and traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndrome scores were observed pre-and post-treatment.Results In post-treatment,the clinical efficacy was higher in the experimental group than in the control group. Significant reductions in fasting blood glucose (FPG),2 h postprandial glucose (2 hPG),triglycerides (TG),total cholesterol (TC),low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C),hs-CRP,BMI,and increased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) were observed. Scores for TCM syndrome and individual items also decreased (P<0.05). Comparisons within the groups for pre-and post-treatment showed reductions in FPG,2 hPG,TG,TC,LDL-C,hs-CRP,and an increase in HDL-C,along with a decrease in total scores of TCM syndrome (P<0.05). Conclusion The Danzhi Jiangtang Capsule combined with dapagliflozin in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus with peripheral vascular disease can regulate the blood lipid profile,reduce inflammatory factors,and improve patient's symptoms. Integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine treatment are more conducive to controlling the disease,and TCM can be used in clinical practice as a combination treatment.

Objective:To explore the medication law and core TCM prescriptions of Jia Yuejin in the treatment of coronary heart disease (CHD) complicated with depressive disorder (DD) by analyzing target-based network and mining clinical data.Methods:The targets of CHD complicated with DD were obtained by GeneCards, OMIM, TTD and other databases, and then the protein-protein interaction network of the two disease targets was constructed and then screened out the core targets. The Metascape platform was used to perform GO and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis on the intersection targets respectively to analyze the mechanism of action of CHD complicated with DD. Then TCMSP was used to query the active components acting on the targets and the Chinese materia medica containing these active components, and the data were imported into Cytoscape 3.9.0 to construct the core target-active component-Chinese materia medica network for network topology analysis. The outpatient clinical data of Jia Yuejin from January 1, 2015 to January 1, 2021 were collected, and data mining was conducted by using the Ancient and Modern Medical Case Cloud Platform (V2.3.5) to obtain his commonly used prescriptions. The results were fitted with the core TCM prescriptions obtained by target network analysis, and the drugs in the core prescriptions were analyzed.Results:Totally 1 501 intersection targets were obtained by protein interaction network analysis of CHD complicated with DD, which could be divided into 4 core target clusters, including inflammation cause, subclass tumor cause, subclass lipid metabolism factor, and fibrosis factor; a total of 480 active components were obtained by TCMSP, which belonged to 181 types of Chinese materia medica, including 8 core components: quercetin, kaempferol, luteolin, carotene, beta-carotene, acacetin, formononetin and ellagic acid. GO enrichment analysis yielded 61 results, mainly including positive regulation of protein phosphorylation, signal receptor agonist activity, side of membrane , etc.; KEGG pathway enrichment analysis yielded a total of 20 results, mainly including cancer pathways, lipid and atherosclerosis, JAK-STAT signaling pathway, etc. Clinical data mining included 120 cases and 148 prescriptions, including 135 types of Chinese materia medica; the properties were mainly mild, warm, slightly cold and cold; the tastes were mainly sweet, bitter and light, and the medicine mainly belongs to the lung, spleen, liver, heart, stomach, kidney and other meridians; drug association analysis, cluster analysis and complex network analysis were used to synthesize common prescriptions. The core TCM prescriptions obtained from common prescription and target network analysis were fitted: Pinelliae Rhizoma, Glycyrrhizae Radixet Rhizoma, Bupleuri Radix, Cyperi Rhizoma, Salviea Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, Corydalis Rhizoma, Codonopsis Radix, Astragali Radix, Acori Tatarinowii Rhizoma. Conclusion:The medication law of Jia Yuejin in the treatment of CHD complicated with DD is in accordance with core TCM prescriptions. This study can provide guidance for clinical treatment and further research of CHD complicated with DD.

ObjectiveTo observe the clinical efficacy of Danzhi Jiangtang capsules with the functions of replenishing Qi， nourishing Yin， and dredging collaterals on patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus （T2DM） combined with lower-extremity macroangiopathy and serum levels of homocysteine （Hcy） and cystatin C （Cys C）. MethodA total of 80 eligible patients who were treated in the department of endocrinology of the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine from May 2017 to December 2019 were randomized into the treatment group （40 cases） and control group （40 cases）. Both groups received the basic therapies for diabetes and Danzhi Jiangtang capsules （oral） was added to the treatment group. The levels of glycosylated hemoglobin A1c （HbA1c）， fasting plasma glucose （FPG）， 2-hour postprandial glucose （2 hPG）， fasting C-peptide （C-P）， and 2-hour postprandial C-peptide （2 hC-P）， triglycerides （TG）， total cholesterol （TC）， high density lipoprotein cholesterol （HDL-C）， and low density lipoprotein cholesterol （LDL-C） and serum levels of Hcy and Cys C were measured and the traditional Chinese medicine（TCM） syndrome scores were calculated before and after treatment in the two groups. ResultAfter 12 weeks of treatment， levels of HbA1c， FPG， and 2 hPG were lower than those before treatment in the two groups （P<0.05）. Levels of C-P （P<0.05） and 2 hC-P were higher than those before treatment in the two groups. After treatment， levels of HbA1c， FPG， and 2 hPG in the treatment group were lower than those in the control group （P<0.05）， while levels of C-P and 2 hC-P showed no significant difference between two groups. After treatment， the levels of TG， TC， and LDL-C were lower than those before treatment （P<0.05） and HDL-C level was higher than that before treatment （P<0.05） in both groups. After treatment， levels of TG and LDL-C in the treatment group were lower than those in the control group （P<0.05）， and levels of TC and HDL-C demonstrated no significant difference between two groups. After the treatment， the TCM syndrome score was lower than that before the treatment in both groups （P<0.05） and lower in the treatment group than in the control group （P<0.05）. The overall effective rate of the treatment group was higher than that of the control group （χ^２=7.585， P<0.05）. The levels of Cys C and Hcy were lower than those before treatment in the two groups （P<0.05） and lower in the treatment group than in the control group （P<0.05）. Doppler echocardiography of the lower limbs showed no obvious improvement in the control group after treatment. However， for the treatment group， slight decrease in intima-media thickness of the lower limb arteries and a slight reduction in the plaque area were observed， but the difference was not statistically significant. ConclusionDanzhi Jiangtang capsules has definite therapeutic effect on T2DM combined with lower-extremity macroangiopathy， which can improve glucolipid metabolism and reduce serum levels of Hcy and Cys C. This study can serve a reference for the prevention and treatment of T2DM combined with macroangiopathy.

OBJECTIVE To study of the dynamic evolution process of the themes of off-label drug use from a macroscopic perspective, perspective is needed to reveal the overall development vein of the field, and discover research hot spots and development trends of the field. METHODS A total of 3 876 literatures published in Web of Science from 2012 to 2022 on the topic of off-label drug use were used to obtain three visual maps of overlapping map, systematic evolution map and strategic map by using SciMAT analysis, and these maps of each period were analyzed. RESULTS Over the past ten years, there had been an increasing in the number of publications, themes, and keywords on the off-label drug use, with research themes from the former period having a large impact on the latter period, with complex evolutionary pathways and increasing evolutionary themes. Roughly, 14 evolutionary paths were formed in 4 research directions:adolescents and children, treatment, off label use, and drug RCT. CONCLUSION The content and scope of research in the field of off-label drug use will be diversified and developed, with greater focus on pediatric drug use, psychiatric drug use, COVID-19, and guidelines will be paid more attention.