This paper uses literature and network data to systematically sort out the theoretical and practical foundations of global public health cooperation,combines expert interviews to conduct empirical analyses,and further explores China's strategies for participating in global public health cooperation through quantitative statistics and text mining of interview data,and proposes a plan for China's participation in global public health cooperation under the current international situation.Under the countercurrents to globalization,China should take its own public health capacity building as the foundation,put global security and health equity at the core,with a philosophy of open cooperation and sustainable development,actively promote bilateral and multilateral cooperation,focus on cultivating global health talents,and enhance the effectiveness of disease prevention and control by making use of existing platforms,international mechanisms and digital health technologies,so as to help build a Global Community of Health for All.

This paper uses literature and network data to systematically sort out the theoretical and practical foundations of global public health cooperation,combines expert interviews to conduct empirical analyses,and further explores China's strategies for participating in global public health cooperation through quantitative statistics and text mining of interview data,and proposes a plan for China's participation in global public health cooperation under the current international situation.Under the countercurrents to globalization,China should take its own public health capacity building as the foundation,put global security and health equity at the core,with a philosophy of open cooperation and sustainable development,actively promote bilateral and multilateral cooperation,focus on cultivating global health talents,and enhance the effectiveness of disease prevention and control by making use of existing platforms,international mechanisms and digital health technologies,so as to help build a Global Community of Health for All.

Objective To establish reference intervals for serum soluble transferrin receptor(sTfR)and sTfR/log ser-um ferritin index(sTfR/lgSF)in apparently healthy adults in the Wuhan area,so as to provide reference for clinical diagno-sis and treatment of iron deficiency and iron-deficiency anemia.Methods A total of 273 individuals from the Wuhan Aisa General Hospital,including health examination participants and blood donors,were selected to measure sTfR,other iron metabolism indicators and high sensitivity C-reactive protein(hsCRP).The sTfR/lgSF values were calculated and reference intervals for sTfR and sTfR/lgSF were established using the percentile method(P2.5 to P97.5).Spearman correlation anal-ysis was used to evaluate the relationships between sTfR,sTfR/lgSF,and other iron metabolism indicators,as well as hsCRP.Results The sTfR levels(M,mg/L)between males and females(1.01 vs 1.07)were not statistically significant(P＞0.05),but the sTfR/lgSF levels if males were significantly lower than those in females(0.45 vs 0.62)(P＜0.05).There was no significant difference in sTfR(M,mg/L)and sTfR/lgSF(M)among different age groups,with values of 1.07 vs 1.02 vs 1.00 and 0.52 vs 0.53 vs 0.51,respectively(P＞0.05).The reference interval for STfR was(0.72-1.68)mg/L,the sTfR/lgSF reference interval was(0.31-0.88)for males,and(0.37-1.19)for females.Correlation analysis showed no correlation between sTfR,sTfR/lgSF and hsCRP(r=0.043,P＞0.05;r=-0.064,P＞0.05),while serum ferritin(SF),serum iron(SI),transferrin saturation(TSAT)were correlated with hsCRP(r=0.128,P＜0.05;r=-0.195,P＜0.01;r=-0.173,P＜0.01).There was no correlation between sTfR and SF(r=-0.115,P＞0.05),while sTfR/lgSF was significantly correlated with and SF(r=-0.685,P＜0.01).Conclusion Preliminary reference intervals for serum sTfR and sTfR/lgSF in apparently healthy adults in the Wuhan has been established.sTfR and sTfR/lgSF are not affected by inflammatory factors and are significant for identifying iron deficiency in anemia patients with elevated serum ferritin caused by inflammation.

Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) are major outer membrane components of Gram-negative bacteria. Unlike most Gram-negative bacteria, Acinetobacter baumannii can still survive and acquire polymyxin resistance after complete loss of LPS. Previous studies of LPS-deficient Acinetobacter baumannii mostly focused on LPS-deficient strains induced by polymyxin, whose background was complex and unstable. To investigate LPS loss-mediated polymyxin resistant-Acinetobacter baumannii, this study constructed a stable and clear background LPS-deficient strain by knocking out lpxC gene in Acinetobacter baumannii ATCC 19606 with CIRSPR/Cas9, and then studied the phenotypic changes of the lpxC-deficient strain including morphology, growth rate, antibiotic susceptibility, virulence, membrane permeability, and membrane potential. Animal experiments were approved by the Animal Care and Welfare Committee Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, CAMS and PUMC (approval number: IMB-20240119D₉). The results indicated that the lpxC gene of Acinetobacter baumannii ATCC 19606 was successfully knocked out. After losing the lpxC, the strain underwent the morphological change from rod-shaped to spherical. Furthermore, it leads to reduced growth rate, enhanced membrane permeability, decreased membrane potential, lower virulence, and increased antibiotic susceptibility to β-lactams, quinolones, aminoglycosides, macrolides, glycopeptides. The lpxC deletion results in significant changes in membrane homeostasis and adaptability of Acinetobacter baumannii. Understanding the phenotypic changes of colistin-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii mediated by LPS loss is useful for exploring the resistance mechanism of Acinetobacter baumannii and developing new therapeutic strategies.

Objective:To analyze the equity of Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)human resource allocation across 31 provinces in China and explore its influencing pathways,aiming to provide scientific reference for optimizing the allocation of TCM human resources.Methods:The Health Resource Density Index(HRDI)was employed to measure the equity of TCM human resource allocation in China,and the fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis(fsQCA)was utilized to explore the configurational pathways influencing this equity.Results:Based on the data from 2021,the HRDI of TCM human resources in China exhibited significant regional disparities,manifesting as a distribution pattern of"high in the east and low in the west."Three pathways promoting high equity were identified:the internal-external balance-driven pathway(H1),the economy-demand co-driven pathway(H2),and the government-led driving pathway(H3).Meanwhile,three pathways leading to low equity were also recognized:the economy-demand constraint pathway(L1)and the internal-external constraint pathways(L2、L3).Conclusion:There are notable regional disparities in the equity of TCM human resource allocation in China,with multiple factors jointly influencing this equity,among which population density serves as a core factor.In subsequent efforts to enhance equity,it is advisable to consider optimizing the synergies among multiple factors and implementing precise policies for different regions to promote efficient allocation and balanced development of TCM human resources.

OBJECTIVE: To observe the effects of moxibustion on the stem cell factor (SCF)/tyrosine kinase receptor (c-kit) signaling pathway and immune function in rats with diarrhea irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D), and to explore the mechanism of moxibustion for IBS-D. METHODS: Among 52 young rats born from 6 healthy pregnant SPF rats, 12 rats were randomly selected into the normal group, and the remaining 40 rats were treated with the three-factor combination method of maternal separation, acetic acid enema and chronic restraint stress to establish the IBS-D rat model. Thirty-six rats with successful IBS-D model were randomly divided into a model group, a moxibustion group, and a medication group, 12 rats in each group. The rats in the moxibustion group were treated with suspension moxibustion at "Tianshu" (ST 25) and "Shangjuxu" (ST 37); the rats in the medication group were treated with intragastric administration of rifaximin suspension (150 mg/kg). All the treatments were given once a day for 7 consecutive days. The body mass, loose stool rate (LSR), the minimum volume threshold when abdominal withdrawal reflex (AWR) scored 3 were measured before acetic acid enema (35 days old), after modeling (45 days old), and after intervention (53 days old). After intervention (53 days old), HE staining was used to observe the morphology of colon tissue, and spleen and thymus coefficients were measured; ELISA method was used to detect serum inflammatory factors (tumor necrosis factor a [TNF-a], interleukin [IL]-10, IL-8), T-lymphocyte subsets (CD⁺₄, CD⁺₈, CD⁺₄₅), value of CD⁺₄/CD⁺₈ and immune globulin (IgA, IgG, IgM); real-time PCR method and Western blot method was used to detect the expression of SCF, c-kit mRNA and protein in colon tissue; immunofluorescence staining method were used to detect positive expression of SCF and c-kit. RESULTS: After intervention, compared with the normal group, in the model group, the body mass and the minimum volume threshold when AWR scored 3 were decreased (P<0.01), LSR, spleen and thymus coefficients, serum levels of TNF-α, IL-8, CD⁺₄, CD⁺₄₅, CD⁺₄/CD⁺₈, IgA, IgG, IgM were increased (P<0.01), serum IL-10 level and protein and mRNA expression of SCF and c-kit in colon tissue were decreased (P<0.01), and the positive expression of SCF and c-kit was decreased (P<0.01). Compared with the model group, in the moxibustion group and the medication group, the body mass and the minimum volume threshold when AWR scored 3 were increased (P<0.01, P<0.05), LSR, spleen and thymus coefficients, serum levels of TNF-α, IL-8, CD⁺₄, CD⁺₈, CD⁺₄₅, CD⁺₄/CD⁺₈, IgA, IgG, IgM were decreased (P<0.01, P<0.05), serum IL-10 level and protein and mRNA expression of SCF and c-kit in colon tissue were increased (P<0.01), and the positive expression of SCF and c-kit was increased (P<0.01). Compared with the medication group, in the moxibustion group, the level of serum CD⁺₄ was decreased (P<0.05), the value of CD⁺₄/CD⁺₈ was increased (P<0.01), and there was no significant difference in other indexes (P>0.05). The expression of SCF and c-kit mRNA was positively correlated with the minimum volume threshold when AWR scored 3 and IL-10 (P<0.01), and negatively correlated with remaining indexes (P<0.01, P<0.05). CONCLUSION Moxibustion could reduce visceral hypersensitivity, improve symptoms of abdominal pain and diarrhea in IBS-D rats, and its mechanism may be related to up-regulation of the expression of SCF/c-kit signaling pathway and improvement of IBS-D immune function.
Rats ; Animals ; Irritable Bowel Syndrome/therapy* ; Moxibustion/methods* ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Interleukin-10 ; Interleukin-8 ; Maternal Deprivation ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; Diarrhea ; Signal Transduction ; Homeostasis ; Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases ; Immunity ; Immunoglobulin A ; Immunoglobulin M

Objective To put forward suggestions for improving the scheme of general practice for functional communities from the perspective of supply and demand,guide the efficient use of the resources of general practice by the communities,and incorporate the general practice of communities into hierarchical diagnosis and treatment management. Methods In July 2021,stratified random sampling was employed to conduct the questionnaire surveys of the young and middle-aged (demand side) and the general practitioners (supply side),respectively.SPSS 20.0 was used for data analysis. Results The two sides had the same cognition about the main reasons for not signing a contract with a family doctor,which were the lack of knowledge about general practitioners and the lack of face-to-face communication opportunities.They had the same response about the form of services,with high acceptance of medical services via WeChat,outpatient consultation,and the internet.There were differences in service content between the two sides.The top three demands of the young and middle-aged were appointment registration and referral in superior hospitals,medication guidance,and massage,acupuncture,and moxibustion.The top service self-rated by general practitioners was personalized guidance and report interpretation of physical examination,and the bottom was massage,acupuncture,and moxibustion. Conclusions The general practice varies between the demand and supply sides.General practitioners should be encouraged to enter and learn functional communities and provide personalized services,thus improving the general medical service in functional communities.
General Practice ; Surveys and Questionnaires

OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of moxibustion on the regulation of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) and inflammatory factors by multiple microRNAs (miRNAs) in rats with diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D), and to explore the anti-inflammatory mechanism of moxibustion on IBS-D. METHODS: Twelve of 52 newborn rats were randomly selected into a normal group. The remaining rats were made into IBS-D model. A total of 36 rats with successful model were randomly divided into a model group, a medication group and a moxibustion group, 12 rats in each group. The rats in the medication group were intraperitoneally injected with pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC). The rats in the moxibustion group were treated with moxibustion at "Tianshu" (ST 25) and "Shangjuxu" (ST 37) for 20 min each time. All the intervention was given once a day for 7 days. Before and after modeling as well as after intervention, the body mass, loose stool rate and the minimum volume threshold of abdominal withdrawal reflex (AWR) were measured. After intervention, the contents of serum tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-8 were detected by ELISA method; the morphology of colon tissues was observed by HE staining, and the expressions of miR-155, miR-125b, miR-29b, miR-31, miR-18a and NF-κB p65 mRNA in colon tissues were detected by real-time PCR. The expressions of NF-κB p65, TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-8 protein in colon tissues were detected by immunofluorescence. RESULTS: After modeling, the body mass and the minimum volume threshold of AWR in the model group were lower than those in the normal group (P<0.01); the rates of loose stool in the model group were higher than those in the normal group (P<0.01); after intervention, in the model group, the inflammatory infiltration of colon tissues was obvious, and the serum levels of TNF-α, IL-1 β, IL-8 were higher than those in the normal group (P<0.05); the expression of miR-155, miR-125b, miR-29b, miR-31, miR-18a and NF-κB p65 mRNA in colon tissues was higher than that in the normal group (P<0.05); the protein expression of NF-κB p65, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-8 was also higher than that in the normal group (P<0.01). After intervention, the body mass and the minimum volume threshold of AWR in the medication group and the moxibustion group were both higher than those in the model group (P<0.05); the loose stool rate in the medication group and the moxibustion group were lower than those in model group (P<0.05); the inflammatory cells infiltration in the colon tissues was less, the serum levels of TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-8 as well as the protein expression of NF-κB p65, TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-8 in the colon tissues in the medication group and the moxibustion group were lower than those in the model group (P<0.05, P<0.01). The expression of miR-125b, miR-31, miR-18a and NF-κB p65 mRNA in the medication group were lower than those in the model group (P<0.05). The expression of miR-155, miR-125b, miR-29b, miR-31, miR-18a and NF-κB p65 mRNA in the moxibustion group were lower than those in the model group (P<0.05). The miR-155, miR-125b, miR-29b, miR-31, miR-18a were positively correlated with NF-κB p65 mRNA (0<r<1, P<0.01). CONCLUSION The anti-inflammatory mechanism of moxibustion at "Tianshu" (ST 25) and "Shangjuxu" (ST 37) for IBS-D rats may be related to regulating multiple miRNAs to inhibit NF-κB signal pathway and reduce the expression of inflammatory factors.
Animals ; Diarrhea/therapy* ; Interleukin-8/genetics* ; Irritable Bowel Syndrome/therapy* ; MicroRNAs/genetics* ; Moxibustion ; NF-kappa B/metabolism* ; RNA, Messenger ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Signal Transduction ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/genetics*

Actin dynamics in guard cells play a critical role in stomatal movement. Remodeling of actin arrays is triggered by different biotic and abiotic stimuli, which requires precise control. However, the molecular mechanism underlying this process is not well understood. Here we investigated whether and how the capping protein (CP) regulates actin filaments during fusicoccin (FC) -induced stomatal opening. We found that both stomatal opening and F-actin rearrangement are sensitive in the Capping Protein β-subunit (CPB) cpb-3 mutants, which resulted in its hypersensitivity to drought stress. The leaves detached from cpb-3 had a higher water loss rate (63. 45%) than from the wild type (48. 99%), and the stomatal aperture of cpb-3 was about 20% greater than in the wild type. After 1 h of FC treatment, the proportion of cpb-3 guard cells with radial actin arrays increased to 65. 5% dramatically, while only approximately 47. 2% guard cells in WT exhibited transversely oriented actin filaments. Moreover, the record of transmembrane Ca