This study established the HPLC fingerprints, characteristic chromatograms, and a multi-component content determination method for Bidens bipinnata and B. biternata. The chemical pattern recognition analysis was then employed to clarify the characteristic indexes of quality differences between the two original plants of Bidentis Herba, providing a reference for establishing the quality standards of Bidentis Herba. HPLC was launched on an Agilent Poroshell 120 EC-C_(18) chromatographic column(4.6 mm×250 mm, 4 μm) by gradient elution with a mobile phase of 0.1% aqueous phosphoric acid-acetonitrile at a flow rate of 0.7 mL·min~(-1), detection wavelength of 270 nm, column temperature of 25 ℃, and an injection volume of 5 μL. The similarity between the fingerprints of 18 batches of Bidentis Herba samples and the common pattern(R) ranged from 0.572 to 0.933. A total of 23 chromatographic peaks were calibrated. Through comparison with the reference substances, six components(neochlorogenic acid, chlorogenic acid, isochlorogenic acid A, isochlorogenic acid B, rutin, and hyperoside) were identified and subjected to quantitative analysis. The characteristic fingerprints of B. bipinnata and B. biternata were calibrated with 20 and 17 characteristic peaks, respectively. Among them, peaks 8, 9, 22, and 23 were the characteristic peaks of B. bipinnata, and peak 7 was the characteristic peak of B. biternata, which can be used to distinguish the two original plants of Bidentis Herba. The relative standard deviation of the content of the above-mentioned six components ranged from 36% to 123%. The cluster analysis, principal component analysis, and orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis(OPLS-DA) classified the 18 batches of Bidentis Herba samples into two categories. Additionally, through the analysis of variable importance in projection(VIP) under OPLS-DA, three characteristic indexes, rutin, isochlorogenic acid A, and isochlorogenic acid B, were identified. The analytical method established in this study can comprehensively evaluate the consistency of Bidentis Herba samples derived from different original plants, specifically identify the differential components between them, and effectively distinguish the two original plants of Bidentis Herba, providing a basis for the differentiation between different original plants and the quality control of Bidentis Herba.
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid/methods* ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/chemistry* ; Quality Control ; Bidens/chemistry*

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the short-term clinical efficacy of external fixation and internal fixation with steel plate in the treatment of unstable distal radius fractures (AO-23C type), based on the principles of Chinese osteosynthesis (CO). METHODS: Forty-eight patients with unstable distal radius fractures between January 2022 and February 2023 were retrospectively analyzed and divided into the CO external fixation group and internal fixation group. CO external fixation group consisted of 25 patients, including 7 males and 18 females, aged from 37 to 56 years old with an average of ( 52.6±11.3) years old. Among them, there were 7 patients of traffic accidents and 18 patients of falls, resulting in a total of 25 patients of closed fractures and no open fractures, the treatment was conducted using closed reduction and CO external fixation. The internal fixation group consisted of 23 patients, comprising 8 males and 15 females, age ranged from 41 to 59 years old, with an average age of(53.3±13.7) years old. Among them, 8 patients resulted from car accidents while the remaining 15 patients were caused by falls. All 23 patients were closed fractures without any open fractures observed. The technique of open reduction and internal fixation with steel plate was employed. The perioperative data, including injury-operation time, operation duration, blood loss, and length of hospital stay, were assessed in both groups. Additionally, the QuickDASH score and visual analogue scale (VAS) were evaluated. Range of motion and grip strength assessment, imaging findings such as palmar inclination angle, ulnar declination angle, radius length, articular surface step, intra-articular space measurements were also examined along with any complications. RESULTS: The follow-up duration ranged from 0 to 24 months, with an average duration of (16.0±3.8) months. The CO external fixation exhibited significantly shorter time from injury to operation (2.4±3.3) d vs (7.4±3.7) d, shorter operation duration (56.27±15.23) min vs (74.10±5.26) min, lower blood loss (14.52±6.54) ml vs (32.32±10.03) ml, and reduced hospitalization days (14.04±3.24 )d vs (16.45±3.05) d compared to the internal fixation group (P<0.05). The QuickDASH score at 12 months post-operation was (8.21±1.64) in the CO external fixation group, while no significant difference was observed in the internal fixation group (7.04±3.64), P>0.05. There were no statistically significant differences in VAS between two groups at 6 weeks, as well as 1 and 3 months post-surgery (P>0.05). Additionally, there were no significant disparities observed in terms of range of motion and grip strength between two groups at the 2-year follow-up after the operation (P>0.05). After 12 months of surgery, the CO external fixation group exhibited a significantly smaller palmar inclination angle (17.90±2.18) ° vs (19.87±3.21) °, reduced articular surface step (0.11±0.03) mm vs (0.17±0.02) mm, and shorter radius length (8.16±1.11) mm compared to the internal fixation group (9.59±1.02) mm, P<0.05. The ulnar deviation angle and intra-articular space did not show any significant difference between two groups (P>0.05). The reduced fell within the allowable range between the CO external fixation group (23 out of 25 cases) and the internal fixation group (21 out of 23 cases) was not statistically significant (P=0.29). There was no significant difference in complications between the two groups(P>0.05). CONCLUSION Both the CO external fixation and open reduction with plate internal fixation demonstrate clinical efficacy in managing unstable distal radius fractures. The CO external fixation offers advantages in shorter injury-to-operation times, reduced intraoperative blood loss, and decreased surgical durations, while radial shortening is more effectively controlled by internal fixation.
Humans ; Male ; Female ; Middle Aged ; Radius Fractures/physiopathology* ; Adult ; Bone Plates ; Fracture Fixation, Internal/methods* ; External Fixators ; Retrospective Studies ; Fracture Fixation/methods* ; Wrist Fractures

Depression, a prevalent mental disorder with significant socioeconomic burdens, underscores the urgent need for safe and effective non-pharmacological interventions. Recent advances in microbiome research have revealed the pivotal role of gut microbiota dysbiosis in the pathogenesis of depression. Concurrently, exercise, as a cost-effective and accessible intervention, has demonstrated remarkable efficacy in alleviating depressive symptoms. This comprehensive review synthesizes current evidence on the interplay among exercise, gut microbiota modulation, and depression, elucidating the mechanistic pathways through which exercise ameliorates depressive symptoms via the microbiota-gut-brain (MGB) axis. Depression is characterized by gut microbiota alterations, including reduced alpha and beta diversity, depletion of beneficial taxa (e.g., Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus, and Coprococcus), and overgrowth of pro-inflammatory and pathogenic bacteria (e.g., Morganella, Klebsiella, and Enterobacteriaceae). Metagenomic analyses reveal disrupted metabolic functions in depressive patients, such as diminished synthesis of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), impaired tryptophan metabolism, and dysregulated bile acid conversion. For instance, Bifidobacterium longum deficiency correlates with reduced synthesis of neuroactive metabolites like homovanillic acid, while decreased Coprococcus abundance limits butyrate production, exacerbating neuroinflammation. Furthermore, elevated levels of indole derivatives from Clostridium species inhibit serotonin (5-HT) synthesis, contributing to depressive phenotypes. These dysbiotic profiles disrupt the MGB axis, triggering systemic inflammation, neurotransmitter imbalances, and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis hyperactivity. Exercise exerts profound effects on gut microbiota composition, diversity, and metabolic activity. Longitudinal studies demonstrate that sustained aerobic exercise increases alpha diversity, enriches SCFA-producing genera (e.g., Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, Roseburia, and Akkermansia), and suppresses pathobionts (e.g., Desulfovibrio and Streptococcus). For example, a meta-analysis of 25 trials involving 1 044 participants confirmed that exercise enhances microbial richness and restores the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio, a biomarker of metabolic health. Notably, endurance training promotes Veillonella proliferation, which converts lactate into propionate, enhancing energy metabolism and delaying fatigue. Exercise also strengthens intestinal barrier integrity by upregulating tight junction proteins (e.g., ZO-1, occludin), thereby reducing lipopolysaccharide (LPS) translocation and systemic inflammation. However, excessive exercise may paradoxically diminish microbial diversity and exacerbate intestinal permeability, highlighting the importance of moderate intensity and duration. Exercise ameliorates depressive symptoms through multifaceted interactions with the gut microbiota, primarily via 4 interconnected pathways. First, exercise mitigates neuroinflammation by elevating anti-inflammatory SCFAs such as butyrate, which suppresses NF-κB signaling to attenuate microglial activation and oxidative stress in the hippocampus. Animal studies demonstrate that voluntary wheel running reduces hippocampal TNF‑α and IL-17 levels in stress-induced depression models, while fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) from exercised mice reverses depressive behaviors by modulating the TLR4/NF‑κB pathway. Second, exercise regulates neurotransmitter dynamics by enriching GABA-producing Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium, thereby counteracting neuronal hyperexcitability. Aerobic exercise also enhances the abundance of Lactobacillus plantarum and Streptococcus thermophilus, which facilitate 5-HT and dopamine synthesis. Clinical trials reveal that 12 weeks of moderate exercise increases fecal Coprococcus and Blautia abundance, correlating with improved 5-HT bioavailability and reduced depression scores. Third, exercise normalizes HPA axis hyperactivity by reducing cortisol levels and restoring glucocorticoid receptor sensitivity. In rodent models, chronic stress-induced corticosterone elevation is reversed by probiotic supplementation (e.g., Lactobacillus), which enhances endocannabinoid signaling and hippocampal neurogenesis. Furthermore, exercise upregulates brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) via microbial metabolites like butyrate, promoting histone acetylation and synaptic plasticity. FMT experiments confirm that exercise-induced microbiota elevates prefrontal BDNF expression, reversing stress-induced neuronal atrophy. Fourth, exercise reshapes microbial metabolic crosstalk, diverting tryptophan metabolism toward 5-HT synthesis instead of neurotoxic kynurenine derivatives. Butyrate inhibits indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO), a key enzyme in the kynurenine pathway linked to depression. Concurrently, exercise-induced Akkermansia enrichment enhances mucin production, fortifies the gut barrier, and reduces LPS-driven neuroinflammation. Collectively, these mechanisms underscore exercise as a potent modulator of the microbiota-gut-brain axis, offering a holistic approach to alleviating depression through microbial and neurophysiological synergy. Current evidence supports exercise as a potent adjunct therapy for depression, with personalized regimens (e.g., aerobic, resistance, or yoga) tailored to individual microbiota profiles. However, challenges remain in optimizing exercise prescriptions (intensity, duration, and type) and integrating them with probiotics, prebiotics, or FMT for synergistic effects. Future research should prioritize large-scale randomized controlled trials to validate causality, multi-omics approaches to decipher MGB axis dynamics, and mechanistic studies exploring microbial metabolites as therapeutic targets. The authors advocate for a paradigm shift toward microbiota-centric interventions, emphasizing the bidirectional relationship between physical activity and gut ecosystem resilience in mental health management. In conclusion, this review underscores exercise as a multifaceted modulator of the gut-brain axis, offering novel insights into non-pharmacological strategies for depression. By bridging microbial ecology, neuroimmunology, and exercise physiology, this work lays a foundation for precision medicine approaches targeting the gut microbiota to alleviate depressive disorders.

The prevalence of Class III malocclusion varies among different countries and regions. The populations from Southeast Asian countries (Chinese and Malaysian) showed the highest prevalence rate of 15.8%, which can seriously affect oral function, facial appearance, and mental health. As anterior crossbite tends to worsen with growth, early orthodontic treatment can harness growth potential to normalize maxillofacial development or reduce skeletal malformation severity, thereby reducing the difficulty and shortening the treatment cycle of later-stage treatment. This is beneficial for the physical and mental growth of children. Therefore, early orthodontic treatment for Class III malocclusion is particularly important. Determining the optimal timing for early orthodontic treatment requires a comprehensive assessment of clinical manifestations, dental age, and skeletal age, and can lead to better results with less effort. Currently, standardized treatment guidelines for early orthodontic treatment of Class III malocclusion are lacking. This review provides a comprehensive summary of the etiology, clinical manifestations, classification, and early orthodontic techniques for Class III malocclusion, along with systematic discussions on selecting early treatment plans. The purpose of this expert consensus is to standardize clinical practices and improve the treatment outcomes of Class III malocclusion through early orthodontic treatment.
Humans ; Malocclusion, Angle Class III/classification* ; Orthodontics, Corrective/methods* ; Consensus ; Child

Objective:To explore the assessment value of quantitative parameters of dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging(DCE-MRI)and tumor markers in assessing the curative effect of neoadjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer.Methods:A total of 75 patients with breast cancer who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy combined with surgical intervention in Jining No.1 People's Hospital from May 2019 to May 2022 were selected,and they were divided into effective group(54 cases)and ineffective group(21 cases)according to the Response Evaluation Criteria In Solid Tumour(RECIST).The Ve,Kep and Ktrans of DCE-MRI quantitative parameters and CEA,CA125 and CA15-3 levels of tumor markers between two groups were compared before and after chemotherapy,and the receiver operating characteristics(ROC)curve was adopted to analyze the predictive efficiency of each diagnostic method.Results:After chemotherapy,the differences of the Ve,Kep and Ktrans of quantitative parameters between the two groups were significant(t=7.237,51.695,16.879,P<0.05),respectively.The differences of the CEA,CA125 and CA15-3 of tumor markers between two groups were significant(t=44.201,6.736,6.885,P<0.05),respectively.The AUC value of combined prediction of 6 indicators included Ve,Kep,Ktrans,CEA,CA125 and CA15-3 was 0.979 in predicting the curative effect of neoadjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer,which was significantly higher than the AUC value of each alone indicator,and the differences of them were statistically significant(Z=2.993,2.679,2.510,2.731,3.215,3.071,P<0.05),respectively.Conclusion:The combination of tumor markers and DCE-MRI quantitative parameters can better predict the curative effect of neoadjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer,which can indirectly assess the prognosis.

Objective To investigate the protective effect and mechanism of acellular nerve allografts(ANA)combined with electroacupuncture on spinal ganglia in rats with sciatic nerve injury(SNI).Methods Totally 50 male adult SD rats were randomly selected for this experiment.Ten rats were prepared for the ANA.Forty male SD rats were randomly divided into normal group,model group,ANA group and combinational group,with 10 rats in each group.The SNI model was established by cutting off the nerves 10 mm at the 5 mm on the inferior border of piriformis after separating the right sciatic nerves.The rats in the ANA group were bridged with ANA to the two broken ends of injured nerves.The rats in the combinational group were treated with electroacupuncture 2 days after ANA bridging,Huantiao(GB30)and Yanglingquan(GB34)were performed as the acupuncture points,each electroacupuncture lasted 15 minutes and 7 days as a course of treatment,4 courses in all.Sciatic nerve conduction velocity was measured by electrophysiology to evaluate the regeneration of damaged axons.Morphology of spinal ganglia was observed by Nissl staining.The expression of nerve growth factor(NGF)and brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF)were detected by Western blotting and immunofluorescent staining.Results Compared with the normal group,the sciatic nerve conduction velocity in model group decreased significantly(P<0.01),Nissl bodies in neurons of spinal ganglia were swollen and dissolved,with incomplete structure and the number decreased dramatically(P<0.01),while the level of NGF and BDNF also decreased significantly(P<0.01).Compared with the model group,the sciatic nerve conduction velocity in ANA and combinational groups strongly increased(P<0.01),the damage of Nissl bodies in neurons of spinal ganglia reduced and the number obviously increased(P<0.01),the level of NGF and BDNF increased considerably(P<0.01).Compared with the ANA group,the sciatic nerve conduction velocity in combinational group increased significantly(P<0.01),the morphology of Nissl bodies in neurons of spinal ganglia were more regular and the number increased(P<0.01),moreover,the level of NGF also increased significantly(P<0.01).Conclusion ANA combined with electroacupuncture can enhance the sciatic nerve conduction velocity,improve the morphology of neurons in spinal ganglia and play a protective effect on spinal ganglia.The mechanism can be related to the higher expression of NGF and BDNF proteins,especially the expression of NGF protein.

Objective:To investigate the effect of progression of disease within 24 months(POD24)on overall survival(OS)in patients with mantle cell lymphoma(MCL),and compare the clinical characteristics between POD24 and non-POD24 patients.Methods:A retrospective analysis was performed on 50 MCL patients with treatment indications and regular treatment who were admitted to the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University from January 2010 to August 2020.According to the occurrence of POD24,the patients were grouped for prognostic evaluation and clinical characteristics comparison.Results:Univariate Cox regression analysis showed that POD24,PLT,albumin,MIPI score,ECOG PS score,LDH were the factors influencing OS in newly diagnosed MCL patients(all P＜0.05).The results of multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that POD24[HR=16.797(95％CI:3.671-76.861),P＜0.001],albumin＜40 g/L[HR=3.238(95％CI:1.095-9.572),P=0.034]and ECOG PS score≥2[HR=4.005(95％CI:1.033-15.521),P=0.045]were independent risk factors influencing OS in MCL patients.The incidence of PLT＜100 × 109/L(33.3％vs 5.9％,P=0.033)and ECOG PS score≥2(45.5％vs 5.9％,P=0.040)were significantly higher in POD24 patients than those in non-POD24 patients.Conclusion:POD24 is an independent poor prognostic factor affecting the OS of MCL patients,and the patients with PLT＜100 × 109/L and ECOG PS score ≥2 at diagnosis have a higher probability of POD24.

Objective:To investigate the effect of endothelial activation and stress index(EASIX)on the prognosis of patients with angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma(AITL)and peripheral T-cell lymphoma,not otherwise specified(PTCL-NOS),and to compare the clinical characteristics of patients in the low EASIX and high EASIX groups.Methods:The clinical data of 59 newly diagnosed AITL and PTCL-NOS patients admitted to the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University from January 2010 to September 2021 were retrospectively analyzed.The optimal cut-off value of EASIX was determined by receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve;The chi-square test was used to analyze the correlation between EASIX and clinical features of patients with AITL and PTCL-NOS;The Kaplan-Meier survival curve was used to analyze the overall survival(OS)and progression-free survival(PFS)of the patients;Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed by using Cox proportional hazards model.Results:The optimal cut-off value of EASIX was 0.95,based on which the patients were divided into a low EASIX(＜0.95)group and a high EASIX(≥ 0.95)group.Compared with the low EASIX group,the high EASIX group had a higher proportion of patients with advanced Ann Arbor stage,higher risk according to IPI,elevated LDH,hypoproteinemia,anemia,B symptoms,extranodal involvement,and bone marrow involvement.Survival analysis showed that the OS and PFS of patients in the high EASIX group were significantly shorter than those in the lower EASIX group(P＜0.001).The multivariate analysis showed that EASIX was an independent risk factor for OS[HR=7.217(95％CI:1.959-26.587),P=0.003]and PFS[HR=2.718(95％CI:1.032-7.161),P=0.043]of PTCL patients.Conclusion:High EASIX in newly diagnosed patients with AITL and PTCL-NOS suggests a poor prognosis,and high EASIX is a risk factor affecting prognosis of the patients.

Two pediatric heart failure patients were treated with pulmonary artery banding(PAB)at Fuwai Hospital,from December 2021 to January 2022.In the first case,an 8-month-old patient presented with left ventricular non-compaction cardiomyopathy(LVNC),left ventricular systolic dysfunction,ventricular septal defect,and atrial septal defect.The second case was a 4-month-old patient with LVNC,left ventricular systolic dysfunction,and coarctation of the aorta.After PAB,the left ventricular function and shape of both patients were significantly improved,without serious surgery-related complications.In these individual cases of pediatric heart failure,pulmonary artery banding exhibited a more satisfactory efficacy and safety compared to pharmacological treatment,especially for those with unsatisfactory medication results.Future clinical data are needed to promote the rational and broader application of this therapeutic option for indicated patients.

Objective:To investigate the neuroprotective effect of hesperidin combined with enriched environment on ferroptosis in collagenase-induced intracerebral hemorrhage(ICH) mouse model as well as the ferroptosis mechanism.Methods:ICH model was established by injecting collagenase Ⅶ into caudate putamen nucleus. Ninty C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into 6 groups according to a random number table: sham group, intracerebral hemorrhage group, enriched environment group, hesperidin group, enriched environment and hesperidin group (combination group), and combination group + Nrf2 specific inhibitor ML385 (inhibitor group), with 15 mice in each group. The mice in inhibitor group, intracerebral hemorrhage group, enriched environment group, hesperidin group and combination group were injected with 0.5 μL collagenase type Ⅶ solution (0.075 U/μL, dissolved with 0.9% NaCl solutin) for ICH modeling, and the mice in sham group were injected with 0.9% normal saline. The hesperidin group, combination group, and inhibitor group were given hesperidin solution (dissolved in 0.5% carboxymethyl cellulose sodium) by gavage within 6 hours after the modeling surgery. The sham group, intracerebral hemorrhage group, and enriched environment group were given equal volumes of 0.5% carboxymethyl cellulose sodium solution by gavage. The inhibitor group was intraperitoneally injected with Nrf2 specific inhibitor ML385 (30 mg/kg, dissolved in 5% DMSO), while the other groups were intraperitoneally injected with an equal volume of 5% DMSO. Both gastric perfusion and intraperitoneal injection were completed within 6 hours after the end of modeling operation, once a day for 14 days. After the postoperative recovery of the mice, the enriched environment group, combination group, and inhibitor group were placed in enriched environment cages, while the sham group, intracerebral hemorrhage group, and hesperidin group were placed in regular cages. After all intervention were completed, all mice were evaluated using the modified neurological severity score (mNSS). Then the mice were subjected to brain water content detection, Prussian blue staining, ELISA detection of changes in malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), reactive oxygen species (ROS), glutathione peroxidase 4 (Gpx4), PCR and Western blot detection of nuclear factor E2 related factor 2 (Nrf2) and Gpx4 at the mRNA level and protein level. The GraphPad Prism 9 software was used for statistical analysis. ANOVA was used for multi-group comparison, and Tukey test was used for multiple comparisons.Results:(1) There was a statistically significant difference in mNSS scores among the 6 groups ( F=66.35, P<0.001). The mNSS score of the intracerebral hemorrhage group(8.00±1.46) was higher than that of the sham group(0.86±0.83)( P<0.05). The mNSS scores of the enriched environment group (6.47±1.13) and hesperidin group (6.13±1.25) were lower than that of the intracerebral hemorrhage group, but higher than that of the combination group (4.53±1.30)(all P<0.05). (2) There was a statistically significant difference in the percentage of brain water content among the 6 groups ( F=33.29, P<0.001). The percentage of brain water content in the intracerebral hemorrhage group was higher than that in the sham group.The percentage of brain water content in the enriched environment group and hesperidin group were lower than that in the intracerebral hemorrhage group, but higher than that in the combination group (all P<0.05). (3) The result of Prussian blue staining showed that iron deposition in the intracerebral hemorrhage group was higher than that in the sham group, while the iron depositions in the enriched environment group and hesperidin groups were lower than that in the intracerebral hemorrhage group, but higher than that in the combination group(all P<0.05). (4) There were statistically significant differences in the expression levels of Nrf2 and Gpx4 mRNA and protein among the 6 groups ( F=27.73, 31.24, 26.79, 13.79, all P<0.001). The mRNA and protein levels of Nrf2 and Gpx4 in the combination group were higher than those in the enriched environment group, hesperidin group, but higher than those in the inhibitor group(all P<0.05). (5) The results of ELISA showed that the levels of MDA, Gpx4, ROS, and SOD in the brain tissues of 6 groups were statistically significant ( F=111.20, 21.53, 29.45, 22.75, all P<0.001). Among them, the MDA and ROS in the combination group ((14.05±0.57) nmol/mL, (75.46±3.40) ng/mL) were lower than those in the enriched environment group ((18.17±2.51) nmol/mL, (97.23±3.43) ng/mL), hesperidin group ((17.24±0.68) nmol/mL, (90.02±9.46) ng/mL) and the inhibitor group ((17.08±0.64) nmol/mL, (101.07±3.38) ng/mL), while Gpx4 and SOD ((340.40±31.21) pg/mL, (62.55±2.81) ng/mL) were higher than those in the enriched environment group ((267.81±27.17) pg/mL, (50.47±8.38) ng/mL), hesperidin group ((271.55±34.36) pg/mL, (50.55±8.19) ng/mL) and the inhibitor group ((235.65±72.54)pg/mL, (52.67±3.56)ng/mL)(all P<0.05). Conclusion:Enriched environment and hesperidin can inhibit ferroptosis after ICH by activating the Nrf2/GPX4 pathway, exerting neuroprotective effects on ICH mouse models, and the combined treatment of the enriched environment and hesperidin has a more significant effect.