[Objective]To explore the rules of cold syndrome treatment in the medical records of Qing Palace.[Methods]By collecting and sorting out the cold medical cases in Medical Records Integration of Palace in Qing Dynasty,the database and data standardization were established,and then imported into the Ancient and Modern Medical Records Cloud Platform for data mining,and combined with case analysis.[Results]A total of 196 medical records,196 prescriptions,133 symptoms,43 syndrome elements and 159 Chinese medicines were included.The most frequent syndrome elements were heat,wind,cool and fluid retention,and the most common Zang-Fu elements were stomach and lung.The top three commonly used treatment methods were expelling,dredging and resolving fluid retention.Radix glycyrrhizae and zingiberis rhizoma recens were the most commonly used,followed by saposhnikovia divaricata,platycodon grandiflorum,fructus aurantii,tangerine peel and radix scutellariae.The drug properties were warm,slightly cold and flat,and the spicy,bitter and sweet tastes were more common.The lung meridian was the most common,followed by the spleen meridian,stomach meridian and liver meridian.Fifteen groups of commonly used drug pairs were obtained,and the group with the highest confidence was saposhnikovia divaricata,platycodon grandiflorum-radix glycyrrhizae,schizonepeta-saposhnikovia divaricata,magnolia officinalis-tangerine peel,radix glycyrrhizae,and fructus aurantii-platycodon grandiflorum.Three groups of Chinese medicines were obtained by cluster analysis of 12 kinds of high frequency drugs.Through complex network analysis,12 core drugs were obtained,which were radix glycyrrhizae,zingiberis rhizoma recens,platycodon,saposhnikovia divaricata,scutellaria,fructus aurantii,schizonepeta,perilla leaf,poria,tangerine peel,radix notophylla and magnolia officinalis.[Conclusion]Cold in the Qing Dynasty often caused internal injury to the spleen and stomach.In the treatment,both the external and internal were often treated,especially the spleen and stomach.For the cases of phlegm,drink and dampness,spicy drugs were used to disperse,and bitter was used to dry.The clamping method was to invigorate the spleen and stomach,and push the old for the new.The medical records with interior heat should protect the heart and liver.The prescription of Magui was used less than the prescription of Qiangfang.For menstrual colds,cooling blood,clearing heat and moistening were very important.

[Objective]To explore the rules of cold syndrome treatment in the medical records of Qing Palace.[Methods]By collecting and sorting out the cold medical cases in Medical Records Integration of Palace in Qing Dynasty,the database and data standardization were established,and then imported into the Ancient and Modern Medical Records Cloud Platform for data mining,and combined with case analysis.[Results]A total of 196 medical records,196 prescriptions,133 symptoms,43 syndrome elements and 159 Chinese medicines were included.The most frequent syndrome elements were heat,wind,cool and fluid retention,and the most common Zang-Fu elements were stomach and lung.The top three commonly used treatment methods were expelling,dredging and resolving fluid retention.Radix glycyrrhizae and zingiberis rhizoma recens were the most commonly used,followed by saposhnikovia divaricata,platycodon grandiflorum,fructus aurantii,tangerine peel and radix scutellariae.The drug properties were warm,slightly cold and flat,and the spicy,bitter and sweet tastes were more common.The lung meridian was the most common,followed by the spleen meridian,stomach meridian and liver meridian.Fifteen groups of commonly used drug pairs were obtained,and the group with the highest confidence was saposhnikovia divaricata,platycodon grandiflorum-radix glycyrrhizae,schizonepeta-saposhnikovia divaricata,magnolia officinalis-tangerine peel,radix glycyrrhizae,and fructus aurantii-platycodon grandiflorum.Three groups of Chinese medicines were obtained by cluster analysis of 12 kinds of high frequency drugs.Through complex network analysis,12 core drugs were obtained,which were radix glycyrrhizae,zingiberis rhizoma recens,platycodon,saposhnikovia divaricata,scutellaria,fructus aurantii,schizonepeta,perilla leaf,poria,tangerine peel,radix notophylla and magnolia officinalis.[Conclusion]Cold in the Qing Dynasty often caused internal injury to the spleen and stomach.In the treatment,both the external and internal were often treated,especially the spleen and stomach.For the cases of phlegm,drink and dampness,spicy drugs were used to disperse,and bitter was used to dry.The clamping method was to invigorate the spleen and stomach,and push the old for the new.The medical records with interior heat should protect the heart and liver.The prescription of Magui was used less than the prescription of Qiangfang.For menstrual colds,cooling blood,clearing heat and moistening were very important.

ObjectiveTo investigate the regulatory effect of Mankuining Formula （MKNF） on the gut microbiota and the NOD-like receptor （NLR）P3/Caspase-1/gasdermin D （GSDMD） pyroptosis pathway-mediated inflammation in dextran sulfate sodium （DSS）-induced ulcerative colitis （UC） mice. MethodSixty SPF C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into a blank group， a model group， a MKNF group （20 g·kg^-1）， and a mesalazine group （0.266 g·kg^-1）， with 15 mice in each group. The UC model was induced in mice by freely drinking a 3% DSS solution for 7 days. After 12 hours of modeling， the treatment groups received daily oral administration， while the other groups received an equal volume of normal saline by gavage. Daily body weight and disease activity index （DAI） were recorded. On the 8th day， mice were euthanized after anesthesia， and the colon and feces were collected. The colon length was measured， and histopathological changes were observed after hematoxylin-eosin （HE） staining. Tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α）， interleukin-1β （IL-1β）， and interleukin-18 （IL-18） levels in the colon were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）. The differences in gut microbiota among the groups were analyzed using 16S rRNA sequencing technology. The protein content of NLRP3/Caspase-1/GSDMD in colon tissues was detected by Western blot. ResultCompared with the blank group， mice in the model group showed increased DAI （P<0.01）， shortened colon length （P<0.01）， severe colon mucosal damage， elevated levels of TNF-α， IL-1β， and IL-18 （P<0.01）， increased protein content of NLRP3/Caspase-1/GSDMD in colon tissues （P<0.01）， altered gut microbiota structure with decreased abundance of Actinobacteria， Bacteroidetes， and Proteobacteria， and increased abundance of Firmicutes at the phylum level. At the genus level， there was a decrease in Lactobacillus， Alloprevotella， and Yersinia， and an increase in Bacteroides， Bacillus， and Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136. Compared with the model group， the MKNF group and the mesalazine group showed a significant reduction in DAI after the 3^rd day （P<0.01）， a significant increase in colon length （P<0.01）， alleviated colon inflammation and mucosal structural damage， and decreased TNF-α， IL-1β， and IL-18 levels in the colon （P<0.01）， reduced protein content of NLRP3/caspase-1/GSDMD in colon tissue （P<0.05， P<0.01），an increase in the abundance of Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes， and a decrease in Firmicutes at the phylum level. ConclusionMKNF can alleviate UC-induced colonic inflammation， reduce colon damage， and improve dysbiosis of the gut microbiota by inhibiting the classical pyroptosis pathway.