A 79-year-old man with prostate cancer (PCa) was referred to our center to perform a [11C]Choline PET/CT for biochemical recurrence. Positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) scan detected PCa recurrence in the prostate gland and several pelvic and abdominal lymph nodes. Two abnormal uptakes were also identified in the right breast and in the liver, respectively. Breast histological findings turned out to be gynecomastia, while the liver lesion resulted in a benign perfusion anomaly at follow-up magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Although incidental findings were benign in this case, it is important to always investigate abnormal uptakes of [11C]Choline, as it could be an expression of further metastases or synchronous malignancies such as breast cancer and hepatocellular carcinoma.

Purpose: Peptide receptor radionuclide therapy represents a therapeutic option for neuroendocrine neoplasms; to date, experiences with peptide receptor radionuclide therapy of pulmonary neuroendocrine neoplasms are still limited. We report our experience with peptide receptor radionuclide therapy of pulmonary neuroendocrine neoplasm patients. Materials and Methods: Clinical records of 14 pulmonary neuroendocrine neoplasm patients (7 female and 7 male) who received at least 2 cycles of peptide receptor radionuclide therapy were retrospectively reviewed. Tumoural uptake of somatostatin analogues at pre-treatment imaging was graded as 2 to 3 in all patients. RECIST criteria were used to evaluate response. Results: No treated patient had significant toxicity. Partial response was found in 3 (21.4%) patients, stable disease in 7 (50%), and progressive disease in 4 (28.6%). A statistically significant difference between disease state at enrolment and after peptide receptor radionuclide therapy was found. Conclusions Our data furtherly support peptide receptor radionuclide therapy as a safe and effective treatment of patients affected by pulmonary neuroendocrine neoplasms allowing disease control in about 71% of patients without showing significant toxicity.Other studies are needed to confirm our results.

We described the clinical impact of ¹⁸F-FDG PET/MR in refining the evaluation of a 39-year-old female with newly diagnosed metastatic urethral adenocarcinoma.We detailed the diagnostic imaging workup focusing our attention on the CT, MR, and ¹⁸F-FDG PET/MR different findings. In this case, ¹⁸F-FDG PET/MR imaging evaluation resulted not only effective but also altered staging and spared additional invasive procedures in the assessment of a metastatic urethral adenocarcinoma. Combining a highly sensitive PET with the increase tissue resolution of MR (PET/MR) may improve abdominal and pelvic lesion detection outperforming PET/CT for this indication.
Adenocarcinoma ; Adult ; Diagnostic Imaging ; Female ; Humans ; Positron-Emission Tomography and Computed Tomography

We described the clinical impact of ¹⁸F-FDG PET/MR in refining the evaluation of a 39-year-old female with newly diagnosed metastatic urethral adenocarcinoma.We detailed the diagnostic imaging workup focusing our attention on the CT, MR, and ¹⁸F-FDG PET/MR different findings. In this case, ¹⁸F-FDG PET/MR imaging evaluation resulted not only effective but also altered staging and spared additional invasive procedures in the assessment of a metastatic urethral adenocarcinoma. Combining a highly sensitive PET with the increase tissue resolution of MR (PET/MR) may improve abdominal and pelvic lesion detection outperforming PET/CT for this indication.