Aim To screen and study the effects of Tao Hong Si Wu decoction(THSWD)-mediated treat-ment on circular RNA(circRNA)expression profiles in rats with middle cerebral artery occlusion(MCAO),and investigate the possible roles and molecular mecha-nisms of THSWD.Methods Next-generation RNA sequencing was conducted to identify circRNA expres-sion profiles in MCAO rats after treatment with THSWD and compared with the MCAO model group and control group.Bioinformatics analysis was performed to predict the potential target microRNAs and mRNAs.Gene On-tology(GO)and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)pathway analyses for the potential target mRNAs were applied to explore the potential roles of differentially expressed circRNAs.RT-qPCR was performed to verify circRNAs with significant differences in expression.Results We identified 87 significantly differentially expressed circRNAs between the MCAO group versus the control group,and 86 sig-nificantly differentially expressed circRNAs between the MCAO group versus the THSWD group.respective-ly.Among them,17 circRNAs induced by the MCAO model were reversed via treatment with THSWD.To demonstrate the roles of mRNAs targeted by DECs,the GO and KEGG databases were used.Further analysis revealed that five circRNAs may play important roles in the development of MCAO.Conclusions The com-prehensive expression profile of circRNAs in rats with middle cerebral artery occlusion after THSWD treat-ment is determined for the first time,suggesting that the therapeutic effect of THSWD on MCAO may be a-chieved by regulating the expression of circRNAs.

To explore the genetic diversity of Asarum sieboldii this study developed SSR markers based on transcriptome sequencing results and five populations of A.sieboldii from different regions were used as samples for genetic diversity assessment using software such as GenALEx 6.5, NTSYS 2.1, and Structure 2.3.4. The results showed that 16 SSR markers with high polymorphism and good repeatability were selected from the A.sieboldii transcriptome. Primers designed based on the flanking sequences of these markers successfully amplified 56 polymorphic fragments from 150 individual samples of the five A.sieboldii populations. On average, each primer amplified 3.5 polymorphic fragments, ranging from 2 to 8. The mean values of expected heterozygosity(H_e), Shannon's diversity index(I), Nei's gene diversity index(H), and the polymorphic information content(PIC) were 0.172, 0.281, 0.429, and 0.382, respectively. The mean population differentiation coefficient(F_(ST)) was 0.588, consistent with the analysis of molecular variance(AMOVA) results, which indicated greater genetic variation among A.sieboldii populations(69%) than that within populations(31%). The percentage of polymorphic loci(PPL) ranged from highest to lowest as SNJ>LN>SY>SZ>TB. Principal coordinate analysis(PCoA) and UPGMA clustering analysis further revealed genetic clustering of A.sieboldii individuals based on their geographical distribution, consistent with the results of the structure clustering analysis. In summary, the SSR markers developed from the transcriptome effectively assessed the genetic differentiation and population structure of natural A.sieboldii populations, revealing a relatively low genetic diversity in A.sieboldii, with genetic variation primarily observed at the population level and a correlation between population differentiation and geographic distance.
Humans ; Genetic Variation ; Asarum ; Transcriptome/genetics* ; Microsatellite Repeats/genetics* ; Phylogeny

Objective To explore the potential biological functions and prognostic prediction values of non-apoptotic regulated cell death genes (NARCDs) in lung adenocarcinoma.Methods Transcriptome data of lung adenocarcinoma were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas and Gene Expression Omnibus databases. We identified differentially expressed NARCDs between lung adenocarcinoma tissues and normal tissues with R software. NARCDs signature was constructed with univariate Cox regression analysis and the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator Cox regression. The prognostic predictive capacity of NARCDs signature was assessed by Kaplan-Meier survival curve, receiver operating characteristic curve, and univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses. Functional enrichment of NARCDs signature was analyzed with gene set variation analysis, Gene Ontology, and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes. In addition, differences in tumor mutational burden, tumor microenvironment, tumor immune dysfunction and exclusion score, and chemotherapeutic drug sensitivity were analyzed between the high and low NARCDs score groups. Finally, a protein-protein interaction network of NARCDs and immune-related genes was constructed by STRING and Cytoscape software. Results We identified 34 differentially expressed NARCDs associated with the prognosis, of which 16 genes (ATIC, AURKA, CA9, ITGB4, DDIT4, CDK5R1, CAV1, RRM2, GAPDH, SRXN1, NLRC4, GLS2, ADRB2, CX3CL1, GDF15, and ADRA1A) were selected to construct a NARCDs signature. NARCDs signature was identified as an independent prognostic factor (P < 0.001). Functional analysis showed that there were significant differences in mismatch repair, p53 signaling pathway, and cell cycle between the high NARCDs score group and low NARCDs score group (all P < 0.05). The NARCDs low score group had lower tumor mutational burden, higher immune score, higher tumor immune dysfunction and exclusion score, and lower drug sensitivity (all P < 0.05). In addition, the 10 hub genes (CXCL5, TLR4, JUN, IL6, CCL2, CXCL2, ILA, IFNG, IL33, and GAPDH) in protein-protein interaction network of NARCDs and immune-related genes were all immune-related genes. Conclusion The NARCDs prognostic signature based on the above 16 genes is an independent prognostic factor, which can effectively predict the clinical prognosis of patients of lung adenocarcinoma and provide help for clinical treatment.
Humans ; Prognosis ; Apoptosis ; Regulated Cell Death ; Adenocarcinoma of Lung/genetics* ; Lung Neoplasms/genetics* ; Tumor Microenvironment

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinical efficacy of acupuncture at different timings in acute stage for limb dysfunction in patients with cerebral infarction. METHODS: A total of 101 patients with cerebral infarction limb dysfunction were divided into an early exposure group ( RESULTS: Compared before treatment, the mRS grade at 30 and 60 days after onset in the early exposure group was improved ( CONCLUSION The timing of acupuncture is an independent factor affecting the disability status and limb motor dysfunction in patients with cerebral infarction, and the effect of early intervention may be better than late intervention.
Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Cerebral Infarction/therapy* ; Humans ; Pilot Projects ; Prospective Studies ; Stroke ; Treatment Outcome

Aim To study the biliary excretion characteristics of berberine,palmatine and jateorhizine in rat hepatocytes.Methods Berberine,palmatine and jateorhizine were incubated with the sandwich-cultured rat hepatocytes (SCRH) in standard Ca2+ buffer or Ca2+ free buffer.The accumulation of the three compounds under different conditions were measured by UPLC-MS/MS.The biliary excretion index and biliary clearance were calculated,and the effect of P-gp or Mrp2 inhibitor on the transport of three compounds was also investigated.Results While the incubation time increased,the accumulation of the three compounds also increased.There were obvious differences in accumulation of berberine,palmatine and jateorhizine in incubations treated with standard buffer and calcium-free buffer.The P-gp inhibitors ciclosporin A and verapamil could inhibit the biliary excretion of berberine,palmatine and jateorhizine.However,the Mrp2 inhibitors MK571 and probenecid had no effect on biliary excretion of the three compounds.Conclusions The biliary excretion of berberine,palmatine and jateorhizine is mainly through an active process.They are all the P-gp substrates other than Mrp2 substrates.

Objective To observe the efficacy of pinaverium bromide alone or in combination with amitriptyline in the treatment of diarrhea type irritable bowel syndrome ( IBS-D).Methods One hundred and twenty-five patients with IBS -D,aged 18 -65 years,in our hospital from June 2013 to June 2016 were randomly divided into control group (63 cases,treated with pinaverium bromide 50 mg,tid) and treatment group (62 cases, on the basis of control group ,treated with amitriptyline 25 mg,qd).The total effective rate,the stool property and state,and the quality of life were assessed by IBS -bowel symptom severity scale (IBS-BSS),IBS-defecation state questionnaire ( IBS-DSQ) and the IBS-quality of life questionnaire (IBS-QOL) before and 4 weeks after the treatment respectively.Results After treatment,the IBS-BSS efficacy of the control group and the treatment group were 61.90%(39 cases/63 cases) and 85.48%(53 cases/62 cases), respectively, and the di-fference were statistically significant ( P<0.01 ).Total IBS-BSS scores of the control group and the treatment group were (166.32 ±72.75 ), (112.98 ±81.84 )point,respectively;which was significantly decreased in the treatment group (P<0.01).The IBS-DSQ effective rates of the control group and the treatment group were 71.43%(45 cases/63 cases) and 91.94%(57 cases/62 cases),respectively;which was significantly increased in the treatment group than that in the control group (P<0.01).Moreover,the total IBS-QOL integrals were statistically increased in the two groups , with the treatment group more pronounced.Conclusion Pinaverium bromide in combination with amitriptyline could effectively relieve bowel symptoms,improve the stool property and the defecation frequency and thus improve their quality of life ,which has a certain clinical application value .

OBJECTIVETo study the effect of Shenfu Injection (SF) on the apoptosis of prostate cancer PC-3 cells and its possible mechanism.

METHODSWe divided prostate cancer PC-3 cells into a blank control group and three experimental groups, the latter treated with SF at 50, 100, and 200 microl/ml, respectively, for 24, 48, and 72 hours. Then we determined the proliferation of the cells by MTT assay, measured their apoptosis by Annexin V/PI flow cytometry, and detected the expression of P53 mRNA by RT-qPCR.

RESULTSCompared with the blank control group, the survival rates of the prostate cancer PC-3 cells in the 50, 100, and 200 microl/ml SF groups were (93.76 +/- 2.63)%, (81.21 +/- 1.80)% and (18.01 +/- 3.84)% at 24 hours, (94.67 +/-1.11)%, (78.33 +/- 2.89)% and (10.34 +/- 1.44)% at48 hours, and (91.30 +/- 0.47)%, (36.67 +/- 1.56)% and (1.33 +/- 0.32)% at 72 hours, all significantly increased in a dose- and time-dependent manner (P < 0.05). The expression of p53 mRNA was also markedly increased in all the three experimental groups at 48 hours (P < 0. 05).

CONCLUSIONSF can inhibit the proliferation and induce the apoptosis of PC-3 cells, which may due to its upregulation of the p53 mRNA expression.

Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Male ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 ; metabolism

BACKGROUNDThe neurogenic bladder dysfunction caused by spinal cord injury is difficult to treat clinically. The aim of this research was to establish an artificial bladder reflex arc in rats through abdominal reflex pathway above the level of spinal cord injury, reinnervate the neurogenic bladder and restore bladder micturition.

METHODSThe outcome was achieved by intradural microanastomosis of the right T13 ventral root to S2 ventral root with autogenous nerve grafting, leaving the right T13 dorsal root intact. Long-term function of the reflex arc was assessed from nerve electrophysiological data and intravesical pressure tests during 8 months postoperation. Horseradish peroxidase (HRP) tracing was performed to observe the effectiveness of the artificial reflex.

RESULTSSingle stimulus (3 mA, 0.3 ms pulses, 20 Hz, 5-second duration) on the right T13 dorsal root resulted in evoked action potentials, raised intravesical pressures and bladder smooth muscle, compound action potential recorded from the right vesical plexus before and after the spinal cord transaction injury between L5 and S4 segmental in 12 Sprague-Dawley rats. There were HRP labelled cells in T13 ventral horn on the experimental side and in the intermediolateral nucleus on both sides of the L6-S4 segments after HRP injection. There was no HRP labelled cell in T13 ventral horn on the control side.

CONCLUSIONUsing the surviving somatic reflex above the level of spinal cord injury to reconstruct the bladder autonomous reflex arc by intradural microanastomosis of ventral root with a segment of autologous nerve grafting is practical in rats and may have clinical applications for humans.

Anastomosis, Surgical ; Animals ; Atropine ; pharmacology ; Male ; Models, Theoretical ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Reflex, Abdominal ; drug effects ; physiology ; Trimethaphan ; pharmacology ; Urinary Bladder, Neurogenic ; physiopathology

Objective To study the relationship between the distribution of rabies virus and genetic variation,the genetic characterization and variation of rabies virus strains in China were analyzed.Methods The downstream 720 nucleotides of Nucleoprotein (N) gene coding region of the rabies specimens from different areas and host animals were sequenced,and then homology and phylogenesis were analyzed.Results Nucleotide similarities of 34 N gene sequences were 87.5%-100%,and the deduced amino acid similarities were 93.3%-99.6%.Most of the nucleotide variations were synonymous mutations.Conclusion The 34 rabies specimens all belong to genotype Ⅰ and are of regional characteristic.The rabies viruses in high-incidence areas in China are of various origins and present the transmission tendency from high-incidence areas to surrounding regions.There may be cross-infection and mutual spread of rabies virus between wildlife and domestic animals as well as native and foreign animals.

OBJECTIVETo observe the incidence and the predictors of upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage (UGH) in patients underwent percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI).

METHODSUGH occurred in 21 out of 2279 PCI patients (0.92%). The clinical characteristics, procedural and prognostic status of all UGH patients were analyzed.

RESULTSThe incidence of UGH was significantly higher in patients aged more than 70 years, female, diabetes mellitus, peptic ulcer history, admission with ACS than patients without above factors. Platelet glucoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor antagonist use during the procedure and primary PCI also contributed to the development of UGH. Hospitalization time was significantly longer in patients with UGH compared with patients without UGH (13.8 versus 5.1 days, P < 0.001). The total MACCEs including myocardial infarction, TVR and death rate in patients with UGH were higher than that in patients without UGH (23.0% versus 9.3%, P < 0.01). Stepdown multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that age more than 70 years (OR 2.23, 95% CI 1.01 - 4.13, P < 0.01), admission with acute coronary syndrome (OR 1.91, 95% CI 0.57 - 2.52, P < 0.05) and history of peptic ulcer (OR 1.02, 95% CI 0.17 - 2.25, P < 0.05) were the predictors of in-hospital UGH post PCI.

CONCLUSIONAge more than 70 years, admission with ACS and peptic ulcer history were closely related to the development of in-hospital UGH post PCI and hospitalization was prolonged in UGH patients.

Adult ; Age Factors ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary ; adverse effects ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage ; etiology ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Postoperative Hemorrhage ; etiology ; Stents