There seems to be a contradiction among the symptoms of"non-thirst"and"thirst after oral use of the decoction"stated in original text 41 of Shang Han Lun(Treatise on Febrile Diseases)and the symptom of"probable thirst"stated in original text 40.In this article,the symptoms of thirst or non-thirst in the syndrome of Xiao Qinglong Decoction were expounded through the analysis of the basic theories of traditional Chinese medicine about body fluid metabolism and the pathogenic mechanism of thirst,and by synthesizing the relevant articles recorded in Jin Gui Yao Lve(Synopsis of the Golden Chamber)and the understanding of the syndrome of Xiao Qinglong Decoction by later generations of practitioners.After that,the following views are put forward:non-thirst symptom is the primary sympton of the syndrome of Xiao Qinglong Decoction,which results from the disease;thirst after oral use of the decoction is due to drug-induced thirst,which can be classified into the category of physiological thirst;probable thirst symptom is related with fluid consumption by febrile disease,indicating that the disease involves yangming.The analysis of the symptoms of thirst or non-thirst in the syndrome of Xiao Qinglong Decoction is helpful for evaluation of therapeutic efficacy,and can also be used as the indications of modified medications and differential diagnosis of the disease.The exploration will provide references for the clinical use of Xiao Qinglong Decoction and will be beneficial to improving the clinical efficacy of Xiao Qinglong Decoction.

Gambogic acid, a caged xanthone compound derived from Garcinia, has been proven to be an important substance basis for the pharmacological effects of the plant. In recent years, it has received continuous attention due to its broad and significant pharmacological activities. Modern pharmacological investigations have demonstrated that gambogic acid endows various therapeutic effects such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-tumor activities, as well as benefits in retinopathy, organ protection, anti-microbial infection, bone protection, and neuropathic pain relief. Nevertheless, there is currently a lack of systematic summary and integration of the pharmacological effects and mechanisms of gambogic acid, which is critical for advancing the clinical application of this natural product. In addition, current research has raised concerns about potential safety risks associated with gambogic acid, such as organ toxicity, developmental toxicity, and hemolysis. Given this, this paper systematically reviewed and summarized the pharmacological effects, mechanisms, and toxicological profiles of gambogic acid, aiming to provide reference and data support for its clinical translation.
Xanthones/toxicity* ; Humans ; Animals ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/toxicity* ; Garcinia/chemistry*

Objective: To assess the feasibility of using donors with novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) for allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) when there are no other available donors and allo-HSCT cannot be delayed or discontinued. Methods: Seventy-one patients with malignant hematological diseases undergoing allo-HSCT between December 8, 2022, and January 10, 2023, were included. Of these, 16 received grafts from donors with mild COVID-19 (D-COVID(+) group) and 55 received grafts from donors without COVID-19 (D-COVID(-) group). The graft compositions were compared between the two groups. Engraftment, acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD), overall survival (OS), and relapse were also evaluated. Results: There were no serious side effects or adverse events in the D-COVID(+) group. The mononuclear cell dose and CD34(+) cell dose were comparable between the two groups, and no additional apheresis was required. There were no significant differences in the lymphocyte, monocyte, and T-cell subset doses between the two groups. The median natural killer cell dose in the D-COVID(+) group was significantly higher than that in the D-COVID(-) group (0.69×10(8)/kg vs. 0.53×10(8)/kg, P=0.031). The median follow-up time was 72 (33-104) days. All patients achieved primary engraftment. The 60-day platelet engraftment rates in the D-COVID(+) and D-COVID(-) groups were 100% and (96.4±0.2) %, respectively (P=0.568). There were no significant differences in neutrophil (P=0.309) and platelet (P=0.544) engraftment times. The cumulative incidence of grade 2-4 aGVHD was (37.5±1.6) % vs. (16.4±0.3) % (P=0.062), and of grade 3-4 aGVHD was 25.0% ±1.3% vs. 9.1% ±0.2% (P=0.095) in the D-COVID(+) and D-COVID(-) groups, respectively. The probabilities of 60-day OS were 100% and 98.1% ±1.8% (P=0.522) in the D-COVID(+) and D-COVID(-) groups, respectively. There was no relapse of primary disease during the study period. Conclusion: When allo-HSCT cannot be delayed or discontinued and no other donor is available, a donor with mild COVID-19 should be considered if tolerable. Larger sample sizes and longer follow-up periods are required to validate these results.
Humans ; COVID-19 ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ; Tissue Donors ; Graft vs Host Disease

Abstract: Objective　To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and related factors of norovirus in Guangxi from 2015 to 2020, and to provide scientific recommendations for norovirus prevention and control. Methods The foodborne diseases surveillance data were collected from 11 sentinel hospitals through the National Foodborne Disease Monitoring and Reporting System from 2015 to 2020. R software with version 4.0.3 was used for descriptive and statistical analysis, including epidemic curve, chi-square test, and trend chi-square and so on. Logistic regression was used to analyze norovirus-related factors, OR values and 95% confidence intervals were calculated respectively with the statistical test level of P<0.05. Results There were 1 008 norovirus cases detected, with a detection rate of 12.75% (1 008/7 903). Children with age less than 5 years (OR=1.43, 95%CI: 1.13-1.82) and patients at age 20-45 (OR=1.45, 95%CI: 1.13-1.87) were high risk population. The detection rate was higher in autumn (OR=1.29, 95%CI: 1.08-1.53) but lower in summer (OR=0.67, 95%CI: 0.55-0.80). In addition, the tourist area (Guilin City) presented a higher detection rate than other areas (OR=1.41, 95%CI: 1.10-1.80). Aquatic products (OR=1.40, 95%CI: 1.03-1.91), meat and dairy products (OR=1.31, 95%CI: 1.06-1.61) were high-risk foods for norovirus infection. The prevention and control policies of COVID-19 can reduce the possibility of norovirus by 61% (OR=0.39, 95%CI: 0.31-0.49) showed a declining trend (Trend χ2=85.33, P<0.001). In addition, prolonged visit time can lead to 19%-23% decrease in the detection rate of norovirus (OR24-48 hours=0.81, 95%CI: 0.70-0.95; OR>48 hours=0.77, 95%CI: 0.63-0.93). Conclusions　The epidemic of norovirus presented seasonal and regional distribution in Guangxi with a declining detection rate trend in diarrhea patients during recent 6 years. Young children were high-risk population in infection norovirus. The intake of seafood can increase the risk of norovirus infection. The prevention and control policies of COVID-19 can sharply decrease the possibility of infection norovirus. The monitoring of key foods such as seafood should be strengthened, and the early screening of suspected cases should be taken. The norovirus monitoring should be improved to ensure the health of the population.

Intervention mapping (IM) is a framework for formulating theory-and evidence-based health education projects with participatory approaches from ecological perspectives.The intervention program designed via IM plays a role in reducing the exposure of cancer risk factors,increasing cancer prevention behaviors,and promoting early cancer screening and rehabilitation of cancer patients.This study summarizes the characteristics,implementation steps,and application status of IM in tertiary prevention of cancer,aiming to provide reference for the application of IM in the health education projects for cancer in China.
Humans ; Tertiary Prevention ; Neoplasms/prevention & control* ; China ; Risk Factors

Objective: To investigate the risk factors for human cytomegalovirus infection after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in children and the impact of human cytomegalovirus infection on post-transplant immune reconstitution. Methods: A Retrospective Co-Hort study design was used to include 81 children treated with allo-HSCT from January 2020 to March 2022 at the Department of Hematology, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China, and followed up for 1 year. Real-time quantitative PCR was used to detect positive detection of HCMV in children after allo-HSCT, multifactorial logistic regression modeling was used to analyze the risk factors leading to HCMV infection, and generalized estimating equation modeling was used to analyze the effect of HCMV infection on the T-cells of the children who received allo-HSCT. Results: The age M(Q₁, Q₃) of 81 children was 5.1 years (10 months, 13.8 years), and 50 (61.7%) were male. By the endpoint of follow-up, a total of 50 HCMV-positive cases were detected, with an HCMV detection rate of 61.7%; The results of multifactorial logistic regression modeling showed that children with grade 2-4 aGVHD had a higher risk of HCMV infection compared with grade 0-1 after transplantation [OR (95%CI) value: 2.735 (1.027-7.286)]. The results of generalized estimating equation modeling analysis showed that the number of CD3⁺T cells in HCMV-positive children after transplantation was higher than that in the HCMV-negative group [RR (95%CI) value: 1.34 (1.008-1.795)]; the ratio of CD4⁺T/CD8⁺T cells was smaller than that in the HCMV-negative group [RR (95%CI) value: 0.377 (0.202-0.704)]; the number of CD8⁺T cells was higher than that in the HCMV-negative group [RR (95%CI) value: 1.435 (1.025-2.061)]; the number of effector memory CD8⁺T cells was higher than that in the HCMV-negative group [RR (95%CI) value: 1.877 (1.089-3.236)]. Conclusion: Acute graft-versus-host disease may be a risk factor for HCMV infection in children after allo-HSCT; post-transplant HCMV infection promotes proliferation of memory CD8+T-cell populations and affects immune cell reconstitution.
Male ; Humans ; Child ; Female ; Immune Reconstitution ; Retrospective Studies ; Cytomegalovirus Infections ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation/adverse effects* ; CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes

Objective: To investigate the risk factors for human cytomegalovirus infection after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in children and the impact of human cytomegalovirus infection on post-transplant immune reconstitution. Methods: A Retrospective Co-Hort study design was used to include 81 children treated with allo-HSCT from January 2020 to March 2022 at the Department of Hematology, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China, and followed up for 1 year. Real-time quantitative PCR was used to detect positive detection of HCMV in children after allo-HSCT, multifactorial logistic regression modeling was used to analyze the risk factors leading to HCMV infection, and generalized estimating equation modeling was used to analyze the effect of HCMV infection on the T-cells of the children who received allo-HSCT. Results: The age M(Q₁, Q₃) of 81 children was 5.1 years (10 months, 13.8 years), and 50 (61.7%) were male. By the endpoint of follow-up, a total of 50 HCMV-positive cases were detected, with an HCMV detection rate of 61.7%; The results of multifactorial logistic regression modeling showed that children with grade 2-4 aGVHD had a higher risk of HCMV infection compared with grade 0-1 after transplantation [OR (95%CI) value: 2.735 (1.027-7.286)]. The results of generalized estimating equation modeling analysis showed that the number of CD3⁺T cells in HCMV-positive children after transplantation was higher than that in the HCMV-negative group [RR (95%CI) value: 1.34 (1.008-1.795)]; the ratio of CD4⁺T/CD8⁺T cells was smaller than that in the HCMV-negative group [RR (95%CI) value: 0.377 (0.202-0.704)]; the number of CD8⁺T cells was higher than that in the HCMV-negative group [RR (95%CI) value: 1.435 (1.025-2.061)]; the number of effector memory CD8⁺T cells was higher than that in the HCMV-negative group [RR (95%CI) value: 1.877 (1.089-3.236)]. Conclusion: Acute graft-versus-host disease may be a risk factor for HCMV infection in children after allo-HSCT; post-transplant HCMV infection promotes proliferation of memory CD8+T-cell populations and affects immune cell reconstitution.
Male ; Humans ; Child ; Female ; Immune Reconstitution ; Retrospective Studies ; Cytomegalovirus Infections ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation/adverse effects* ; CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes

Objective To evaluate the risk of hearing loss of assembly workers in an automobile manufacturing factory. Methods An 8-hour equivalent sound level monitoring was carried out for assembly posts in an automobile factory. The risk of noise-induced hearing loss of assembly workers was measured using the method specified in ISO 1999:2013(E). The risk of noise-induced hearing loss was assessed in a graded manner according to the Guidelines for the Management of Occupational Disease Hazards from Noise. The results were statistically analyzed using Pearson correlation analysis. Results The average 8-hour equivalent sound level of the assembly work post in this automobile manufacturing factory was 89.5 dB (A). At 4000 Hz, the hearing loss N₅₀ (dB) of assembly workers reached the maximum. The longer the exposure time, the higher the risk of high-frequency standard hearing threshold shift. The risk of high-frequency standard hearing threshold shift was at a relatively high level at 30 years of work, while the risk of noise deafness reached a higher level after 40 years of work. Conclusion The 8-hour equivalent sound level (L_EX,8h) of assembly workers in the automobile factory exceeds the occupational exposure limit. With the increase of exposure years, the risk of high-frequency standard hearing threshold shift and noise deafness increases.

Objective: To explore the effect of down-regulation of retinol binding protein 2 (RBP2) expression on the biological characteristics of ovarian cancer cells and its mechanism. Methods: Knockdown of RBP2 and cisplatin (DDP)-resistant ovarian cancer cell line SKOV3/DDP-RBP2i was established, the negative control group and blank control group were also set. Cell counting kit 8 (CCK-8) was used to detect the cell proliferation ability, flow cytometry was used to detect cell apoptosis, scratch test and Transwell invasion test were used to detect cell migration and invasion ability, real-time fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and western blot were used to detect the expressions of molecular markers related to epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). The effect of RBP2 on the growth of ovarian cancer was verified through experiment of transplanted tumors in nude mice, and the relationships between RBP2 expression and tumor metastasis and patient prognosis were analyzed using the clinical data of ovarian cancer in TCGA database. Results: After down-regulating the expression of RBP2, the proliferation ability of SKOV3/DDP cell was significantly reduced. On the fifth day, the proliferation activities of SKOV3/DDP-RBP2i group, negative control group and blank control group were (56.67±4.16)%, (84.67±3.51) and (87.00±4.00)% respectively, with statistically significant difference (P<0.001). The apoptosis rate of SKOV3/DDP-RBP2i group was (14.19±1.50)%, higher than (8.77±0.75)% of the negative control group and (7.48±0.52)% of the blank control group (P<0.001). The number of invasive cells of SKOV3/DDP-RBP2i group was (55.20±2.39), lower than (82.60±5.18) and (80.80±7.26) of the negative control group and the blank control group, respectively (P<0.001). The scratch healing rate of SKOV3/DDP-RBP2i group was (28.47±2.72)%, lower than (50.58±4.06)% and (48.92±4.63)% of the negative control group and the blank control group, respectively (P<0.001). The mRNA and protein expressions of E-cadherin in the SKOV3/DDP-RBP2i group were higher than those in the negative control group (P=0.015, P<0.001) and the blank control group (P=0.006, P<0.001). The mRNA and protein expression of N-cadherin in SKOV3/DDP-RBP2i group were lower than those in the negative control group (P=0.012, P<0.001) and the blank control group (P=0.005, P<0.001). The mRNA and protein expressions of vimentin in SKOV3/DDP-RBP2i group were also lower than those in the negative control group (P=0.016, P=0.001) and the blank control group (P=0.011, P=0.001). Five weeks after the cells inoculated into the nude mice, the tumor volume of SKOV3/DDP-RBP2i group, negative control group and blank control group were statistically significant different. The tumor volume of SKOV3/DDP-RBP2i group was smaller than those of negative control group and blank control group (P=0.001). Bioinformatics analysis showed that the expression of RBP2 in patients with metastatic ovarian cancer was higher than that without metastasis (P=0.043), and the median overall survival of ovarian cancer patients with high RBP2 expression was 41 months, shorter than 69 months of low RBP2 expression patients (P<0.001). Conclusion: Downregulation of the expression of RBP2 in SKOV3/DDP cells can inhibit cell migration and invasion, and the mechanism may be related to the inhibition of EMT.
Animals ; Apoptosis ; Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial/genetics* ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; Cisplatin/pharmacology* ; Drug Resistance, Neoplasm/genetics* ; Female ; Gene Silencing ; Humans ; Mice ; Mice, Nude ; Ovarian Neoplasms/pathology* ; Retinol-Binding Proteins, Cellular/metabolism*

Objective: To explore the prevalence and risk factors of neck musculoskeletal diseases (MSDs) of welders among an automobile factory. Methods: In June 2019, a cluster random sampling method was used to select 677 electric welders from an automobile manufacturing plant in Shiyan City as the survey objects, and a questionnaire survey was conducted using the "Musculoskeletal Disorders Questionnaire" to analyze the prevalence and influencing factors of neck MSDs, and used logistic regression to analyze the relationship between the influencing factors and the prevalence of cervical MSDs. Results: The prevalence rate of MSDs in neck of welders was 54.8% (371/677) . The exposure rate of occupational factors, from high to low, were neckin a bent formord porsure was 71.6% (486/677) , repetitive head movements was 55.1% (373/677) , working in uncomfortable postures was 48.7% (330/677) and neck twisted was 46.8% (317/677) respectively. Sex, age, educational level, length of service, smoking, neck tilt, neck twist, working in uncomfortable posture and head repetitive movements were the risk factors of neck MSDs (P<0.05) . Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that, the main influencing factors of neck MSDs were sex, education level, age, length of service, smoking, neck tilt, working in uncomfortable posture (OR = 2.11, 2.03, 1.83, 1.21, 1.78, 1.90, 1.58, 95%CI: 1.28~3.48、1.47~2.81、1.33~2.52、1.03~1.41、1.22~2.60、1.28~2.83、1.11~2.27, P<0.05) , rest had protective effect on neck MSDs (OR= 0.38, 95%CI: 0.17~0.88, P<0.05) . Conclusion: Welders in automobile factory was highly exposed to occupational risk factors for neck MSDs. Occupational risk factors such as neck in a bent forward posture, working in an uncomfortable posture, prolonged siting, repetitive head movement should be the focus of intervention.
Automobiles ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Humans ; Metal Workers ; Musculoskeletal Diseases/epidemiology* ; Occupational Diseases/epidemiology* ; Prevalence ; Risk Factors ; Surveys and Questionnaires