Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) poses a significant global health challenge, necessitating early detection, timely diagnosis, and prompt treatment to improve patient outcomes. Endoscopic examination plays a pivotal role in this regard. However, despite the availability of various endoscopic techniques, certain limitations can result in missed or misdiagnosed ESCCs. Currently, artificial intelligence (AI)-assisted endoscopic diagnosis has made significant strides in addressing these limitations and improving the diagnosis of ESCC and precancerous lesions. In this review, we provide an overview of the current state of AI applications for endoscopic diagnosis of ESCC and precancerous lesions in aspects including lesion characterization, margin delineation, invasion depth estimation, and microvascular subtype classification. Furthermore, we offer insights into the future direction of this field, highlighting potential advancements that can lead to more accurate diagnoses and ultimately better prognoses for patients.
Humans ; Artificial Intelligence ; Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma/diagnosis* ; Esophageal Neoplasms/diagnosis* ; Precancerous Conditions/diagnosis*

The present report is concerned with the surface structure of the metacercaria of Pa-ragonimus iloktsuenensis as visualized with the scanning electron microscopy. The meta-cercariae were obtained from the liver of tne Sesarma dehaani collected in Yingkou county, Liaoning Province.The tegumental spines of the metacercaria are single-pointed and densely distributed over the entire body and are slightly different in size and shape in different parts of the body. On the forebody of the ventral surface, a vertical ridgeline can be seen in the middle of the spines.In addition to the short spines, there are two circles of non-ciliated papillae on both lips of the oral and the ventral suckers. Around the oral sucker, there are 12 papillae on the outer circle and 6 on the inner circle; around the ventral sucker, there are 6 papillae on both the outer and inner circles. No sensory papillae were found around the ventral sucker. On each side of the anterior part of the ventral side, 8 to 10 pairs of papillae are arranged in two rows.