Although small in size, the eyeballs are extremely important in function, and are delicate and complex in structure. With the wide application of acupuncture for eye diseases and the high frequency of use of intra-orbital points, the incidence of acupuncture accidents increases accordingly in treatment. We reported two recent accident cases, retinal tear and ciliochoroidal detachment that occurred during the regular operation of acupuncture and acupoint injection at intra-orbital points, in order to strengthen people's awareness of acupuncture accidents caused by acupuncture at the points in the orbital region, and enhance the sound development and comprehensive promotion of acupuncture in treatment of eye diseases.
Humans ; Acupuncture Therapy/adverse effects* ; Acupuncture Points ; Male ; Adult ; Female ; Middle Aged ; Orbit ; Retinal Perforations/therapy*

Humans ; Epiretinal Membrane/surgery* ; Retinal Perforations/surgery* ; Vitrectomy ; Tomography, Optical Coherence ; Retrospective Studies

PURPOSE: We investigated the long-term outcomes of vitrectomy with internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling as treatment for myopic traction maculopathy (MTM).METHODS: The medical records of patients who underwent vitrectomy to treat MTM were retrospectively evaluated. We excluded patients who exhibited macular holes (MHs) or retinal detachment at the time of primary surgery. The best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and central foveal thickness (CFT) were analyzed preoperatively, at 3, 6, 12, and 24 months after surgery, and at the final visit. Complications including retinal detachment or an MH were noted during follow-up.RESULTS: Twenty-three eyes of 22 patients were enrolled. At the time of primary surgery, the mean patient age was 64.4 ± 11.1 years and the baseline mean logMAR BCVA and CFT, 0.67 ± 0.50 and 431.8 ± 159.5 µm, respectively. The mean follow-up period was 53.7 ± 19.3 months. The mean logMAR BCVAs at 3, 6, 12, and 24 months postoperatively and at the final visit were 0.42 ± 0.39 (p = 0.001), 0.41 ± 0.38 (p = 0.001), 0.39 ± 0.40 (p < 0.001), 0.42 ± 0.43 (p < 0.001), and 0.51 ± 0.47 (p = 0.016), respectively, thus significantly better than the baseline value. The mean CFT at 3, 6, 12, and 24 months postoperatively and at the final visit were 244.6 ± 72.3, 210.5 ± 79.1, 209.6 ± 91.6, 219.8 ± 93.9, and 217.7 ± 81.3 µm, respectively, thus significantly less than baseline (all p < 0.001). MTM resolved in 18 eyes (78.3%) after primary surgery, without any complication, and remained stable to the final visit.CONCLUSIONS: Vitrectomy with ILM peeling afforded favorable long-term efficacy and safety in MTM patients.
Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Medical Records ; Membranes ; Myopia, Degenerative ; Prognosis ; Retinal Detachment ; Retinal Perforations ; Retinoschisis ; Retrospective Studies ; Traction ; Visual Acuity ; Vitrectomy

No abstract available.
Glaucoma, Angle-Closure ; Retinal Perforations

No abstract available.
Bevacizumab ; Intravitreal Injections ; Macular Edema ; Retinal Perforations

PURPOSE: To determine the origin of epiretinal proliferation (EP), a condition that is occasionally observed in lamellar hole and macular hole cases, and EP outcomes after vitrectomy. METHODS: This is a retrospective observational case review of 17 eyes with EP that underwent vitrectomy, EP dissection, and internal limiting membrane peeling between January 2013 and December 2016. Surgical specimens of EP tissue were successfully obtained from 5 cases and they were analyzed after immunohistochemical staining. Postoperative outcomes, including best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and macular configuration in spectral domain-optical coherence tomography, were reviewed. RESULTS: Mean BCVA improved from 0.54 ± 0.36 logarithms of the minimum angle of resolution preoperatively to 0.32 ± 0.38 logarithms of the minimum angle of resolution postoperatively (p = 0.002). BCVA improved in 13 eyes and remained unchanged in four eyes. No cases experienced vision decline after surgery. All 17 patients' lamellar hole or macular hole were successfully closed. Despite hole closure, ellipsoid zone defects were not corrected in 11 of the 17 patients. In immunohistochemical analyses, anti-glial fibrillary acidic protein and pan-keratin (AE1/AE3) were positive, but synaptophysin, anti-α-smooth muscle actin, and anti-CD68 were negative. CONCLUSIONS: The epiretinal proliferative membrane seems to originate from Müller cells, not from the vitreous. It is unclear whether retinal pigment epithelia also contribute to EP formation. Gentle handling and preservation of the epiretinal proliferative tissue is crucial for successful surgical outcomes.
Actins ; Humans ; Membranes ; Prognosis ; Retinal Perforations ; Retinaldehyde ; Retrospective Studies ; Synaptophysin ; Visual Acuity ; Vitrectomy

PURPOSE: To evaluate visual acuity changes over 3 years following surgical reattachment of macular hole retinal detachment (MHRD) developed in high myopia.METHODS: A retrospective analysis was performed using the medical records of patients with highly myopic eyes who underwent pars plana vitrectomy with internal limiting membrane peeling or the internal limiting membrane flap technique for MHRD. Changes in best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) were measured at baseline, 6 months, 1 year, 2 years, and 3 years.RESULTS: Of the 22 eyes analyzed, macular hole was closed in 13 and unclosed in nine. BCVA significantly improved from 1.61 ± 0.39 logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution (logMAR) at baseline to 1.17 ± 0.43 logMAR at 6 months and 1.33 ± 0.48 logMAR at 2 years after MHRD surgery. At 3 years, BCVA significantly decreased compared with that at 6 months, and visual improvement from baseline was not significant. BCVA and proportion of vision loss ≥0.3 logMAR were not different between the closed and unclosed macular hole groups.CONCLUSIONS: Visual improvement after surgical reattachment of MHRD in high myopia was not maintained, and favorable macular hole closure effects were not observed at 3-year follow-up.
Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Medical Records ; Membranes ; Myopia ; Myopia, Degenerative ; Retinal Detachment ; Retinal Perforations ; Retinaldehyde ; Retrospective Studies ; Visual Acuity ; Vitrectomy

PURPOSE: To report the long-term outcome after surgical repair of a full-thickness macular hole (FTMH) in a patient with retinitis pigmentosa (RP). CASE SUMMARY: A 55-year-old male who had been diagnosed with retinitis pigmentosa in both eyes 5 years earlier presented with decreased visual acuity in his left eye over the last 6 months. On examination, his Snellen best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was 1.0 in the right eye and 0.3 in the left eye. Slit-lamp examination of the anterior segment was remarkable only for posterior chamber intraocular lenses in each eye. Fundus examination demonstrated extensive bony spicule-like pigmentation in the mid-peripheral region in both eyes and a FTMH with approximately one-third disc diameter in the left eye. The optical coherence tomography (OCT) findings confirmed a FTMH with a surrounding cuff of intraretinal fluid and vitreomacular traction in the left eye. The patient underwent 23-gauge pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) with indocyanine green-assisted internal limiting membrane peeling and gas tamponade. One week postoperatively, an anatomically well-sealed macular hole was confirmed by OCT. At the 3-month postoperative follow-up, the BCVA improved to 0.63 and the hole remained closed until his last follow-up (postoperative 6 years). CONCLUSIONS: Although macular hole is a rare occurrence in RP patients, it should be considered as a cause of significant visual loss in patients with this disorder. Our case suggested that over the long-term, PPV may be tolerable in the management for FTMH in RP.
Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Lenses, Intraocular ; Male ; Membranes ; Middle Aged ; Pigmentation ; Retinal Perforations ; Retinitis Pigmentosa ; Retinitis ; Tomography, Optical Coherence ; Traction ; Visual Acuity ; Vitrectomy

PURPOSE: To investigate differences in the clinical features of post-traumatic intraocular foreign bodies (IOFBs) according to their entrance locations, specifically, those penetrating the cornea and those not penetrating the cornea. METHODS: A retrospective chart review was performed of patients with an IOFB from January 2011 to July 2016. The patients were divided into two groups: those in whom the IOFB entered through the cornea (“corneal entrance” group) and those in whom the IOFB did not penetrate the cornea (“non-corneal entrance” group), and compared. Damage to the anterior and posterior capsule, retinal tear, and retinal detachment were analyzed, and differences in surgical techniques including the IOFB extraction route and intraocular lens implantation were recorded. RESULTS: A total of 43 eyes (43 patients) were included, with 33 (76.7%) in the corneal entrance group and 10 (23.3%) in the non-corneal group. The posterior capsule was preserved in 24.2% (eight) of eyes in the corneal group and 80% (eight) of eyes in the non-corneal group. The corneal group had significantly more posterior capsule ruptures but dramatically fewer retinal tears (39.4%) than the non-corneal group (80% retinal tears). CONCLUSIONS: The location of IOFB entrance is a predictable factor of lens capsule and retinal injuries.
Cornea ; Foreign Bodies ; Humans ; Lens Implantation, Intraocular ; Retinal Detachment ; Retinal Perforations ; Retinaldehyde ; Retrospective Studies ; Rupture

PURPOSE: To evaluate the long-term outcomes of optic disc pit maculopathy after vitrectomy. METHODS: We evaluated retrospectively the medical records of eight patients with macular retinal detachment or retinoschisis who underwent vitrectomy due to optic disc pit maculopathy. The best-corrected visual acuity and optical coherence tomography findings were analyzed after surgery. RESULTS: Eight eyes of eight patients (two male and six female) were enrolled. The mean best-corrected visual acuity was 0.76 log MAR, the mean age was 42.8, and the mean follow-up period was 56 months (range: 8–120 months). At baseline, retinoschisis was observed in all eight eyes. Six eyes had serous retinal detachment of the macula. Vitrectomy for a complete posterior vitreous detachment was performed. Additional internal limiting membrane peeling and tamponade were performed in six and four eyes, respectively. After surgery, serous retinal detachment was gone in all eyes (100%) at a mean of 22.8 months (range: 18 days–60 months). Three of eight eyes (37.5%) showed the disappearance of retinoschisis at a mean of 6.8 months (range: 1.7–21 months), but the remaining patients still had retinoschisis at the final visit. Ocular complications were full-thickness macular hole and iatrogenic retinal detachment in each case. The final corrected visual acuity improved to 0.29 logMAR. CONCLUSIONS: Vitrectomy is an effective treatment for patients with optic disc pit maculopathy. It achieved anatomical and visual improvements over a long period of time. However, retinoschisis due to inner retinal fluid remained in many patients.
Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Medical Records ; Membranes ; Retinal Detachment ; Retinal Perforations ; Retinaldehyde ; Retinoschisis ; Retrospective Studies ; Tomography, Optical Coherence ; Visual Acuity ; Vitrectomy ; Vitreous Detachment