This study aims to explore the impact of host plants on the quality of Taxilli Herba and provide a theoretical basis for the quality control of Taxilli Herba. The components of Taxilli Herba from three different host plants(Morus alba, Salix babylonica, and Cinnamomum cassia) and its 3 hosts(mulberry branch, willow branch, and cinnamon branch) were detected by widely targeted metabolomics based on ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(UPLC-MS/MS). Principal component analysis(PCA), orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis(OPLS-DA), and Venn diagram were employed for analysis. A total of 717 metabolites were detected in Taxilli Herba from the three host plants and the branches of these host plants by UPLC-MS/MS. The results of PCA and OPLS-DA of Taxilli Herba from the three different host plants showed an obvious separation trend due to the different effects of host plants. The Venn diagram showed that there were 32, 8, and 26 characteristic metabolites in samples of Taxilli Herba from M. alba host, S. babylonica host, and C. cassia host, respectively. It was found by comparing the characteristic metabolites of Taxilli Herba and its hosts that each host transmits its characteristic components to Taxilli Herba, so that the Taxilli Herba contains the characteristic components of the host. The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG) pathway analysis showed that the differential metabolites of Taxilli Herba from the three hosts were mainly enriched in flavonoid biosynthesis, arginine and proline metabolism, and glycolysis/gluconeogenesis pathways. Furthermore, the differential metabolites enriching pathways of Taxilli Herba from the three hosts were different depending on the host. In a word, host plants have a significant impact on the metabolites of Taxilli Herba, and it may be an important factor for the quality of Taxilli Herba.
Metabolomics/methods* ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/chemistry* ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Tandem Mass Spectrometry ; Quality Control ; Salix/chemistry* ; Cinnamomum aromaticum/metabolism* ; Principal Component Analysis

The differences in chemical quality characteristics between Xinjiang Rehmannia glutinosa and R. glutinosa were analyzed to provide a theoretical basis for the introduction and quality control of R. glutinosa. In this study, the high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC) fingerprints of 6 batches of Xinjiang R. glutinosa and 10 batches of R. glutinosa samples were established. The content of iridoid glycosides, phenylethanoid glycosides, monosaccharides, oligosaccharides, and polysaccharides in Xinjiang R. glutinosa and R. glutinosa was determined by high performance liquid chromatography-diode array detection(HPLC-DAD), high performance liquid chromatography-evaporative light scattering detection(HPLC-ELSD), and ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy(UV-Vis). The determination results were analyzed with by chemical pattern recognition and entropy weight TOPSIS method. The results showed that there were 19 common peaks in the HPLC fingerprints of the 16 batches of R. glutinosa, and catalpol, aucubin, rehmannioside D, rehmannioside A, hydroxytyrosol, leonuride, salidroside, cistanoside A, and verbascoside were identified. Hierarchical cluster analysis(HCA) and principal component analysis(PCA) showed that Qinyang R. glutinosa, Mengzhou R. glutinosa, and Xinjiang R. glutinosa were grouped into three different categories, and eight common components causing the chemical quality difference between Xinjiang R. glutinosa and R. glutinosa in Mengzhou and Qinyang of Henan province were screened out by orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis(OPLS-DA). The results of content determination showed that there were glucose, sucrose, raffinose, stachyose, polysaccharides, and nine glycosides in Xinjiang R. glutinosa and R. glutinosa samples, and the content of catalpol, rehmannioside A, leonuride, cistanoside A, verbascoside, sucrose, and glucose was significantly different between Xinjiang R. glutinosa and R. glutinosa. The analysis with entropy weight TOPSIS method showed that the comprehensive quality of R. glutinosa in Mengzhou and Qinyang of Henan province was better than that of Xinjiang R. glutinosa. In conclusion, the types of main chemical components of R. glutinosa and Xinjiang R. glutinosa were the same, but their content was different. The chemical quality of R. glutinosa was better than Xinjiang R. glutinosa, and other components in R. glutinosa from two producing areas and their effects need further study.
Rehmannia/classification* ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/chemistry* ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid/methods* ; Quality Control

On March 19, 2021, the National Medical Products Administration(NMPA) issued the Regulations on the Supervision and Administration of Medical Devices (Order No. 739 of the State Council of the People's Republic of China), which clearly stipulated in Article 53 the basic definition and scope of use of in vitro diagnostic reagents developed by medical institutions. It also pointed out that the relevant administrative measures shall be formulated by the Drug Regulatory Department of the State Council in conjunction with the Health Department of the State Council. This initiative marks the re-incorporation of in vitro diagnostic reagents developed by medical institutions into China's regulatory system. This study reviewed the development of regulatory policies for self-developed in vitro diagnostic reagents at home and abroad, combined with the Key Points of On-site Verification of Self-developed In Vitro Diagnostic Reagents in Shanghai Medical Institutions issued by the Shanghai Municipal Drug Administration, in conjunction with the Shanghai Municipal Health Commission, and the specific verification work of pre-record evaluation, and sorted out the general requirements for the quality management system of self-developed in vitro diagnostic reagents. The purpose is to provide some references for the further development of this pilot work and its nationwide promotion.
China ; Quality Control ; Indicators and Reagents/standards* ; Reagent Kits, Diagnostic/standards*

Objective To investigate the role of interleukin-9(IL-9)in the invasive growth of bone cystic tissue with cystic echinococcosis and its molecular mechanisms.Methods Paraffin sections of bone cystic tissues from 8 patients with cystic echinococcosis were collected,and paraffin sections of affected knee joint tissues from 8 patients with osteoarthritis were selected as controls.qPCR was used to detect the expression levels of IL-9 mRNA in bone cystic tissues and osteoarthritis bone tissues.RAW264.7 cells were divided into the Undifferentia-tion group(Group 1),the MCSF group(Group 2),the MCSF+RANKL group(Group 3),the MCSF+RANKL+echinococcosis antigen B group(Group 4),and the MCSF+RANKL+IL-9 group(Group 5).qPCR was used to detect the expression levels of TRAP and cathepsin K mRNA in cells of each group.Western blot was used to detect the expression levels of p-p65,p65,nuclear factor of activated T-cells 1(NFATc1),phosphorylated signal transducer and activator of transcription 3(p-STAT3),signal transducer and activator of transcription 3(STAT3),phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2(p-ERK1/2)and extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2(ERK1/2)in cells of each group.Results The expression level of IL-9 mRNA was higher in bone cystic tissues than that in osteoarthritis bone tissues(P<0.05).Compared with Group 1,the expression levels of TRAP and cathepsin K mRNA in Group 2,Group 3,Group 4 and Group 5 were significantly increased(P<0.05),as well as the levels of p-p65,p-STAT3 and p-ERK1/2,and the expression levels of NFATc1(P<0.05);Compared with Group 3,the above indexes in Group 5 were all increased(P<0.05).Conclusion The expression level of IL-9 is up-regulated in bone cystic tissues,and it enhances the induction of osteoclast differentiation by up-regulating the nuclear factor-κB(NF-κB)/STAT3/ERK1/2 signaling pathway,which may play an important role in bone erosion of bone echinococcosis.

Knee osteoarthritis is a common joint disease within osteoarthritis,characterized by pain,swelling,and limited functionality as the main clinical manifestations.In severe cases,it affects daily life and falls under the category of"impediment syndrome"or"bone impediment"in TCM.The author believes that the theory of"bones,tendons,and muscles"is closely related to this disease.Treatment should focus on simultaneously nourishing the liver,spleen and kidneys,considering tendons,bones and muscles,while also dispelling wind,cold and dampness.The clinical application of Sanbi Decoction has shown good efficacy,and this discussion aimed to provide ideas for the diagnosis and treatment of knee osteoarthritis.

Spinal cord injury is a central nervous system disorder caused by direct or indirect trauma to the spinal cord, with an increasing incidence year by year. Neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and local edema following spinal cord injury can lead to motor, sensory and cognitive impairment in patients, resulting in an extremely high disability rate. Conventional treatments primarily involve surgery combined with pharmacotherapy, yet clinical outcomes remain unsatisfactory. Hesperidin, a citrus-derived flavonoid and its derivatives (neohesperidin, hesperetin, etc.) exhibit anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-apoptotic, and pyroptosis-inhibitory properties. When used in the management of spinal cord injury, they can effectively improve post-injury motor dysfunction. However, hesperidin and its derivatives still face problems such as poor blood-brain-spinal cord barrier penetration and incomplete understanding of their key mechanisms, limiting the efficacy of monotherapy with hesperidin and its derivatives in the management of spinal cord injurg. To this end, the authors reviewed the research progress on mechanism of action of hesperidin and its derivatives in the management of spinal cord injury, aiming to provide a reference for its future research and clinical application.

Objective:To construct a risk prediction model of hyperuricemia (HUA) for community-dwelling residents.Methods:This cross-sectional study was conducted from March to November 2020. A total of 1 967 residents in the Nanzhai community of Taiyuan city were selected by stratified sampling method as study subjects, among whom 1 555 (80%) subjects served as the training set and the remaining 412 (20%) as the validation set. Blood uric acid was measured in all subjects and level>420 mmol/L was defined as HUA. The risk factors of HUA were determined with multivariate logistic regression analysis, and a risk prediction model was constructed. The Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test and the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve were used to evaluate the predictive performance of the model.Results:Among the 1 555 residents in the training set, HUA was detected in 285 cases (18.3%). The detection rate in men was significantly higher than that in women [29.8% (220/739) vs. 8.0% (65/816), χ 2=123.17, P<0.05]. Compared to non-HUA group, the waist circumference and BMI, and the proportion of smoking, drinking, staying up late, and prevalence of hypertension and dyslipidemia were significant higher in HUA group. There was significant difference in the frequency of drinking tea, coffee, milk, and eating fruits, as well as the amount of beverages consumed between the two groups ( P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that high BMI ( OR=1.132, 95 %CI:1.070-1.197, P<0.001), coffee consumption ( OR=1.337, 95 %CI:1.027-1.742, P=0.032), and dyslipidemia ( OR=1.479, 95 %CI:1.049-2.086, P=0.025) were risk factors of HUA, while female sex ( OR=0.213, 95 %CI:0.146-0.390, P<0.001) was protective factor of HUA. When all factors were included in the logistic regression model, gender, BMI, coffee consumption, beverage intake, sodium salt intake, sleep quality, and dyslipidemia ( OR=0.213, 1.113, 1.353, 0.788, 1.320, 0.788, 1.651) were important components of the HUA prediction model. By substituting the constant, these factors, and the regression coefficients into the logistic regression equation, the Logit(P) formula was obtained: Logit(P)=-1.530-1.547×gender+0.107×BMI+0.303×coffee consumption frequency-0.238×sodium salt intake+0.278×beverage intake-0.238×sleep quality+0.502×dyslipidemia. The ROC curve showed an area under the curve ( AUC) of 0.750. The Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test: P=0.632, indicating a satisfactory fit. When the formula was applied to the validation set for internal validation, the AUC was 0.745. Conclusion:The occurrence of HUA is influenced by multiple factors. The prediction model constructed in this study has good prediction performance,which may be used to predict the risk of HUA in primary care settings for community-dwelling residents.

OBJECTIVE: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is sensitive to ferroptosis, a new form of programmed cell death that occurs in most tumor types. However, the mechanism through which ferroptosis modulates HCC remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the oncogenic role and prognostic value of FANCD2 and provide novel insights into the prognostic assessment and prediction of immunotherapy. METHODS: Using clinicopathological parameters and bioinformatic techniques, we comprehensively examined the expression of FANCD2 macroscopically and microcosmically. We conducted univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses to identify the prognostic value of FANCD2 in HCC and elucidated the detailed molecular mechanisms underlying the involvement of FANCD2 in oncogenesis by promoting iron-related death. RESULTS: FANCD2 was significantly upregulated in digestive system cancers with abundant immune infiltration. As an independent risk factor for HCC, a high FANCD2 expression level was associated with poor clinical outcomes and response to immune checkpoint blockade. Gene set enrichment analysis revealed that FANCD2 was mainly involved in the cell cycle and CYP450 metabolism. CONCLUSION To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to comprehensively elucidate the oncogenic role of FANCD2. FANCD2 has a tumor-promoting aspect in the digestive system and acts as an independent risk factor in HCC; hence, it has recognized value for predicting tumor aggressiveness and prognosis and may be a potential biomarker for poor responsiveness to immunotherapy.
Humans ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/diagnosis* ; Liver Neoplasms/diagnosis* ; Immunotherapy ; Fanconi Anemia Complementation Group D2 Protein/metabolism* ; Prognosis ; Male ; Female ; Middle Aged ; Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism*

Objective:To explore the efficacy of free medial sural artery perforator flap transplantation in repairing electrical burn wounds on hands and feet.Methods:This study was a retrospective observational study. From November 2017 to September 2023, 21 male patients aged 28-51 years with electrical burns on hands and feet who met the inclusion criteria were admitted to Tongren Hospital of Wuhan University & Wuhan Third Hospital. There were 23 wounds, of which 14 were on the hand and 9 on the foot; 9 were associated with exposed tendon injury, 6 were associated with bone exposure or necrosis, and 8 were associated with joint injury. The wound area after debridement was 4.0 cm×2.5 cm-14.0 cm×10.0 cm. For 2 relatively wide wounds and 2 adjacent fingers/toes wounds, the lobulated flaps centered on 2 medial sural artery perforators were designed and incised for repair. For other wounds, medial sural artery perforator flaps were designed and incised. The flap area was 5.0 cm×3.0 cm-16.0 cm×11.0 cm. The arteriovenous vessels of flap were anastomosed end-to-end with the arteriovenous vessels of the recipient area; the cutaneous nerves of 10 flaps were anastomosed with the nerves in hand wound, and the sural nerve bundle was cut to repair one digital nerve defect. The donor site wound was closed with tension-relieving sutures. Postoperative flap survival and wound healing at donor site were recorded. During follow-up, subsequent flap revision was recorded, the texture and appearance of the flap, as well as the scarring and functional recovery of the donor area of the lower leg, were observed. At the last follow-up, the recovery of hand flap sensation was observed, the satisfaction of patients with the treatment effect of each operation was investigated by using Likert scale, the hand function of the affected hand in patients with hand wounds was evaluated by using the trial standards for evaluation of partial function of upper extremity by the Hand Surgery Society of Chinese Medical Association, and the weight-bearing walking ability of the affected foot in patients with foot wounds was evaluated by Holden walking ability grading.Results:There was a slight necrosis at the distal end of one flap after surgery, which healed after dressing change. All 23 flaps survived. The sutures of the two donor areas were poorly healed due to high local tension, and the second sutures were performed after debridement and drainage, and the healing was good. The wounds of the remaining 21 donor sites healed well. Follow-up of 6-26 months after surgery showed that 3 flaps were slightly bloated, and the appearance was improved after flap reconstruction; the other flaps did not undergo subsequent revision. All flaps were soft and similar to the surrounding tissue morphology. Linear scar remained in the donor site of the lower leg, and walking function was normal. At the last follow-up, the protective sensation of the hand flap was restored; the patients were very satisfied with the results of 21 surgeries and were relatively satisfied with the results of 2 surgeries. Among the 14 patients with hand wounds, the affected hand function was rated as excellent in 10 cases, very good in 3 cases, and acceptable in one case, and the weight-bearing walking ability of the affected foot in 7 patients with foot wounds was all rated as grade Ⅴ.Conclusions:The medial sural artery perforator flap has the advantages of reliable blood supply, appropriate thickness and smoothness, and can be lobulated or cut according to the shape of the wound. The flap demonstrates superior aesthetic and functional restoration in repairing electrical burn wounds on hands and feet, achieving high patient satisfaction with the surgical treatment effect.