Objective: To investigate the factors influencing the co-prevalence of allergic rhinitis and obesity among primary and secondary school students in Inner Mongolia, so as to provide a data foundation and theoretical basis for developing targeted intervention measures. Methods: In September and October 2024, a stratified cluster random sampling method was employed to select 139 102 students from 539 schools across 12 leagues/cities and 103 banners/counties in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. Participants who were diagnosed with allergic rhinitis by a doctor at least once within one year and had a body mass index ≥ 28 kg/m 2 were considered to have comorbid conditions. Results: The coprevalence rate of allergic rhinitis and obesity among primary and secondary school students in Inner Mongolia was 6.4% (8 931 cases). Lasso-Logistic regression revealed that nonboarding status, higher maternal education, consuming high protein foods ≥1 time daily, occasionally or never eating breakfast, engaging in moderate to vigorous physical activity for ≥60 minutes on fewer than half of holidays, and having been exposed to second hand smoke in person within the past seven days were associated with higher odds ratios for co-prevalence of allergic rhinitis and obesity( OR = 1.23 , 1.22-1.63, 1.20, 1.19, 1.38, 1.35); being female, higher grade level, residence in flag/county/district areas, non only child status, never having consumed a full glass of alcohol, non hypertensive status, and households without pets were associated with lower co-prevalence risks ( OR =0.65, 0.67-0.77, 0.81, 0.87, 0.73, 0.41, 0.68) (all P <0.05). The ROC curve indicated an area under the curve of 0.64 for the predictive model, demonstrating satisfactory discriminatory ability. The calibration curve showed consistency between predicted and actual occurrence probabilities. Conclusions The co-prevalence of allergic rhinitis and obesity among primary and secondary school students in Inner Mongolia is closely associated with demographic characteristics, dietary behaviours, and lifestyle habits. Future prevention and control strategies should prioritize these factors to implement targeted interventions.

Objective:To develop a treatment-related quality of life scale for Chinese patients with multiple myeloma (MM) and to test its reliability and validity.Methods:The initial scale was constructed through a literature search, Delphi expert correspondence, and cognitive testing. This study conducted a preliminary survey of 379 patients with MM and a formal survey of 865 patients from the hematology departments of 155 hospitals nationwide from February 2024 to March 2024. The final scale was obtained after conducting item analysis and reliability and validity tests on the initial scale.Results:The constructed scale contains 36 items covering six domains: physiological, psychological, social, treatment side effects, general health, and others. In the preliminary survey, the Cronbach’s alpha coefficient of each item ranged from 0.597 to 0.939, and the test-retest reliability was 0.747 ( P<0.001). Exploratory factor analysis extracted eight common factors with a cumulative variance contribution of 60.058%. In the formal survey, the Cronbach’s alpha coefficient of each item ranged from 0.484 to 0.930, and the test-retest reliability was 0.835 ( P<0.001). Confirmatory factor analysis revealed a comparative fit index of 0.750, a root-mean-square error of approximation of 0.090, and a root-mean-square residual of 0.067. Conclusion:The treatment-related quality of life scale for Chinese patients with MM designed in this study exhibited good reliability and validity, reflecting the impact of treatment on the quality of life of patients. This scale can provide a reference to clinicians for assessing the disease status of patients.

Objective:To evaluate the efficacy and safety of the CLAE (cladribine + cytarabine + etoposide) regimen in refractory/relapsed T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma (R/R T-ALL/LBL) .Methods:Patients with R/R T-ALL/LBL received the CLAE regimen in a prospective, multicenter, single-arm clinical study or compassionate use. From March 2019 to August 2024, data from 25 patients (18 in the study across five centers and 7 receiving compassionate treatment in Peking University Third Hospital) were collected. Outcomes included objective response rate, complete response (CR) rate, partial response (PR) rate after 1–2 cycles, bridging to allo-HSCT, progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), and treatment-related adverse effects.Results:Median age was 29 years (range, 13–63) ; 17 were male. Among the 24 evaluable patients, CR rate was 33.3% overall and 41.2% among enrolled patients. Median OS and PFS time were 199 (46–1 310) and 49 (28–1 310) days, respectively. Cumulative OS rate at 6 months, 1 year, and 2 years was (52.1±10.2) %, (29.7±9.3) %, and (27.1±9.1) %, respectively; cumulative PFS rate was (32.6±9.6) %, (24.9±8.9) %, and (23.8±8.7) %, respectively. Among patients achieving CR or PR (8 cases), median OS and PFS were not reached. Cumulative OS rate at 6 months, 1 year, and 2 years was (86.8±12.0) %, (78.3±14.6) %, and (72.9±15.7) %, respectively, and the cumulative PFS rate was (86.4±12.1) %, (74.8±15.3) %, and (72.9±15.7) %, respectively. Adverse events were mainly hematologic; no treatment-related mortality occurred. Seven patients achieving CR were bridged to allo-HSCT, with 5 remaining in continuous remission.Conclusion:The CLAE regimen is safe and effective for R/R T-ALL/LBL, facilitating CR as a bridge to allo-HSCT and potentially improving patient prognosis.

Objective:To analyze the clinical characteristics, genetic features and prognosis of infantile epileptic spasms syndrome (IESS) associated with mitochondrial gene variants.Methods:A case-series study was conducted, including 18 children diagnosed with mitochondrial gene variant-associated IESS at the Department of Pediatrics, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University from June 2016 to June 2025. General data, clinical manifestations, laboratory findings and treatment outcomes were systematically analyzed.Results:Among the 18 children, 11 were boys, 7 were girls, the age of seizure onset was 6 (3, 9) months. Elevated lactate level was found in 7 children. Neuroimaging of magnetic resonance imaging revealed cerebral atrophy in 10 cases, and basal ganglia, thalamic, or midbrain lesions in 3 cases. Genetic testing identified 12 pathogenic genes, including mitochondrial protein synthesis-related genes: AFG3L2 (4 cases), PARS2 (3 cases), RARS2 (1 case), MIPEP (1 case), and PTCD3 (1 case); respiratory chain enzyme complex-related genes: FOXRED1 (2 cases), NDUFS7 (1 case), MT-ND1 (1 case), and MT-ATP6 (1 case); and other mitochondrial-related genes: POLG (1 case), COQ4 (1 case), and PDHA1 (1 case). ACTH or prednisone therapy was administered in 14 children, with 5 achieving spasm control for ≥28 d spasm freedom and resolution of hypsarrhythmia on electroencephalogram. Ketogenic diet therapy was used in 4 children, and effective in 1 case with the PDHA1 gene variant. Fourteen patients exhibited drug-resistant epilepsy requiring ≥2 antiseizure medications. At a follow-up of 3.0 (1.5, 4.3) years, 3 children died. Among 12 children ≥3 years of age, modified Rankin scale (mRS) scores demonstrated 1 case with favorable outcomes (mRS ≤2 score) and 11 with poor outcomes (mRS >2 score).Conclusions:Mitochondrial gene variants in IESS mainly involve mitochondrial respiratory chain enzyme complexes and protein synthesis pathways, typically manifesting as drug-resistant epilepsy with poor prognosis. Elevated lactate levels combined with cerebral atrophy or basal ganglia lesions may aid diagnosis.

Objective:To design an auxiliary device based on embedded microcontroller system for venipuncture,which can adjust posture,so as to resolve the problem that occurs failure in puncture due to insufficient exposure of the puncture site in various scenarios.Methods:The device consisted of a support component,an air ring,a component with lifting and angle adjustment,and a pedestal.By advanced embedded microcontroller technique,it can precisely regulate the posture of the support structure of patient's limbs,and fully expose the targeted puncture site,and create more favorable conditions for nurses in performing punctures.A total of 2,482 patients who underwent blood collection at emergency department of the 305th Hospital of the People's Liberation Army from September to October 2024 were selected.The 1,204 patients were enrolled in September were divided into control group(without using the auxiliary device for venipuncture),and the 1,278 patients were enrolled in October were divided into observation group(using the auxiliary device for venipuncture).The puncture's one-time success rates of junior nurses(experience≤3 years)for both groups were compared.Each group respectively selected 150 patients by using the random number table method to conduct investigate,and satisfaction scores for success rate of puncture,and comfort degree of puncture for position,as well as the pain,process and efficiency,were investigated Results:The puncture's one-time success rates of junior nurses for the patients of control and observation groups were respectively 85.05%and 89.36%,with a statistically significant difference(x2=10.35,P<0.05).The satisfaction scores of patients in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group,with a statistically significant difference(t=-5.529,P<0.05).Conclusion:This device is simple and convenient in operation,and has favorable stability.It is beneficial to adjust position and exposure puncture site for patients who undergo peripheral venipuncture.It can improve puncture's success rate and patients'satisfaction.

AIM To optimize the formulation process for Qingyan Zhitong Granules,and to conduct quality control.METHODS With drug-excipient ratio,ethanol concentration,ethanol consumption and drying temperature as influencing factors,comprehensive score for molding rate,dissolution rate,moisture absorption rate and repose angle as an evaluation index,the formulation process was optimized by Box-Behnken response surface method combined with entropy weighting method on the basis of Plackett-Burman design.The physical fingerprints and HPLC fingerprints were established,after which TLC was adopted in the qualitative identification of Lonicerae japonicae Flos,Forsythiae Fructus,Arctii Fructus and Prunellae Spica,HPLC was used for the content determination of chlorogenic acid,glycyrrhizin,luteoloside A,rosmarinic acid,arctiin,forsythoside and baicalin.RESULTS The optimal conditions were determined to be 1∶1 for drug-excipient ratio,95％for ethanol concentration,3.75 mL for ethanol consumption,67.5 ℃ for drying temperature,and 10 min for drying time,the comprehensive score was 97.717 8.The clear TLC spots demonstrated good reproducible without negative interference.The contents of chlorogenic acid,arctiin and baicalin were not less than 6,5 and 3 mg in 1 g preparation.The physical fingerprints for 5 batches of samples displayed the similarities of more than 0.99.There were 23 common peaks in the fingerprints for 15 batches of samples with the similarities of more than 0.98,7 of which were identified.CONCLUSION This stable and feasible method can provide basis for the industrial production and quality evaluation of Qingyan Zhitong Granules.

Objective:To investigate the prevalence status and the clinical characteristics of hepatitis D virus (HDV) among patients chronically infected with hepatitis B virus (HBV) in the Xinjiang region.Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted. Serum samples from 1 830 patients with chronic HBV infection who visited the Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region from December 2022 to October 2023 were collected. All sera were tested for anti-HDV IgG and IgM. Sera positive for anti-HDV IgG or IgM were selected for HDV RNA detection. HDV RNA-positive sera were sequenced to determine the HDV genotype. Age, gender, HBV course, and anti-HBV treatment status were used as scoring items based on the propensity score matching (PSM) method. Chronic HBV patients with negative anti-HDV were matched in a ratio of 1∶1. The clinical characteristics of anti-HDV -positive-patients were analyzed. The t-test was used for comparison between groups of normally distributed continuous data. The Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used for comparison between groups of skewness distribution. The χ2 test was used for comparison between groups of enumeration data. Results:The positive detection rates of anti-HDV IgG, anti-HDV IgM, and HDV RNA in 1 830 cases with chronic HBV infection were 2.24% (41/1 830), 1.09% (20/1 830), and 1.69% (31/1 830), respectively. All HDV RNA-positive patients had HDV genotype 1. Two anti-HDV-positive patients had negative hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg). Gender, age, HBV course, and anti-HBV treatment status had no significant difference. The quantification of HBsAg, liver biochemical indexes (alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, and total bile acids), the proportion of patients with liver cirrhosis, and alpha-fetoprotein were significantly higher in the anti-HDV-positive group than in those in the anti-HDV-negative group ( P<0.05). Conclusion:The prevalence rate of HDV in chronic HBV-infected patients at a single center in the Xinjiang region was 2.24%, with the primary genotype being 1. Furthermore, overlap infection should be paid attention to because it might aggravate liver damage.

Aim To investigate the mechanisms of the ultrafiltration membrane extract of Angelica sinensis and Radix Hedysari extracts on oxidative stress in rats with diabetic kidney disease(DKD).Methods Forty-five SD rats were randomly divided into a control group(n=8)a model group(n=37).Rats in the model group were fed a high-sugar,high-fat diet for four weeks,followed by intraperitoneal injection of strepto-zotocin at a dose of 30 mg·kg-1 to induce diabetes in the rats.Three weeks later,rats with 24-hour urinary protein(24-hUP)levels more than or equal to 30 mg were injected via the tail vein with 0.05 mg·kg-1 of 10％high molecular weight dextran for three times to induce a model of blood stasis in diabetic kidney dis-ease(DKD).The rats were then evaluated for random blood glucose(GLU)levels,24-hUP,biochemical markers,histopathological staining,and the protein expression of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phos-phate(NADPH)oxidase(NOX)1,NOX2,NOX3,NOX4,and NOX5 in renal tissues using immunoblot a-nalysis.Results Compared to the control group,rats in the model group showed significantly increased GLU,24-hUP,SCr,BUN,TG,TC,bu markedly de-creased ALB2,HDL,LDL levels,and the relative ex-pression of NOX1,NOX2,NOX4,NOX5 proteins in-creased markedly(P＜0.01);Comparison with the model group,rats in the treatment group exhibited sig-nificantly decreased GLU,24-hUP,SCr,BUN,TG,TC at 6 weeks and 8 weeks,but markedly increased ALB2,HDL,LDL levels,and the relative expression of NOX1,NOX2,NOX4,NOX5 proteins decreased significantly(P＜0.05).Conclusions The ultrafil-tration membrane extract of Angelica sinensis and Radix Hedysari can effectively ameliorate oxidative stress and renal function in DKD rats,which may be associated with targets within the NOX family.

Aim To establish an animal model of diabetic kidney disease(DKD)integrating blood stasis syndrome and syndrome evaluation indicators.Methods Twenty-five SD rats were ran-domly divided according to body weight into a control group(8 rats)and a modeling group(17 rats).The modeling group was fed a high-sugar and high-fat diet for four weeks and induced to form diabetic rats by intraperitoneal injection of 30 mg·kg-1 streptozocin.The modeling rats were randomly divided into the DKD group and blood stasis syndrome combination group accord-ing to 24-hour urinary protein(24-hUP).The blood stasis syn-drome combination group was induced to replicate the DKD blood stasis syndrome model by injecting 10％high molecular weight D-glucoside three times at a dose of 0.05 mg·kg-1 via tail vein.The model was evaluated based on random blood glu-cose level,24-hUP level,syndrome assessment,pathological staining etc,and differential metabolites were selected using metabolomics.Results The comprehensive evaluation of syn-drome manifestations and pathological staining in the combined model of blood stasis syndrome in rats demonstrated successful replication.Utilizing the technique of liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry,22 differential metabolites were identified,with associated pathways showing a certain relevance to blood stasis syndrome in DKD.Conclusions The successful replica-tion of an animal model combining the syndrome of blood stasis in DKD has been achieved in this study.Evaluation of indicators and results from metabolomics studies consistently demonstrate a correlation with the syndrome of blood stasis in DKD.

Objective To explore the expression of Nudix hydrolase 5(NUDT5)protein in breast cancer tissues and its correlation with ultrasound signs and clinicopathological characteristics.Methods A total of 108 patients with breast cancer admitted to our hospital from October 2019 to April 2022 were selected as the research objects.Ultrasound examination was performed before operation to observe the ultrasound signs of patients.Immunohistochemical method was used to detect the expressions of estrogen receptor(ER),progesterone receptor(PR)and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2(HER-2)in breast cancer tissues,and the expression levels of NUDT5 protein in breast cancer tissues and adjacent tissues,and the relationships of NUDT5 protein expression with ultrasound signs and clinicopathological characteristics of patients were analyzed.Results Among 108 patients,there were 62 cases with ER positive,60 cases with PR positive,and 28 cases with HER-2 positive.The positive expression rate of NUDT5 protein in breast cancer tissues was higher than that in adjacent tissues(P<0.05).The positive expression rate of NUDT5 protein was higher in breast cancer tissues with microcalcification,blood flow imaging grade(grade 2 to 3)and lymph node metastasis(P<0.05).The positive expression of NUDT5 protein was correlated with histological grade,ER and HER-2(P<0.05).The expression of NUDT5 protein in breast cancer tissue was positively correlated with ER negative and HER-2 positive(rs=0.463,0.398,P<0.05).Conclusion The positive expression rate of NUDT5 protein in breast cancer tissues is higher than that in adjacent tissues,and its expression has a certain correlation with microcalcification,blood flow imaging grade(grade 2 to 3),lymph node metastasis in ultrasound signs and histological grade,ER,and HER-2 in clinicopathological characteristics.