F-FDG PET/CT is an ideal auxiliary tool for early and accurate diagnosis of malignant tumors in children.This guideline aimed to standardize 18F-FDG PET/CT examination process for malignant tumors in children,hence providing references for nuclear medicine professionals.

In the era of precision medicine,integrating radionuclide-based molecular imaging with targeted internal radiotherapy,integrated theranostics of nuclear medicine emerged as a promising and rapidly advancing field to achieve both visualization and precise treatment of tumors.The advances of commonly used and emerging radiotheranostic agents in oncology were systematically reviewed in this article.

Objective To investigate the potential mechanism of miR-21-5p in alleviating cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury by targeting STAT3.Methods The HT22 cells were induced by OGD/R to construct a cell model of cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury.The expression of miR-21-5p was detected by RT-qPCR.The CCK-8 assay,TUNEL staining and flow cytometry were respectively used to detect the cell viability and apoptosis.ELISA assay was used to determine the contents of inflammatory factors IL-6,IL-10 and TNF-α in the cell supernatant.Western blot was used to detect the expression levels of p-STAT3/STAT3,Cleaved-Caspase-3,Bax and Bcl-2 proteins.The TargetScan database was used to predict the binding sites of miR-21-5p and STAT3.The dual-luciferase reporter gene assay was used to verify the targeting relationship between miR-21-5p and STAT3.Results The relative expression level of miR-21-5p was down-regulated in HT22 cells which induced by OGD/R(P<0.001).The cell viability(P<0.0001)was decreased and the apoptosis rate(P<0.001)was increased in OGD/R induced-HT22 cells.The contents of pro-inflammatory factors IL-6(P<0.001)and TNF-α(P<0.001)was increased,while the content of anti-inflammatory factor IL-10(P<0.001)decreased.After transfection with miR-21-5p mimic,cell viability was enhanced,apoptosis rate was reduced and neuroinflammation was inhibited.MiR-21-5p could target and bind to STAT3.After miR-21-5p inhibitor transfection,cell viability decreased,apoptosis was promoted,and neuroinflammation occurred;STAT3 inhibitor Stattic could reverse the effect of miR-21-5p inhibitor.Conclusion MiR-21-5p could specifically bind to STAT3 and reduce the neuroinflammation and apoptosis of OGD/R induced-HT22 cells.

Objective To assess the effect of early nutritional intervention on the patients with respiratory diseases at nutritional risk. Methods A total of 130 patients with respiratory disease who were hospitalized in Shanghai Fifth People’s Hospital, Fudan University between May 2023 and December 2024 and had a nutritional risk screening 2002 score ≥3 points. Based on the initiation time of nutritional intervention, patients were divided into an early group (≤5 days, n＝65) and a late group (＞5 days, n＝65). Results In the early group, prealbumin (P-ALB) and retinol-binding protein (RBP) levels were significantly higher (P＜0.01), C-reactive protein (CRP), procalcitonin (PCT) levels were significantly lower after intervention (P＜0.05). Compared with the late group, the hospital costs were lower and hospital stays were shorter in the early group (P＜0.001). Spearman analysis showed ALB, P-ALB, and total protein (TP) were negatively correlated with hospital costs (r＝－0.37, －0.20, and－0.22, P＜0.05). RBP, ALB, P-ALB, and lymphocyte count (LYM) were negatively correlated with CRP (r＝－0.30, －0.26, －0.37, －0.18, P＜0.01), RBP, ALB, P-ALB, hemoglobin (HB), and TP were negatively correlated with PCT (r＝－0.23,－0.36, －0.40, －0.30, －0.19, P＜0.05). Conclusions For patients with respiratory diseases, early nutritional assessment should be underwent, and for patients with nutritional risk screening 2002 score ≥3 points, early nutritional intervention could improve the nutritional status and alleviate inflammatory response, promote recovery, shorten the hospital stays.

Objective:To explore whether anti-dsDNA antibodies can activate podocyte NLRP3 inflammasomes through FcRn,enhance the antigen-presenting function of podocytes,and promote podocyte damage.Methods:Kidney biopsies from lupus nephritis(LN)patients and lupus model mice were collected.Immunofluorescence was used to detect podocyte MHC Ⅱ,CD80,and FcRn levels.The NLRP3 inhibitor MCC950 was used to intervene in lupus model mice(MRL/lpr),and immunofluorescence was per-formed to assess changes in glomerular MHC Ⅱ and CD80 expressions.Podocytes pretreated with MCC950 were stimulated with anti-dsDNA antibodies,and Western blot was used to measure MHC Ⅱ and CD80 expression.FcRn was knocked down in podocytes using siRNA,and after stimulation with anti-dsDNA antibodies,Western blot was conducted to evaluate NLRP3 and caspase-1 p20 expres-sion levels.CD4+T cells from peripheral blood of SLE patients were sorted and co-cultured with podocytes pretreated with serum from SLE patients,and flow cytometry was used to analyze the proportions of IFN-γ+CD4+T cells and IL-17+CD4+T cells.Immunofluores-cence was used to observe the cytoskeletal changes in podocytes.Results:Podocytes from LN patients and lupus model mice ex-pressed high levels of MHC Ⅱ,CD80,and FcRn.MCC950 intervention significantly reduced MHC Ⅱ and CD80 levels in podocytes of MRL/lpr mice.Anti-dsDNA antibodies induced elevated MHC Ⅱ and CD80 expression in podocytes,which were reduced by NLRP3 inhibitor MCC950(P<0.05).Knockdown of FcRn in podocytes resulted in significant decreases in NLRP3 expression and active cas-pase-1 p20 levels(P<0.05).Co-culturing SLE patient CD4+T cells with podocytes pretreated with SLE patient serum led to a signifi-cant increase in the proportion of IFN-γ+CD4+T cells(P<0.05).There were notable changes in the podocyte cytoskeleton,including a significant reduction in stress fibers and cellular morphological remodeling.Conclusion:Anti-dsDNA antibodies can activate podo-cyte NLRP3 inflammasomes via FcRn,enhancing the antigen-presenting function of podocytes.The activated CD4+T cells further con-tribute to the remodeling of podocyte cytoskeleton.

In this study,the similarities and differences of plasma collection and quality control in China and abroad were analyzed by comparing the related regulations,standards,guidelines and literatures.Rational and constructive suggestions were proposed,aiming to optimize domestic plasma management and promote the improvement of plasma-related standards.There was little difference on facilities and safety control process of plasma between China and the developed countries(United States,EU and Japan),However,significant differences existed on plasma station setting,donor screening standards,collection interval,volume limits,plasma testing modes and tests,plasma quarantine standard and utilization of recovered plasma.The United States sets the industry benchmark and is worthy of reference for our country both in plasma collection and quality control.

Objective:To identify independent risk factors for early recurrence following curative resection of resectable pancreatic cancer and establish a nomogram prediction model.Methods:Clinical data from 405 patients with resectable pancreatic cancer treated at Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine from February 2010 to December 2020 were retrospectively reviewed. Patients were stratified into a training cohort (265 patients form February 2010 to December 2018) and a validation cohort (140 patients from January 2019 to December 2020) based on surgery dates. Optimal cutoff values for clinical variables were determined using X-tile software. Independent risk factors were identified through univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression analyses. Kaplan-Meier curves for recurrence-free survival (RFS) were generated across subgroups, and a nomogram was developed to predict early recurrence (within 1 year post-surgery). Time-dependent receiver operating characteristic (tROC) curves was drawn and area under the curve (AUC) metrics were utilized to evaluate predictive accuracy, while model reliability was assessed by calibration curves. Individualized risk scores derived from the nomogram were stratified into high- and low-risk groups using X-tile-derived cutoff values. Survival differences between groups were analyzed via log-rank tests. The clinical application value was judged by decision curve analysis (DCA) compared to TNM staging. Results:In the training cohort, 139 patients (52.45%) experienced early recurrence, with a median RFS of 11.1 months [interquartile range ( IQR): 6.0-26.0]. The validation cohort reported 70 early recurrences (50.00%) and a median RFS of 11.8 months ( IQR: 4.9-21.4). Univariate analysis revealed significant associations between early recurrence and tumor diameter, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9), carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA125), systemic immune-inflammation index (SⅡ), and prognostic nutritional index (PNI). Multivariate analysis identified tumor diameter ≥3.75 cm ( HR=1.718, 95% CI 1.223-2.412, P=0.002), CA19-9≥218 U/ml ( HR=1.567, 95% CI 1.107-2.220, P=0.011), CA125≥20.98 U/ml ( HR=2.501, 95% CI 1.768-3.539, P<0.001), SⅡ≥388.28 ( HR=1.708, 95% CI 1.096-2.662, P=0.018), and PNI<53.18 ( HR=0.596, 95% CI 0.404-0.879, P=0.009) as independent risk factors for early recurrence. The nomogram achieved AUC values of 0.771 and 0.708 in the training and validation cohorts, respectively. Calibration curves demonstrated strong agreement between predicted and observed survival probabilities. Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed significantly lower 1-year RFS rates in high-risk versus low-risk groups for both cohorts (training: HR=3.65, 95% CI 2.45-5.44, P<0.001; validation: HR=2.37, 95% CI 1.39-4.06, P=0.001). DCA indicated superior net benefit of the nomogram over TNM staging across threshold probabilities of 0.2-0.9. Conclusions:The proposed nomogram effectively integrates clinical and serological biomarkers to preoperatively assess early recurrence risk in resectable pancreatic cancer patients, offering enhanced precision for clinical decision-making.

In this study,the similarities and differences of plasma collection and quality control in China and abroad were analyzed by comparing the related regulations,standards,guidelines and literatures.Rational and constructive suggestions were proposed,aiming to optimize domestic plasma management and promote the improvement of plasma-related standards.There was little difference on facilities and safety control process of plasma between China and the developed countries(United States,EU and Japan),However,significant differences existed on plasma station setting,donor screening standards,collection interval,volume limits,plasma testing modes and tests,plasma quarantine standard and utilization of recovered plasma.The United States sets the industry benchmark and is worthy of reference for our country both in plasma collection and quality control.

F-FDG PET/CT is an ideal auxiliary tool for early and accurate diagnosis of malignant tumors in children.This guideline aimed to standardize 18F-FDG PET/CT examination process for malignant tumors in children,hence providing references for nuclear medicine professionals.

Objective:To explore whether anti-dsDNA antibodies can activate podocyte NLRP3 inflammasomes through FcRn,enhance the antigen-presenting function of podocytes,and promote podocyte damage.Methods:Kidney biopsies from lupus nephritis(LN)patients and lupus model mice were collected.Immunofluorescence was used to detect podocyte MHC Ⅱ,CD80,and FcRn levels.The NLRP3 inhibitor MCC950 was used to intervene in lupus model mice(MRL/lpr),and immunofluorescence was per-formed to assess changes in glomerular MHC Ⅱ and CD80 expressions.Podocytes pretreated with MCC950 were stimulated with anti-dsDNA antibodies,and Western blot was used to measure MHC Ⅱ and CD80 expression.FcRn was knocked down in podocytes using siRNA,and after stimulation with anti-dsDNA antibodies,Western blot was conducted to evaluate NLRP3 and caspase-1 p20 expres-sion levels.CD4+T cells from peripheral blood of SLE patients were sorted and co-cultured with podocytes pretreated with serum from SLE patients,and flow cytometry was used to analyze the proportions of IFN-γ+CD4+T cells and IL-17+CD4+T cells.Immunofluores-cence was used to observe the cytoskeletal changes in podocytes.Results:Podocytes from LN patients and lupus model mice ex-pressed high levels of MHC Ⅱ,CD80,and FcRn.MCC950 intervention significantly reduced MHC Ⅱ and CD80 levels in podocytes of MRL/lpr mice.Anti-dsDNA antibodies induced elevated MHC Ⅱ and CD80 expression in podocytes,which were reduced by NLRP3 inhibitor MCC950(P<0.05).Knockdown of FcRn in podocytes resulted in significant decreases in NLRP3 expression and active cas-pase-1 p20 levels(P<0.05).Co-culturing SLE patient CD4+T cells with podocytes pretreated with SLE patient serum led to a signifi-cant increase in the proportion of IFN-γ+CD4+T cells(P<0.05).There were notable changes in the podocyte cytoskeleton,including a significant reduction in stress fibers and cellular morphological remodeling.Conclusion:Anti-dsDNA antibodies can activate podo-cyte NLRP3 inflammasomes via FcRn,enhancing the antigen-presenting function of podocytes.The activated CD4+T cells further con-tribute to the remodeling of podocyte cytoskeleton.