Objective To explore the clinical efficacy of plasma exchange (PE) and double-filtration plasmapheresis (DFPP) pretreatment regimens for high-titer ABO-incompatible kidney transplantation (ABOi-KT). Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on 31 cases of ABOi-KT with a follow-up period ≥1 year admitted to Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University from April 2016 to August 2025. The efficacy differences between the PE combined with rituximab (RTX) + oral triple immunosuppressive regimen and the DFPP combined with RTX + oral triple immunosuppressive regimen were compared and analyzed. The titers of blood group antibodies and serum creatinine levels before and after the operation were monitored. The survival curves and cumulative risk occurrence curves were plotted using the Kaplan-Meier method. The survival rates of recipients and transplanted kidneys and the occurrence of complications were analyzed. Results Both the PE regimen and the DFPP regimen may effectively reduce the preoperative blood group antibody titer of the recipients to ≤1∶16. The one-year survival rate of the recipients and the transplanted kidneys both reached 100% after the operation. The postoperative serum creatinine levels of recipients who received the DFPP regimen were lower and more stable. There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of complications between the two regimens during the same follow-up period. Conclusions Both the PE and DFPP regimens are effective pretreatment regimens for ABOi-KT. The DFPP regimen has more advantages in reducing treatment operations, lowering drug dosage and maintaining the stability of postoperative renal function. For recipients with a high initial antibody titer (≥ 1∶32), individualized determination of the number and frequency of plasma processing for pretreatment may achieve ideal therapeutic effects.

Objective To explore the change pattern of quantitative parameters in contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT) scans during the cortical and nephrographic phases in patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC), evaluate the diagnostic efficiency of these quantitative parameters in predicting the pathological grade of ccRCC preoperatively, and provide imaging reference for clinically evaluating preoperative disease severity and formulating individualized therapeutic regimens. Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on the clinical data of 84 patients with ccRCC treated in our hospital between September 2022 and September 2024. According to the World Health Organization/International Society of Urological Pathology (WHO/ISUP) pathological grading system, patients were divided into a high-grade group (n = 32) and a low-grade group (n = 52). CECT features and quantitative parameters were compared between the two groups. The relationships between CECT quantitative parameters and pathological grading in ccRCC patients were analyzed using Spearman correlation. The diagnostic value of these parameters for preoperative pathological grading was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic curves. Results The maximum tumor diameter and the proportion of tumors with blurred margins were higher in the high-grade group than in the low-grade group (P<0.05). The CT values, net enhancement values, and enhancement rates during both the cortical and nephrographic phases were lower in the high-grade group than in the low-grade group (P<0.05). Spearman correlation analysis showed that the CT values, net enhancement values, and enhancement rates during both the cortical and nephrographic phases were negatively correlated with preoperative pathological grades in ccRCC patients (P<0.05). Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis revealed that the area under the curve for preoperative pathological grading using the combination of cortical phase CT value, cortical phase net enhancement value, cortical phase enhancement rate, nephrographic phase CT value, nephrographic phase net enhancement value, and nephrographic phase enhancement rate was 0.912, which was higher than the areas for any individual parameter used alone (0.770, 0.748, 0.763, 0.751, 0.739, and 0.718, respectively; P<0.05). The sensitivity, specificity, and 95% confidence interval for the parameters used in combination were 96.88%, 69.23%, and 0.853-0.970, respectively. Conclusion CECT quantitative parameters were negatively correlated with pathological grades in patients with single ccRCC and demonstrated high diagnostic efficiency for pathological grading, providing a reference for clinical treatment planning.

Objective To investigate the role and regulatory mechanism of LINC00657 in the progression of cervical cancer. Methods Bioinformatics analysis predicted potential binding sites between LINC00657 and miR-30a-5p and between miR-30a-5p and Skp2. These sites were verified by using RNA immunoprecipitation and dual-luciferase reporter experiments. LINC00657, miR-30a-5p, and Skp2 mRNA expression levels in cervical cancer tissues and cell lines were assessed by utilizing RT-qPCR. Western blot analysis was employed to examine the protein levels of Skp2 in cells and subcutaneous xenograft tumor models in nude mice. Immunohistochemistry was applied to analyze Skp2 expression in animal tissues. The cellular processes of cervical cancer cell lines were evaluated through CCK-8, scratch, and Transwell assays. Results LINC00657 and Skp2 presented binding sites for miR-30a-5p. In cervical cancer, LINC00657 and Skp2 showed high expression levels (P<0.05), whereas miR-30a-5p displayed low expression (P<0.05). Functional experiments demonstrated that linc00657 upregulates Skp2 expression, a process that is dependent on its sequestration of miR-30a-5p. Conclusion LINC00657 promoted the malignant progression of cervical cancer by upregulating Skp2 expression through specifically sequestering miR-30a-5p, thereby relieving its inhibitory effect on the target gene Skp2.

ObjectiveTo explore the molecular mechanisms by which serum containing Gegen Qinlian Tang （GQT） inhibits glycolysis and enhances chemotherapy sensitivity in 5-fluorouracil （5-FU）-resistant colorectal cancer （CRC） cells based on the cyclin-dependent kinase 16 （CDK16）/MYC proto-oncogene （MYC） pathway. MethodsHCT-116/5-FU cells were treated with different concentrations （5%， 10%， 20%， 30%） of GQT-containing serum. Cell viability and 5-FU sensitivity were assessed using the cell counting kit-8 （CCK-8） assay， and the experimental concentrations of 5-FU and GQT for subsequent experiments were determined. Cell proliferation and apoptosis under individual 5-FU， GQT， and combined 5-FU + GQT treatments were evaluated using 5-ethynyl-2′-deoxyuridine （EDU） staining and annexin V-FITC/PI double staining， respectively. Glucose consumption， adenosine triphosphate （ATP） production， and lactate levels were measured by colorimetric assays. Expression levels of glycolysis-related proteins， CDK16， MYC， and phosphorylated MYC were detected by Western blot. Co-immunoprecipitation （CoIP） was used to examine the protein interaction between CDK16 and MYC， and cycloheximide （CHX） treatment was applied to assess the effect of CDK16 overexpression on MYC protein stability. ResultsCCK-8 assays showed that 2.5 mg·L^-1 5-FU significantly inhibited HCT-116 cell viability in a dose-dependent manner. In HCT-116/5-FU cells， significant inhibition was observed only at 5 mg·L^-1 5-FU （P<0.05）， which was used for model establishment. Compared with 5-FU alone， addition of 5% GQT-containing serum significantly suppressed HCT-116/5-FU cell viability （P<0.05）， with stronger inhibition at higher serum concentrations. Thus， 5% GQT-containing serum was used in subsequent experiments. Compared with the control group， 5-FU， GQT， and 5-FU + GQT treatments all significantly reduced cell proliferation （P<0.05） and increased apoptosis （P<0.01）. The 5-FU + GQT combination showed superior inhibition of proliferation compared with 5-FU or GQT alone （P<0.01）， accompanied by more pronounced reductions in glucose consumption， ATP production， and lactate generation （P<0.01）. Additionally， compared with control， 5-FU， and GQT groups， the 5-FU + GQT group exhibited stronger suppression of MYC and its phosphorylated forms （P<0.01） and greater inhibition of glycolytic enzymes， including hexokinase 2 （HK2）， 3-phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase 1 （PDK1）， lactate dehydrogenase A （LDHA）， and pyruvate kinase M2 （PKM2） （P<0.01）. CDK16， MYC， and MYC phosphorylation expression levels were significantly downregulated in the 5-FU + GQT group compared with the 5-FU group （all P<0.01）. MYC protein stability decreased in a time-dependent manner in the 5-FU + GQT group （P<0.05）， which was rescued by CDK16 overexpression （P<0.05）. ConclusionGQT significantly enhances the sensitivity of HCT-116/5-FU cells to 5-FU， potentially by inhibiting CDK16 and thereby reducing MYC-mediated glycolysis.

ObjectiveTo explore the molecular mechanisms by which serum containing Gegen Qinlian Tang （GQT） inhibits glycolysis and enhances chemotherapy sensitivity in 5-fluorouracil （5-FU）-resistant colorectal cancer （CRC） cells based on the cyclin-dependent kinase 16 （CDK16）/MYC proto-oncogene （MYC） pathway. MethodsHCT-116/5-FU cells were treated with different concentrations （5%， 10%， 20%， 30%） of GQT-containing serum. Cell viability and 5-FU sensitivity were assessed using the cell counting kit-8 （CCK-8） assay， and the experimental concentrations of 5-FU and GQT for subsequent experiments were determined. Cell proliferation and apoptosis under individual 5-FU， GQT， and combined 5-FU + GQT treatments were evaluated using 5-ethynyl-2′-deoxyuridine （EDU） staining and annexin V-FITC/PI double staining， respectively. Glucose consumption， adenosine triphosphate （ATP） production， and lactate levels were measured by colorimetric assays. Expression levels of glycolysis-related proteins， CDK16， MYC， and phosphorylated MYC were detected by Western blot. Co-immunoprecipitation （CoIP） was used to examine the protein interaction between CDK16 and MYC， and cycloheximide （CHX） treatment was applied to assess the effect of CDK16 overexpression on MYC protein stability. ResultsCCK-8 assays showed that 2.5 mg·L^-1 5-FU significantly inhibited HCT-116 cell viability in a dose-dependent manner. In HCT-116/5-FU cells， significant inhibition was observed only at 5 mg·L^-1 5-FU （P<0.05）， which was used for model establishment. Compared with 5-FU alone， addition of 5% GQT-containing serum significantly suppressed HCT-116/5-FU cell viability （P<0.05）， with stronger inhibition at higher serum concentrations. Thus， 5% GQT-containing serum was used in subsequent experiments. Compared with the control group， 5-FU， GQT， and 5-FU + GQT treatments all significantly reduced cell proliferation （P<0.05） and increased apoptosis （P<0.01）. The 5-FU + GQT combination showed superior inhibition of proliferation compared with 5-FU or GQT alone （P<0.01）， accompanied by more pronounced reductions in glucose consumption， ATP production， and lactate generation （P<0.01）. Additionally， compared with control， 5-FU， and GQT groups， the 5-FU + GQT group exhibited stronger suppression of MYC and its phosphorylated forms （P<0.01） and greater inhibition of glycolytic enzymes， including hexokinase 2 （HK2）， 3-phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase 1 （PDK1）， lactate dehydrogenase A （LDHA）， and pyruvate kinase M2 （PKM2） （P<0.01）. CDK16， MYC， and MYC phosphorylation expression levels were significantly downregulated in the 5-FU + GQT group compared with the 5-FU group （all P<0.01）. MYC protein stability decreased in a time-dependent manner in the 5-FU + GQT group （P<0.05）， which was rescued by CDK16 overexpression （P<0.05）. ConclusionGQT significantly enhances the sensitivity of HCT-116/5-FU cells to 5-FU， potentially by inhibiting CDK16 and thereby reducing MYC-mediated glycolysis.

BACKGROUND:Growth factor is the key effect molecule that plays a role in platelet-rich plasma in clinical treatment.There are differences in the concentration of growth factor after different activators activate platelet-rich plasma,which is an important factor affecting clinical efficacy. OBJECTIVE:To analyze the influence of different activators on the mass concentration of growth factors in platelet-rich plasma. METHODS:Totally 12 healthy volunteers were recruited to collect EDTA-K2 anticoagulant venous blood.Secondary centrifugation was used to prepare platelet-rich plasma.The difference in mass concentrations of growth factors was compared between venous blood and platelet-rich plasma.The platelet-rich plasma was mixed with four activators(normal saline,thrombin,calcium gluconate,calcium gluconate+thrombin)according to the volume ratio of 10:1,and incubated in a constant temperature water bath at 37 °C for 30 minutes.After centrifugation,the supernatant was extracted and the mass concentration of growth factor was detected.The bacterial growth in supernatant was measured by blood agar plate.Pearson correlation was used to analyze the correlation between different activators and the mass concentration of growth factor in platelet-rich plasma,and the correlation between the value of thrombocytometer and the mass concentration of growth factors in platelet-rich plasma. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)The mass concentrations of platelet-derived growth factor-BB,platelet-derived growth factor-AB,vascular endothelial growth factor,and epidermal growth factor in platelet-rich plasma were 8.7,22.2,2.3,and 2.8 times of those in venous blood,respectively(P<0.05).(2)Compared with normal saline group,the mass concentrations of platelet-derived growth factor BB,platelet-derived growth factor AB,vascular endothelial growth factor,and epidermal growth factor were increased in the thrombin group,calcium gluconate group,and calcium gluconate+thrombin group(P<0.05).The mass concentration of platelet-derived growth factor BB in the thrombin group and calcium gluconate group was higher than that in the calcium gluconate+thrombin group(P<0.05),and the mass concentration of platelet-derived growth factor AB in the thrombin group was higher than that in the calcium gluconate group and calcium gluconate+thrombin group(P<0.05).Epidermal growth factor mass concentration in the thrombin group was lower than that in the calcium gluconate group and calcium gluconate+thrombin group(P<0.05).(3)The results of blood agar plate test showed no bacterial growth in the supernatant of the four groups.(4)Pearson correlation analysis showed that the mass concentration of platelet-derived growth factor BB in platelet-rich plasma was strongly positively correlated with thrombin(r=0.683,P<0.05),and the mass concentration of vascular endothelial growth factor was strongly positively correlated with thrombin,calcium gluconate,calcium gluconate+thrombin stimulant(r=0.730,0.789,0.686,P<0.05).There was no correlation between the value of thrombocytometer and the mass concentration of four kinds of growth factors(P>0.05).(5)The results suggest that different activators have an impact on the concentration of growth factors in platelet-rich plasma.It is suggested to choose different activators to improve clinical efficacy according to different growth factor mass concentrations and treatment needs.

ObjectiveTo investigate the effects of foliar fertilizer of nano-calcium carbonate and calcium nitrate tetrahydrate on the agronomic traits， carbohydrate and endogenous hormone contents of Dendrobium officinale planted for 1 year under greenhouse cultivation， in order to provide scientific basis for fertilization to improve the yield and quality of D. officinale. MethodsSingle-factor experimental design was adopted. Starting from early spring， D. officinale was treated with foliar spraying according to corresponding fertilizers. Three treatment groups were established based on different fertilizers， namely， a blank group（clear water）， a nano-calcium carbonate group（0.727 g·L^-1 nano-calcium carbonate water-soluble fertilizer）， and a calcium nitrate tetrahydrate group（1.091 g·L^-1 calcium nitrate tetrahydrate water-soluble fertilizer）. The frequency of spraying was three times per month， and the entire treatment process lasted for nine months. The effects of various treatments on the traits and relative chlorophyll content of D. officinale were dynamically monitored. Sampling was conducted at three specific time points：August 2， 2023， September 8， 2023， and November 1， 2023， respectively. The contents of glucose and mannose in D. officinale stems were determined by high performance liquid chromatography（HPLC）， the content of soluble sugars in D. officinale stems and leaves was determined by phenol method， and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay（ELISA） was used to detect the concentrations of cytokinin and auxin. ResultsCompared with the blank group， the treatments with nano-calcium carbonate and calcium nitrate tetrahydrate could significantly increase stem length， stem node number， leaf number， and tiller number. Among them， during the harvesting period in November， the stem length and tiller number， which are indicators related to the yield of D. officinale， increased by 60.85% and 19.23% after treatment with calcium nitrate tetrahydrate， and by 32.54% and 28.85% after treatment with nano-calcium carbonate， respectively. Compared with the blank group， treatments with nano-calcium carbonate and calcium nitrate tetrahydrate could promote the accumulation of sucrose in the stems and leaves of D. officinale to varying degrees， as well as the accumulation of polysaccharides， mannose， and glucose in the stems. In addition， nano-calcium carbonate treatment also facilitated the accumulation of fructose in the stems and leaves of D. officinale. Specifically， during the harvesting period in November， polysaccharides and mannose， which were the main active ingredients in D. officinale stems， increased by 28.48% and 29.36% after treatment with calcium nitrate tetrahydrate， and by 39.91% and 82.62% after treatment with nano-calcium carbonate， respectively. In addition， compared with the blank group， the concentrations of auxin in the stems and leaves of D. officinale were significantly increased after treatment with calcium nitrate tetrahydrate（P<0.05）. Similarly， the concentrations of cytokinin and auxin in the stems of D. officinale were also elevated after treatment with nano-calcium carbonate. Correlation analysis further indicated that elongation growth and tillering of D. officinale stems after foliar spraying of nano-calcium carbonate and calcium nitrate tetrahydrate might be related to the accumulation of carbohydrates in the stems and leaves and the synergistic effect of auxin and cytokinin. ConclusionIn production practice， spraying nano-calcium carbonate and calcium nitrate tetrahydrate can promote the accumulation of cytokinin， auxin， and carbohydrate contents in the stems and leaves of D. officinale， and promote tillering and elongation growth of the stems.

Objective: To explore the correlation between allogeneic red blood cell (RBC) transfusion and healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) during the perioperative period. Methods: A single-center retrospective cohort of 1,170 patients undergoing isolated CABG was analyzed. Multivariable logistic regression and restricted cubic splines (RCS) were employed to explore the nonlinear association between perioperative RBC transfusion (from intraoperative period to 72 hours postoperatively) and HAIs. Results: Among the 1,170 CABG patients, 109 patients (9.2%) received RBC transfusion during the operation or within 3 days after the operation. The risk of HAIs in those who received ≥4 units of RBCs during and within 3 days after the operation was 6.89 times higher than that in the non-transfusion group (95% CI: 3.65-17.20). Furthermore, there was a nonlinear threshold effect between the blood transfusion volume and postoperative HAIs (inflection point: 7.8 units). When the transfusion volume was ≤7.8 units, the risk of HAIs increased by 61% for each additional unit transfused (OR=1.61, 95% CI: 1.21-2.15). Beyond this threshold, no statistically significant association was observed (P=0.289). Conclusion: Perioperative RBC transfusion in CABG patients is associated with an increased incidence of HAIs. The perioperative blood transfusion volume has a curvilinear relationship with the risk of postoperative HAIs. When the blood transfusion volume is ≤7.8 units, the blood transfusion volume has a dose-dependent relationship with postoperative infection, with higher blood transfusion volumes correlating with greater postoperative infection risk. When the blood transfusion volume is >7.8 units, the relationship between the two is not statistically significant. The preventive effect of reducing RBC transfusion on HAIs requires further validation in the future.

Objective　This study aims to explore the impact of demographic characteristics, sexual behavioral , and epidemiological history on mpox infection among the MSM in Chengdu, providing a theoretical basis for prevention and control of mpox. Methods　A case-control study was conducted, including mpox patients in Chengdu from June 2023 March 2024 as the study group and MSM without mpox as controls, we carried out a retrospective investigation. Basic information, sexual history and behavior, and travel history were obtained for both mpox patients and controls. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used to explore the risk factors for mpox infection. Results　In this study, 128 MPXV cases (including 53 HIV individuals) and 151 controls (including 50 HIV individuals) were investigated. The average age of the cases was (32.48±6.67) years, all of whom were male, 101 were single, 100 had a college degree or higher, 60 were business services and self-owned occupations, 89 were homosexual, and 116 reported history of having homosexual behavior; 109 had an average of four or fewer homosexual behavior per month; 48 used condoms usually. The proportion of unmarried and those with a college degree or higher was lower in the monkeypox case group than the control group, while proportion of those with sexually transmitted diseases other than HIV was higher than the control group (P<0.05). Bisexuals or heterosexuality had a higher risk of MPXV compared to homosexuals (OR=4.65), the ones who never use condoms during homosexual activities were at higher risk for monkeypox (OR=3.25). There were no significant differences in epidemiological history between the two groups. Multivariate logistic regression showed that being unaware of other STD infections was negatively associated with MPXV infection, while having other STDs other than HIV, being bisexual or heterosexual sexual behavior were positively associated with MPXV infection. Conclusion　The MSM in Chengdu with concurrent infection with other sexually transmitted diseases other than HIV, bisexual or heterosexual sexual orientation were risk factors for mpox. It is necessary to strengthen health education for the ones at high-risk .Chengdu

Diabetic cataract, a prevalent ocular complication of diabetes mellitus, arises from a complex interplay of pathological mechanisms, with oxidative stress and glycation stress playing central roles. Autophagy, a critical cellular self-protection mechanism, sustains intracellular homeostasis by selectively degrading damaged organelles and misfolded proteins, thereby counteracting the detrimental effects of oxidative and glycation stress under hyperglycemic conditions. Emerging evidence indicates a synergistic interaction between glycation stress and oxidative stress, which may exacerbate autophagic dysfunction and accelerate the onset and progression of diabetic cataract. However, the precise molecular mechanisms underlying this relationship remain incompletely understood. This review systematically examines the regulatory role of autophagy inthe pathogenesis of diabetic cataract, with a particular focus on how autophagic impairment influences disease progression under the combined effects of glycation and oxidative stress. By elucidating these mechanisms, the paper aims to provide novel insights into molecular diagnostic approaches and targeted therapeutic strategies for diabetic cataract.