This study investigated the epidemiological and genotypic characteristics of group A rotavirus(RVA)in children under 5 years of age with diarrhea at a viral diarrhea surveillance sentinel hospital in Guangdong Province from 2021 to 2022,to provide a basis for RVA prevention and control.A total of 1 858 fecal samples from children under 5 years of age with diarrhea in 2021-2022 were collected.Rotavirus antigen was detected with ELISA,and positive samples were further sequenced and categorized.Among the 1 858 samples,156 were RVA positive.The positivity rates in boys and girls were 8.76％and 7.87％,respectively.Significant differences were observed in the detection rates of RVA infection among age groups.The rate of RVA infection increased gradually from December to April of the following year.In 2021,the main endemic strains of RVA in the Guangdong region were of the G9P[8]subtype,and the rare G8P[8]subtype increased in China.In 2022,the G8P[8]subtype surpassed the G9P[8]subtype for the first time.In cases of diarrhea in infants younger than 5 years in Guangdong Province from 2021 to 2022,the RVA genotypes were diverse,the G9P[8]genotype significantly decreased,and the G8P[8]subtype became a dominant genotype.Continuous RVA genotype monitoring remains necessary to assess the risk of RVA-related disea-ses.

Objective:Both exposure to heavy metals and alcohol intake have been related to the risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D).In this study,we aimed to assess the potential interactions between metal exposure and alcohol intake on the risk of T2D and prediabetes in a cohort of Chinese male workers.Methods:We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of 26,008 Chinese male workers in an occupational cohort study from 2011 to 2013.We assessed metal exposure and alcohol consumption at baseline in these workers who were aged ≥20 years.Based on occupations which were categorized according to measured urine metal levels,multiple logistic regression analyses were used to evaluate the independent and joint effects of metal and alcohol exposure on the risk of T2D and prediabetes.Results:Risks of T2D (Ptrend =0.001) and prediabetes (Ptrend =0.001) were significantly elevated with increasing number of standard drinks per week,years of drinking,and lifetime alcohol consumption.An adjusted odds ratio (OR) of 6.1 (95％ confidence interval [CI]:4.8-7.8) was observed for the smelting/refining workers (highest metal exposure levels) who had the highest lifetime alcohol consumption (＞873 kg) (Pinteraction =0.018),whereas no statistically significant joint effect was found for prediabetes (Pinteraction =0.515).Conclusions:Both exposures to metal and heavy alcohol intake were associated with the risk of diabetes in this large cohort of male workers.There was a strong interaction between these two exposures in affecting diabetes risk that needs to be confirmed in future studies.

Objective:Both exposure to heavy metals and alcohol intake have been related to the risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D).In this study,we aimed to assess the potential interactions between metal exposure and alcohol intake on the risk of T2D and prediabetes in a cohort of Chinese male workers.Methods:We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of 26,008 Chinese male workers in an occupational cohort study from 2011 to 2013.We assessed metal exposure and alcohol consumption at baseline in these workers who were aged ≥20 years.Based on occupations which were categorized according to measured urine metal levels,multiple logistic regression analyses were used to evaluate the independent and joint effects of metal and alcohol exposure on the risk of T2D and prediabetes.Results:Risks of T2D (Ptrend =0.001) and prediabetes (Ptrend =0.001) were significantly elevated with increasing number of standard drinks per week,years of drinking,and lifetime alcohol consumption.An adjusted odds ratio (OR) of 6.1 (95％ confidence interval [CI]:4.8-7.8) was observed for the smelting/refining workers (highest metal exposure levels) who had the highest lifetime alcohol consumption (＞873 kg) (Pinteraction =0.018),whereas no statistically significant joint effect was found for prediabetes (Pinteraction =0.515).Conclusions:Both exposures to metal and heavy alcohol intake were associated with the risk of diabetes in this large cohort of male workers.There was a strong interaction between these two exposures in affecting diabetes risk that needs to be confirmed in future studies.

Environmental exposure to heavy metals has been linked to a wide range of human health hazards. We detected the levels of 15 metals in urine samples from 500 representative sub-samples in an ongoing occupational cohort study (Jinchang Cohort) to directly evaluate metal exposure levels. Fifteen metals, namely As, Ba, Be, Cd, Cs, Cr, Co, Cu, Pb, Mn, Ni, Se, Tl, U, and Zn, were detected by inductively coupled plasma quadruple mass spectrometry. The results showed that median creatinine adjustment and geometric mean urinary metal levels were higher in the heavy metal-exposed group, except Se and Zn, than other reported general or occupational populations. Further studies should address the effects of heavy metals on human health.
China ; Cohort Studies ; Environmental Pollutants ; blood ; Humans ; Metals, Heavy ; blood ; Occupational Exposure

Background:Chronic kidney disease (CKD) with moderate-to-severe renal dysfunction usually exhibits an irreversible course,and available treatments for delaying the progression to end-stage renal disease are limited.This study aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of the traditional Chinese medicine,Niaoduqing particles,for delaying renal dysfunction in patients with stage 3b-4 CKD.Methods:The present study was a prospective,randomized,double-blind,placebo-controlled,multicenter clinical trial.From May 2013 to December 2013,300 CKD patients with an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) between 20 and 45 ml,min-1· 1.73 m-2,aged 18-70 years were recruited from 22 hospitals in 11 Chinese provinces.Patients were randomized in a 1∶1 ratio to either a test group,which was administered Niaoduqing particles 5 g thrice daily and 10 g before bedtime for 24 weeks,or a control group,which was administered a placebo using the same methods.The primary endpoints were changes in baseline serum creatinine (Scr) and eGFR after completion of treatment.The primary endpoints were analyzed using Student's t-test or Wilcoxon's rank-sum test.The present study reported results based on an intention-to-treat (ITT) analysis.Results:A total of 292 participants underwent the ITT analysis.At 24 weeks,the median (interquartile range) change in Scr was 1.1 (-13.0-24.1) and 11.7 (-2.6-42.9) μmol/L for the test and control groups,respectively (Z =2.642,P =0.008),and the median change in eGFR was-0.2 (-4.3-2.7) and-2.2 (-5.7-0.8) ml·min-1.1.73 m-2,respectively (Z =-2.408,P =0.016).There were no significant differences in adverse events between the groups.Conclusions:Niaoduqing particles safely and effectively delayed CKD progression in patients with stage 3b-4 CKD.This traditional Chinese medicine may be a promising alternative medication for patients with moderate-to-severe renal dysfunction.

OBJECTIVETo study the association between metal exposure and risk of diabetes and prediabetes among Chinese workers exposed to metals.

METHODSWe used data obtained from the baseline survey of the Jinchang Cohort Study of workers in Jinchang Industry, the largest nickel production company in China. A total of 42,122 workers ⋝20 years of age were included in the study. A standardized, structured questionnaire was used to collect epidemiological information. Physical examinations and laboratory tests were conducted to evaluate the health status of the participants and to measure various biomarkers including blood sugar, lipids, and urinary metal concentrations. Logistic regression was used to study the association between occupational groups categorized according to the measured metal levels (office workers, low-level; mining/production workers, mid-level; and smelting/refining workers, high-level) and risk of diabetes and prediabetes.

RESULTSThe overall prevalence of diabetes and prediabetes was 7.5% and 16.8%, respectively. The adjusted odds ratios for diabetes among mining/production workers and smelting/refining workers compared to office workers were 1.5 (95% CI: 1.3, 1.7) and 3.8 (95% CI: 3.4, 4.3), respectively. No association was observed between these occupational groups and prediabetes in this study.

CONCLUSIONOccupations associated with higher levels of metal exposure were associated with an increased risk of diabetes in this cohort. More studies are needed to confirm this observed association.

Adult ; China ; epidemiology ; Cohort Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Metals, Heavy ; toxicity ; urine ; Middle Aged ; Occupational Exposure ; adverse effects ; Prediabetic State ; chemically induced ; epidemiology

In order to search for novel inhibitors of Na+/H+ exchanger isoform-1 (NHE-1), nine feruloylagmatine analogues were designed and synthesized from ferulic acid and agmatine. The structures of the synthesized compounds were confirmed by 1H NMR, 13C NMR and mass spectra, among which compounds 5f-5i were novel compounds. The results of preliminary pharmacological test showed that some of the compounds possessed strong NHE-1 inhibitory activity, among which compounds 5a, 5b and 6c were more potent than cariporide in NHE-1 inhibition.
Agmatine ; analogs & derivatives ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Animals ; Cardiotonic Agents ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Drug Design ; Female ; Male ; Molecular Structure ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Sodium-Hydrogen Exchangers ; antagonists & inhibitors ; Structure-Activity Relationship

Objective The choice of surgical approaches for salvage surgery based on the location and invasion of recurrent and residual lesions of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC),surgical results,complications,and survival were assessed.Methods Thirty-seven cases with recurrent and residual lesions of NPC underwent salvage surgery between March 1991 and January 2005 were analysed retrospectively.Of 37 patients,23 were men and 14 women,with a median age of 46.5 years (26 -57 years) ;4 were at stage Ⅰ,10 at stage Ⅱ,14 at stage Ⅲ,and 9 at stage Ⅳ; 5 cases were with cervical metastasis,including 3 cases of N1 and 2 cases N2.All recurrent and residual lesions of NPC were determined by biopsy.On the location and invasion of recurrent and residual lesions of NPC,8 cases underwent endoscopic resection of lesions,12 cases of the palate nasopharyngectomy,5 cases of maxillary swing,4 cases of maxillary swing plus preronal approach,2 cases of lateral rhinotomy plus coronalflap approach,and 6 cases transfacial plus nasal pyramid swing approach.Five cases with cervical metastasis received neck dissection in addition to the operations for recurrent and residual lesions of NPC. Postoperatively 31 cases received radiotherapy with dosage of 60 Gy,among them 15 cases with concurrent chemoradiation therapy,and 6 cases with clear surgical margin did not received radiotherapy or chemotherapy. The cases were followed up for 12 - 72 months,with a median of 45 months.Results Total resection for the recurrent and residual lesions of NPC acounted for 91.8% (34/37) and subtotal resection for 8.2% (3/37). The accidence of perioperative complications was 24.3% (9/37). The 3- and 5-year overall disease-free survival rates (DFSR) were 62.1% and 43.3%,respectively. The 3- and 5-year overall survival rates (OSR) were 72.9% and 51.3%,respectively.The 5 year DFSR of cases at stage Ⅰ - Ⅳ were 100%,40%,28% and 11% (χ2 =10.0,P ＜0.01＝,respectively.The 5 year OSR were 100%,70%,35% and 28% (χ2 = 11.5,P ＜0.01),respectively.Conclusions Salvage surgery is a justified treatment for the recurren and residual lesions of NPC,by which some patients with recurren and residual lesions of NPC can be salvaged.

OBJECTIVETo report a case of T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) with t(1;19)(q23;pl3) and E2A-PBX1 fusion gene, which is a characteristic translocation of childhood B cell ALL (B-ALL).

METHODSThe chromosome, karyotype, immunophenotype and mRNA for fusion gene of the leukemic cells were examined by cytogenetic analysis, flow cytometry (FCM) and reverse transcriptase PCR (RT-PCR), respectively.

RESULTSThe cytogenetic karyotype of the patient was 47, XY, 9p+, 15p+, 17q-, der(19), t(1;19)(q23;pl3)\[5\]/46, XY\[15\], and E2A-PBX1 was positive. The leukemic cells expressed T cell markers. The patient was induced with hyper CVAD regimen (cyclophosphamide, vincristine, adriamycin, and dexamethasone), and achieved complete remission with normal cytogenetic karyotype 46 XY\[10\], and negative E2A-PBX1.

CONCLUSIONt(1;19)E2A-PBX1(+) can be implicated in adult T-ALL, besides childhood B-ALL.

Adult ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 1 ; genetics ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 19 ; genetics ; Homeodomain Proteins ; genetics ; Humans ; Karyotyping ; Male ; Oncogene Proteins, Fusion ; genetics ; Precursor T-Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma ; drug therapy ; genetics ; Translocation, Genetic