Medical institutions, with their clinical practice foundation and abundant human use experience data, have become important carriers for the inheritance and innovation of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) and the "cradles" of the preparation of new TCM. To effectively promote the transformation of new TCM originating from the TCM clinical practice in medical institutions and establish an effective evaluation index system for the transformation of new TCM conforming to the characteristics of TCM, consensus experts adopted the literature research, questionnaire survey, Delphi method, etc. By focusing on the policy and technical evaluation of new TCM originating from the TCM clinical practice in medical institutions, a comprehensive evaluation from the dimensions of drug safety, efficacy, feasibility, and characteristic advantages was conducted, thus forming a comprehensive evaluation system with four primary indicators and 37 secondary indicators. The expert consensus reached aims to encourage medical institutions at all levels to continuously improve the high-quality research and development and transformation of new TCM originating from the TCM clinical practice in medical institutions and targeted at clinical needs, so as to provide a decision-making basis for the preparation, selection, cultivation, and transformation of new TCM for medical institutions, improve the development efficiency of new TCM, and precisely respond to the public medication needs.
Medicine, Chinese Traditional/standards* ; Humans ; Consensus ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/therapeutic use* ; Surveys and Questionnaires

ObjectiveTo investigate the influence of histone deacetylase 3 (HDAC3) on the occurrence, development of psoriasis-like inflammation in mice, and the relative immune mechanisms. MethodsHealthy C57BL/6 mice aged 6-8 weeks were selected and randomly divided into 3 groups: control group (Control), psoriasis model group (IMQ), and HDAC3 inhibitor RGFP966-treated psoriasis model group (IMQ+RGFP966). One day prior to the experiment, the back hair of the mice was shaved. After a one-day stabilization period, the mice in Control group was treated with an equal amount of vaseline, while the mice in IMQ group was treated with imiquimod (62.5 mg/d) applied topically on the back to establish a psoriasis-like inflammation model. The mice in IMQ+RGFP966 group received intervention with a high dose of the HDAC3-selective inhibitor RGFP966 (30 mg/kg) based on the psoriasis-like model. All groups were treated continuously for 5 d, during which psoriasis-like inflammation symptoms (scaling, erythema, skin thickness), body weight, and mental status were observed and recorded, with photographs taken for documentation. After euthanasia, hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining was used to assess the effect of RGFP966 on the skin tissue structure of the mice, and skin thickness was measured. The mRNA and protein expression levels of HDAC3 in skin tissues were detected using reverse transcription real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and Western blot (WB), respectively. Flow cytometry was employed to analyze neutrophils in peripheral blood and lymph nodes, CD4⁺ T lymphocytes, CD8⁺ T lymphocytes in peripheral blood, and IL-17A secretion by peripheral blood CD4⁺ T lymphocytes. Additionally, spleen CD4⁺ T lymphocyte expression of HDAC3, CCR6, CCR8, and IL-17A secretion levels were analyzed. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the localization and expression levels of HDAC3, IL-17A, and IL-10 in skin tissues. ResultsCompared with the Control group, the IMQ group exhibited significant psoriasis-like inflammation, characterized by erythema, scaling, and skin wrinkling. Compared with the IMQ group, RGFP966 exacerbated psoriasis-like inflammatory symptoms, leading to increased hyperkeratosis. The psoriasis area and severity index (PASI) skin symptom scores were higher in the IMQ group than those in the Control group, and the scores were further elevated in the IMQ+RGFP966 group compared to the IMQ group. Skin thickness measurements showed a trend of IMQ+RGFP966>IMQ>Control. The numbers of neutrophils in the blood and lymph nodes increased sequentially in the Control, IMQ, and IMQ+RGFP966 groups, with a similar trend observed for CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ T lymphocytes in the blood. In skin tissues, compared with the Control group, the mRNA and protein levels of HDAC3 decreased in the IMQ group, but RGFP966 did not further reduce these expressions. HDAC3 was primarily located in the nucleus. Compared with the Control group, the nuclear HDAC3 content decreased in the skin tissues of the IMQ group, and RGFP966 further reduced nuclear HDAC3. Compared with the Control and IMQ groups, RGFP966 treatment decreased HDAC3 expression in splenic CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ T cells. RGFP966 treatment increased the expression of CCR6 and CCR8 in splenic CD4⁺ T cells and enhanced IL-17A secretion by peripheral blood and splenic CD4⁺ T lymphocytes. Additionally, compared with the IMQ group, RGFP966 reduced IL-10 protein levels and upregulated IL-17A expression in skin tissues. ConclusionRGFP966 exacerbates psoriatic-like inflammatory responses by inhibiting HDAC3, increasing the secretion of the cytokine IL-17A, and upregulating the expression of chemokines CCR8 and CCR6.

Food,drug and environment related cases are becoming more and more frequent,and the demand for on-site rapid detection is also increasing.Nanozymes are nanomaterials with enzyme-like catalytic activity,which have the advantages of high catalytic efficiency,good stability,economy,adjustability,multifunctionality and large-scale preparation.The colorimetric sensing technology based on nanozymes combined with smart phones has wide range of applications in the field of food,drugs and environment detection,and is expected to become an important means for relevant departments to combat crime.This paper summarized the progresses of nanozymes in the field of environmental,food and drug crime(EFDC)detection,focusing on the detection mechanism of different types of nanozymes and the current status of research on the detection of EFDC,and prospected the future development of nanozymes.The possible future prospects of machine learning(ML)in the field of nanozymes colorimetric sensing technology and the challenges in detection of EFDC were also discussed.

Objective To investigate the status of population dynamics and distribution changes of Aedes aegypti in Guangdong Province.Methods Continuous monitoring was conducted from May 2018 to July 2024 in Wushi Town and Qishui Town,Leizhou City,Zhanjiang City,Guangdong Province.Additionally,a survey of the distribution of Ae.aegypti along the Leizhou Peninsula coast was carried out.Results The density of Ae.aegypti in Zhanjiang showed a gradual decline from 2018 to 2024.The last detection of adult Ae.aegypti in Wushi Town was in September 2021,and the last larva was found in October 2023.No Ae.aegypti was detected in Qishui Town during surveys from 2021 to 2024.A survey of 18 coastal villages in the Leizhou Peninsula revealed no detections of Ae.aegypti.Conclusions This study provides a basis for understanding the distribution and population density fluctuations of Ae.aegypti,assessing its invasion risk,and scientifically conducting relevant prevention and control efforts.

Objective To summarize the potential risk factors that may arise in the national drug sampling and testing inspection process in recent years,to focuse on the operation of the quality management system,and to put forward proposals on how to do a good job under the new drug regulatory model of sampling and testing work.Methods Focusing on the investigation of data integrity and authenticity,the analysis focuses on the analysis of risk points such as reagent management,standard substance management,instrument,and facility management,electronic data management and other issues,and carries out a comprehensive verification of the effectiveness of the operation of the quality management system and so on.Results National drug sampling and testing institutes should strengthen the overall quality management,according to the operation of the laboratory,combined with their respective risk characteristics,reagent management,standard substance management,instrument and facility management,electronic data management and other aspects of the risk of systematic sorting and the establishment of the risk alert function,the development of risk warning lists,and the implementation of the corresponding risk control strategy.Conclusion National drug sampling and testing institutes must strengthen the operation of the process of influencing factors in the effective control of the emphasis on the testing of the work of the key control points and continue to standardize and improve the inspection process of the quality system to ensure that the quality of the various activities in a controlled state.

Objective To explore the effect of rituximab on cellular immunity and cytokines in children with new-onset steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome(SSNS).Methods Clinical data of 60 children with new-onset SSNS treated at Xuzhou Children's Hospital from December 2021 to March 2023 were retrospectively analyzed.Children were allocated according to rituximab use into a control group(no rituximab)and an observation group(rituximab).The relapse rate,T-lymphocyte subsets and cytokines before and after treatment,and the incidence of adverse reactions were compared between groups.Results The relapse rate was lower in the observation group than in the control group(27%vs 73%,P<0.05).After treatment,CD3+and CD4+T-lymphocyte counts,the CD4+/CD8+ratio,and serum interleukin-2 increased in the observation group and were higher than in the control group(P<0.05).Interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α levels decreased after treatment in the observation group and were lower than in the control group(P<0.05).After treatment,CD8+T-lymphocyte counts decreased,interferon-γ increased,and interleukin-10 decreased in both groups,with no significant differences between the two groups(P>0.05).The incidence of adverse reactions did not differ significantly between the two groups(P>0.05).Conclusions Rituximab can reduce the relapse rate in children with new-onset nephrotic syndrome and shows good safety.Its therapeutic effect is achieved by regulating the number and function of T cells and by modulating the anti-inflammatory effects of cytokines.

Objective To explore the effect of rituximab on cellular immunity and cytokines in children with new-onset steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome(SSNS).Methods Clinical data of 60 children with new-onset SSNS treated at Xuzhou Children's Hospital from December 2021 to March 2023 were retrospectively analyzed.Children were allocated according to rituximab use into a control group(no rituximab)and an observation group(rituximab).The relapse rate,T-lymphocyte subsets and cytokines before and after treatment,and the incidence of adverse reactions were compared between groups.Results The relapse rate was lower in the observation group than in the control group(27%vs 73%,P<0.05).After treatment,CD3+and CD4+T-lymphocyte counts,the CD4+/CD8+ratio,and serum interleukin-2 increased in the observation group and were higher than in the control group(P<0.05).Interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α levels decreased after treatment in the observation group and were lower than in the control group(P<0.05).After treatment,CD8+T-lymphocyte counts decreased,interferon-γ increased,and interleukin-10 decreased in both groups,with no significant differences between the two groups(P>0.05).The incidence of adverse reactions did not differ significantly between the two groups(P>0.05).Conclusions Rituximab can reduce the relapse rate in children with new-onset nephrotic syndrome and shows good safety.Its therapeutic effect is achieved by regulating the number and function of T cells and by modulating the anti-inflammatory effects of cytokines.

Objective To summarize the potential risk factors that may arise in the national drug sampling and testing inspection process in recent years,to focuse on the operation of the quality management system,and to put forward proposals on how to do a good job under the new drug regulatory model of sampling and testing work.Methods Focusing on the investigation of data integrity and authenticity,the analysis focuses on the analysis of risk points such as reagent management,standard substance management,instrument,and facility management,electronic data management and other issues,and carries out a comprehensive verification of the effectiveness of the operation of the quality management system and so on.Results National drug sampling and testing institutes should strengthen the overall quality management,according to the operation of the laboratory,combined with their respective risk characteristics,reagent management,standard substance management,instrument and facility management,electronic data management and other aspects of the risk of systematic sorting and the establishment of the risk alert function,the development of risk warning lists,and the implementation of the corresponding risk control strategy.Conclusion National drug sampling and testing institutes must strengthen the operation of the process of influencing factors in the effective control of the emphasis on the testing of the work of the key control points and continue to standardize and improve the inspection process of the quality system to ensure that the quality of the various activities in a controlled state.

The plants of Rutaceae, with wide distribution in China, have a long history of medicinal use. They contain a wide variety of alkaloids, which include isoquinolines, quinolines, acridones, carbazoles, and indoles. Pharmacological studies have shown that most of these alkaloids have antitumor, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, antidiabetic and other activities. This article summarized 378 alkaloids isolated from plants of Rutaceae and their pharmacological effects, aiming to lay a basis for future drug development and sustainable utilization of plant resources.
Alkaloids/chemistry* ; Humans ; Rutaceae/chemistry* ; Animals ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/chemistry* ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents/chemistry*

AIM To study the chemical constituents from the root tubers of Stephania kwangsiensis H.S.Lo and their tyrosinase inhibition and insecticidal activities.METHODS The 70％ ethanol extract from root tubers of S.kwangsiensis was isolated and purified by Sephadex LH-20,MCI,ODS,semi-prepative HPLC and HSCCC,then the structures of obtained compounds were identified by physicochemical properties and spectral data.The tyrosinase inhibitory activities were determined by using levodopa as substrate,and the insecticidal activities were evaluated by the control effect of Diaphorina citri.RESULTS Twelve compounds were isolated and identified as tetrahydropalmatine ( 1 ),dehydrocrebanine ( 2 ),crebanine ( 3 ),stephanine ( 4 ),liriodenine ( 5 ),piperumbellactam A ( 6 ),sinoacutine ( 7 ),(+)-salutaridine N-oxide ( 8 ),bisnorargemonine ( 9 ),(+)-corytuberine (10),sebiferine (11) and palmatrubine (12).The IC50 values of compounds 5-7 to tyrosinase were (0.1702±0.0101),(0.7663±0.0331) and (0.5193±0.0075) mg/mL,respectively.The control effects of compounds 2-5,7,8,10-12 against D.citri ranged from ( 19.33±0.57 )％ to ( 77.15±0.45 )％.CONCLUSION Compounds 2,5,6,and 8-12 are isolated from this plant for the first time,6 and 9 are first obtained from genus Stephania.Compounds 5-7 displayed significant tyrosinase inhibition activities.Compounds 7,8 and 10 show strong insecticidal activities.