Background: and Purpose Accurately predicting long-term functional outcomes of basilar artery occlusion (BAO) remains challenging. We compared the predictive performance of the baseline, 24-hour, and 72-hour National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) scores for 90-day BAO functional outcomes using the Acute Basilar Artery Occlusion: Endovascular Thrombectomy versus Standard Medical Treatment (ATTENTION) trial data. We identified the optimal assessment time point, determined treatment-specific NIHSS cutoff values, and explored the role of early neurological function in treatment effects. Methods: This retrospective post hoc analysis included 324 patients with acute BAO with baseline NIHSS scores ≥10 and complete NIHSS assessments at each time point. The primary outcome was a favorable 90-day functional outcome (modified Rankin Scale score, 0–3). Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was used to assess the predictive ability of NIHSS scores. The optimal 72-hour NIHSS predictive cutoff values were determined for the endovascular treatment (EVT) and best medical management (BMM) subgroups. Results: The 72-hour NIHSS score showed the highest predictive accuracy for the primary outcome (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve [AUC]: 0.954), outperforming the 24-hour (AUC: 0.903) and baseline (AUC: 0.688) scores; its optimal predictive cut-off value was ≤11 in the EVT group (sensitivity: 85.6%, specificity: 92.9%, positive predictive value [PPV]: 91.8%, negative predictive value [NPV]: 87.4%) and ≤9 in the BMM group (sensitivity: 84.6%, specificity: 95.1%, PPV: 84.6%, NPV: 95.1%). Conclusions The 72-hour NIHSS score outperformed the baseline and 24-hour scores in predicting 90-day functional outcomes and mediating the effects of EVT. Treatment-specific 72-hour NIHSS cut-off values may guide early risk stratification and prognostic assessments.

Background/Aims: Liver transplantation (LT) following total hepatectomy is a life-saving treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The HCC recurrence after LT hinders the effectiveness of the procedure. The objective of this study is to develop a pre-operative risk stratification model based on a liquid biopsy. Methods: We conducted a comprehensive multi-omics study of 260 HCC patients from three centers, including clinical data, low-coverage whole-genome sequencing of cell-free DNA (cfDNA) from plasma, as well as whole-exome, single-nucleus RNA, and spatial transcriptomics from matched tumor and non-tumor tissues. Results: We identified cfDNA-derived copy number alteration (CNA) signatures associated with post-transplant recurrence. By integrating cfDNA-derived CNA profiles with single-cell transcriptomic data, we traced recurrence-associated cfDNA to a distinct subpopulation of malignant cells within the primary tumor. These cells were embedded in a pro-metastatic microenvironment of specialized endothelial subtypes and cancer-associated fibroblasts. Notably, most recurrence-associated lesions were detectable in cfDNA prior to liver transplantation (LT). Building on these insights, we developed the ZJU Criteria based on CNA fragments and tumor markers, a pre-LT risk prediction tool that integrates conventional clinical factors with cfDNA-derived CNA signatures, and validated it using internal and independent external cohorts. Conclusion Our findings suggest that post-transplant recurrence commonly originates from advanced subclones that emerge late during tumor evolution. The ZJU Criteria provides an accurate, non-invasive strategy that significantly improves pre-LT risk stratification and clinical decision-making for patients with HCC.

Objective To explore the correlation between gallbladder stones and small intestinal bacterial overgrowth(SIBO).Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 393 patients who attended the Department of Gastroenterology of the Sixth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital from January 2021 to September 2023.They were divided into gallbladder stones group(n=190)and control group(n=203)based on the presence of gallbladder stones.Their general clinical data,laboratory test results,and abdominal symptoms were compared.Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the risk factors for gallbladder stones.Additionally,the total population was divided into SIBO-positive group(n=239)and SIBO-negative group(n=154),and their clinical characteristics were analyzed by logistic regression to explore the risk factors for SIBO.Results Univariate analysis revealed that gallbladder stones group had a higher rate of age,body mass index(BMI),fasting plasma glucose(FPG),glutaminase levels,prevalence of hypertension,diabetes,coronary heart disease,non-alcoholic fatty liver disease,gallbladder polyps,and SIBO,as well as a higher prevalence of CH4-positive and H2-positive in SIBO group than control group(P＜0.05).In terms of abdominal symptoms,the incidence of bad breath(48.4%vs.35.5%),dyspepsia(38.4%vs.28.6%),abdominal pain(30.5%vs.14.8%),bloating(42.1%vs.28.6%),diarrhea(20.5%vs.7.4%),and more exhaustion(46.8%vs.34.5%)were significantly higher in gallbladder stones group than those in control group(P＜0.05).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that independent positive determinants for incident gallbladder stones were age,BMI,FPG,total bilirubin(TBIL),coronary heart disease,gallbladder polyps,and SIBO.Univariate analysis revealed that age,prevalence of gallbladder stones,proportion of single stones,triglycerides(TG),total cholesterol(TC),and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C)were significantly higher in SIBO-positive group than those in SIBO-negative group(P＜0.05).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the risk factors for SIBO were age,coronary heart disease,and gallbladder stones,while the protective factor for SIBO was high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C).Conclusion There is a significant correlation between gallbladder stones and small SIBO;interventions on related factors of gallbladder stones and small SIBO may help reduce their incidence.

ObjectiveTo investigate the anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and goblet cell-stimulating effects of a suspension of Ophiopogon japonicus (L. f.) Ker Gawl. (O. japonicus, Mai Dong) extract combined with hyaluronic acid (HA) in the mouse model with dry eye disease (DED).MethodsA DED mouse model was induced using benzalkonium chloride (BAK), followed by treatment with O. japonicus extract-containing eye drops at varying concentrations. Experimental groups included a normal control, a DED model control, a positive control, and an O. japonicus extract-treated group. Corneal fluorescein staining and tear break-up time (TBUT) were used to assess tear film stability and ocular surface integrity. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) measured inflammatory factor levels in corneal and conjunctival tissues, whereas Western blot (WB) analyzed key antioxidant and inflammatory markers, including nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor (2Nrf2) and heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1). Periodic acid-schiff (PAS) staining and immunofluorescence were used to evaluate goblet cell density and mucin secretion.ResultsO. japonicus extract significantly improved corneal damage, reduced fluorescein staining scores, prolonged TBUT, and increased tear secretion. It downregulated inflammatory markers, including interleukin-8 (IL-8), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) while upregulating Nrf2, HO-1, and the interleukin-13 (IL-13)/IFN-γ ratio, alleviating oxidative stress and inflammation. PAS staining showed increased conjunctival goblet cell density and restored mucin secretion, enhancing tear film stability.ConclusionO. japonicus extract demonstrated significant anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and goblet cell-stimulating effects in a DED model, with good biocompatibility and promising therapeutic potential. Future research should optimize extraction processes and validate their efficacy and safety in clinical settings.

AIM To investigate the repair effects of tauroursodeoxycholic acid(TUDCA)combined with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells(BMSCs)transplantation on spinal cord injury(SCI)in rats.METHODS The rats were randomly divided into the sham operation group,the model group,the TUDCA group,the BMSCs transplantation group and the combination therapy of TUDCA and BMSCs transplantation group,with the SCI rat model established by Allen's method.The next day after modeling,the rats of TUDCA and combination therapy groups were given 200 mg/kg TUDCA by gavage.On the 3rd day after modeling,rats in BMSCs transplantation group and combination therapy group were injected with 1 mL tuned bone marrow BMSCs(the 3rd generation,1× 106/mL)via tail vein.Rats in the sham operation group and the model group were given gastric perfusion of normal saline and injection of 1 mL PBS through tail vein.On the 3rd,7th and 14th day after modeling,the rats had their motor function of hind limbs observed and BBB score determined.After the corresponding drug administration,the rats had their movement track of hind limbs recorded by footprint experiment;their the protein expressions of IL-6,IL-10,Arg-1,PI3K and Akt in spinal cord tissue detected by Western blot;their pathological changes of spinal cord tissue observed by HE staining and Nissl staining;and their expressions of MAP2,GAP43 and GFAP detected by immunofluorescence staining.RESULTS Compared with the model group,the groups intervened with TUDCA,or BMSCs transplantation,or combination therapy shared improved hind limb function and spinal cord histomorphology(P＜0.05);increased fluorescence intensity of MAP2 and GAP43,and protein expressions of IL-10,Arg-1,p-PI3K and p-Akt(P＜0.05);decreased fluorescence intensity of GFAP and IL-6 protein expressions(P＜0.05);among which the combination therapy group took the lead(P＜0.05).CONCLUSION The combination therapy of TUDCA and BMSCs transplantation may restore the function of the rat model of SCI by reducing inflammatory reaction,alleviating secondary injury,and promoting axon and myelin regeneration via PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.

Objective:To investigate the expression levels and clinical significance of miR-627 and miR-448 in colorectal cancer tissues.Methods:Ninety-eight patients with colorectal cancer admitted to Xi’an Jiaotong University Affiliated Red Cross Hospital from Apr. 2019 to Apr. 2021 were gathered. Colorectal cancer tissue and adjacent tissues were collected during surgery, and the expression levels of miR-627 and miR-448 were detected by qRT-PCR. According to postoperative follow-up, patients were separated into a good prognosis group and a poor prognosis group. Kaplan-Meier survival curve was applied to analyze the relationship between miR-627, miR-448 and the prognosis of colorectal cancer patients. ROC curve was plotted to analyze the predictive value of miR-627 and miR-448 for poor prognosis in colorectal cancer. The prognostic factors of colorectal cancer patients were analyzed using COX regression.Results:There was a difference in the expression levels of miR-627 and miR-448 between colorectal cancer tissue and adjacent tissues ( P<0.05). The expression of miR-627 and miR-448 in colorectal cancer tissue was related to clinical features (TNM stage, differentiation degree, lymph node metastasis, and depth of infiltration) ( P<0.05). The survival rate of patients with high expression of miR-627 was higher than that of patients with low expression ( χ2=10.050, P<0.05); the survival rate of patients with high expression of miR-448 was higher than that of patients with low expression ( χ2=9.033, P<0.05). The expression levels of miR-627 and miR-448 in the poor prognosis group were greatly lower than those in the good prognosis group ( P<0.05). According to the ROC curve, the AUC of miR-627 in predicting poor prognosis of colorectal cancer was 0.811, the AUC of miR-448 in predicting poor prognosis of colorectal cancer was 0.772, and the AUC of combination of the two in predicting poor prognosis of colorectal cancer was 0.859. The combination of the two was better than their individual predictions (Z combination vs. miR-627=2.538, Z combination vs. miR-448=2.572, P<0.05). Multivariate COX regression found that miR-627, miR-448, and clinical features (TNM stage, degree of differentiation, lymph node metastasis, and depth of infiltration) were risk factors affecting the prognosis of colorectal cancer patients ( P<0.05) . Conclusion:The expression levels of miR-627 and miR-448 in colorectal cancer tissues were greatly reduced. The combination of the two is related to the clinical characteristics and prognosis of patients, and can greatly improve the predictive value for prognosis of colorectal cancer patients.

AIM To investigate the promotional effects of esculin combined with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells(BM-MSCs)transplantation on the repair of spinal cord injury(SCI)in rats.METHODS The rats were randomly divided into the sham operation group,the model group,the esculin group for gavage of 20 mg/kg esculin,the BM-MSCs group for tail vein injection of 1 mL of 1×106/mL BM-MSCs,and the combinaiton treatment group.The SCI rat model was established using Allen's method,followed by the 14 days consecutive corresponding drug administration starting from the 2nd day after modeling.On days 3,7 and 14 of drug administration,the rats had their hind limbs motor function evaluated by the BBB scoring;and their footprint experiment conducted on the 14th day after modeling.After 14 days of administration,the rats had their morphological changes of spinal cord tissue observed with HE staining and Nissl staining;their activities of SOD and GSH,and level of MDA in spinal cord tissue detected by kits;their expressions of MAP2,GAP43 and GFAP in spinal cord tissue detected by immunofluorescence;and their expressions of NQO-1,Nrf-2,Bcl-2 and Bax proteins in spinal cord tissue detected by Western blot.RESULTS Compared with the model group,the groups interved with esculin,or BM-MSCs,or the combination treatment showed improvements in hind limb function and spinal cord tissue morphology(P＜0.05);decreased MDA levels(P＜0.05);increased SOD and GSH activities(P＜0.05);increased MAP2 and GAP43 fluorescence intensity(P＜0.05);decreased GFAP fluorescence intensity(P＜0.05);increased NQO-1,Nrf-2 and Bcl-2 protein expressions(P＜0.05);and decreased Bax protein expression(P＜0.05).And the combination treatment group was observed with an even better effects(P＜0.05).CONCLUSION The combination of esculin and BM-MSCs transplantation can effectively improve the spinal cord tissue damage and hind limb function in SCI rats.This effect may be achieved by activating the Nrf-2/NQO-1 signaling pathway to inhibit oxidative stress response,thereby reducing neuronal apoptosis,blocking glial scar formation,and promoting stem cell differentiation to rebuild neurons.

Objective:To investigate the impact of evaluating the alcohol intake on all-cause mortality in patients with metabolic-associated fatty liver disease（MAFLD）and metabolic dysfunction and alcohol-related liver disease（MetALD）.Method:The retrospective study included patients aged 20 to 74 years with hepatic steatosis diagnosed by ultrasound，with data from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey（NHANES III）between 1988 and 1994. Participants were categorized into light，moderate，and heavy drinking groups according to daily alcohol intake. Multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios（aHR）and their 95% confidence intervals（ CI）were calculated by Cox proportional risk regression modeling to assess the effect of alcohol intake on all-cause mortality. Results:A total of 2 322 patients were included in the study. Males accounted for 50.2%（1 166/2 322），with a age of 42.0（31.3，57.0）years，a median follow-up of 316.0（270.0，337.0）months，and an all-cause mortality rate of 1.48% per person-year. There were 1，763 cases in the light drinking group，333 in the moderate drinking group，and 226 in the heavy drinking group.The all-cause mortality rates for patients in the three drinking groups were 1.38%，1.67%，and 2.10% per person-year，respectively. The moderate（a HR=1.37，95% CI：1.12 to 1.67， P=0.002）and heavy（a HR=1.45，95% CI：1.17 to 1.80， P=0.001）drinking groups were independently associated with increased all-cause mortality following covariate adjustment. There was a difference in all-cause mortality for alcohol intake in non-type 2 diabetes mellitus（T2DM）patients under 60 years of age（ P<0.05），but the difference was not statistically significant between non-T2DM patients over 60 years of age and T2DM patients of all ages（ P>0.05）according to the analysis of diabetes status and age subgroups. Conclusion:Alcohol intake has a dose-dependent negative effect on patients with MAFLD and MetALD. The risk of all-cause mortality increased significantly with increasing alcohol intake.

Objective To explore the characteristics of oropharyngeal metabolites of postoperative pneumonia(POP)and non-POP patients with gastric cancer by non-targeted metabolomics,and to provide reference for revea-ling the pathogenesis as well as clinical prevention and control.Methods Oropharyngeal swabs were collected from patients who underwent surgical treatment for gastric cancer in the department of gastrointestinal surgery of a tertia-ry hospital in Fujian Province from January 2022 to December 2023,nested case-control study was adopted,with 30 cases in POP group and non-POP group,respectively,ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(UHPLC-MS/MS)technique was adopted for detection,and multivariate statistical analysis was per-formed.Results The metabolites of POP group and non-POP group preoperatively,POP group and non-POP group postoperatively,POP group preoperatively and postoperatively,as well as non-POP group preoperatively and post-operatively did not show a clear trend of separation on the score graph of principal component analysis(PCA),par-tial least squares discriminant analysis(PLS-DA),and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis(OPLS-DA),but the screening of the differential metabolites revealed that the relative abundances of ascorbic acid and lipoic acid in the POP group preoperatively were lower than non-POP group preoperatively.The relative abundance of 5'-adenylic acid in the POP group preoperatively was lower than postoperatively,while the relative abundances of suc-cinic acid and phenylacetaldehyde were higher.There were differences in metabolic pathways such as phenylalanine.Conclusion Alteration of metabolite level due to abnormalities in specific metabolic pathways presents in the deve-lopment of gastric cancer POP and may be related to the development of POP.

Food,drug and environment related cases are becoming more and more frequent,and the demand for on-site rapid detection is also increasing.Nanozymes are nanomaterials with enzyme-like catalytic activity,which have the advantages of high catalytic efficiency,good stability,economy,adjustability,multifunctionality and large-scale preparation.The colorimetric sensing technology based on nanozymes combined with smart phones has wide range of applications in the field of food,drugs and environment detection,and is expected to become an important means for relevant departments to combat crime.This paper summarized the progresses of nanozymes in the field of environmental,food and drug crime(EFDC)detection,focusing on the detection mechanism of different types of nanozymes and the current status of research on the detection of EFDC,and prospected the future development of nanozymes.The possible future prospects of machine learning(ML)in the field of nanozymes colorimetric sensing technology and the challenges in detection of EFDC were also discussed.