Objective:To explore the effect of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) combined with Saccharomyces boulardii in ulcerative colitis (UC) and effect of serum asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA). Methods:A total of 100 patients with UC admitted to the First Hospital of Yulin from August 2021 to August 2023 were prospectively selected as the study objects and divided into control group and observation group according to random number table method, with 50 cases in each group. The control group was treated with mesalazine + Saccharomyces boulardii sachets, and the observation group was treated with mesalazine + Saccharomyces boulardii sachets + HBO, and both groups were treated for 60 d. The clinical efficacy and the levels of intestinal flora, ADMA, intestinal mucosal barrier function indexes, inflammatory factors and immune function indexes before and after treatment were compared between the two groups, and the occurrence of adverse reactions were compared between the two groups. Results:After treatment, the total effective rate in the observation group was higher than that in the control group: 74.00%(37/52) vs. 50.00%(26/52), there was statistical difference ( χ2 = 5.19, P<0.05). After treatment, the number of Enterococcus and Escherichia coli in the observation group were lower than those in the control group: (4.37 ± 0.91) lgcfu/g vs. (7.95 ± 1.32) lgcfu/g, (6.17 ± 0.92) lgcfu/g vs. (9.36 ± 1.35) lgcfu/g; and the number of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium were higher than those in the control group: (10.24 ± 2.57) lgcfu/g vs. (8.38 ± 1.48) lgcfu/g, (10.72 ± 3.15) lgcfu/g vs. (8.69 ± 2.64) lgcfu/g, there were statistical differences ( P<0.05). After treatment, the level of ADMA in the observation group was lower than that in control group: (0.51 ± 0.08) μmol/L vs. (0.85 ± 0.12) μmol/L; and the intestinal mucosal barrier function indexes of diamine oxidase, D-lactic acid and endotoxin were lower than those in the control group: (5.82 ± 1.13) U/L vs. (7.13 ± 1.89) U/L, (3.96 ± 0.42) mmol/L vs. (4.38 ± 0.85)mmol/L, (0.18 ± 0.02) kEU/L vs. (0.23 ± 0.04) kEU/L, there were statistical differences ( P<0.05). After treatment, the inflammatory factor C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin (IL)-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in the observation group were lower than those in the control group: (4.84 ± 0.68) mg/L vs. (7.16 ± 0.82) mg/L, (13.24 ± 1.98) ng/L vs. (17.61 ± 2.25) ng/L, (22.13 ± 4.16) μg/L vs. (29.36 ± 5.37) μg/L; and IL-10 was higher than that in the control group:(15.35 ± 2.98) ng/L vs. (11.27 ± 3.26) ng/L, there were statistical differences ( P<0.05). After treatment, the immune function indexes CD 3+, CD 4+, CD 4+/CD 8+ in the observation group were higher than those in the control group: 0.563 ± 0.063 vs. 0.459 ± 0.052, 0.420 ± 0.049 vs. 0.383 ± 0.053, 1.35 ± 0.32 vs. 1.16 ± 0.26, there werestatistical differences ( P<0.05). The incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups had no statistical difference ( P>0.05). Conclusions:HBO combined with Saccharomyces boulardii can significantly improve clinical symptoms, reduce intestinal mucosal damage and improve intestinal microenvironment in UC patients.

Objective To analyze the main epidemiological characteristics of fungal infection in this hospital in the past 7 years,and to provide reference for clinical treatment and prevention and control strategies of fun-gal infection.Methods The fungal data and clinical data of related patients isolated from clinical samples in Peking Union Medical College Hospital from early January 2018 to the end of May 2024 were selected,and the main epidemiological characteristics of fungal infection in this hospital were identified and described through multi-angle statistical analysis.Results A total of 4 479 patients with filamentous fungal infection were en-rolled.The proportion of male patients[57.5％(2 576/4 479)]was higher than that of female patients[42.5％(1 903/4 143)],mainly distributed in internal medicine,Intensive Care Unit(ICU)and emergency de-partment,among which internal medicine accounted for the highest proportion[50.0％(2 241/4 479)].About 90.0％of the specimens were from the lower respiratory tract,in addition to specimens from skin and soft tis-sue,tissue,ear and blood culture.In terms of seasonal distribution,there are more patients in winter.The fun-gi were mainly composed of Aspergillus,Mucor,Cerdosporium,Fusarium and Penicillium,among which As-pergillus was the most abundant,accounting for 74.6％of the total.Aspergillus fumigatus was the most a-bundant Aspergillus,accounting for 42.5％of the total Aspergillus(1 418/3 340).Among the related infec-tions caused by mold,Aspergillus was the most common in the lower respiratory tract,accounting for 76.8％.Among them,Aspergillus fumigatus accounted for the highest proportion(33.6％).98.6％of the molds infected the ear were Aspergillus,of which Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus terreus were the most common.Skin infections are mainly caused by Sporothrix schenckii,Trichophyton rubrum,Microsporum ca-nis.The results of in vitro drug sensitivity test showed that the four common Aspergillus isolated in this hos-pital were sensitive to voriconazole,and amphotericin B had better antifungal activity against Mucorales in vitro.Conclusion Based on the main epidemiological characteristics of fungal infections in this hospital,it is recommended that special attention be paid to the admission of patients in the respiratory department during the peak infection period in autumn and winter.In the treatment of fungal infections in different regions and on different body parts,attention should be paid to the differences in the distribution of bacterial species.

Objective:To explore the effect of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) combined with Saccharomyces boulardii in ulcerative colitis (UC) and effect of serum asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA). Methods:A total of 100 patients with UC admitted to the First Hospital of Yulin from August 2021 to August 2023 were prospectively selected as the study objects and divided into control group and observation group according to random number table method, with 50 cases in each group. The control group was treated with mesalazine + Saccharomyces boulardii sachets, and the observation group was treated with mesalazine + Saccharomyces boulardii sachets + HBO, and both groups were treated for 60 d. The clinical efficacy and the levels of intestinal flora, ADMA, intestinal mucosal barrier function indexes, inflammatory factors and immune function indexes before and after treatment were compared between the two groups, and the occurrence of adverse reactions were compared between the two groups. Results:After treatment, the total effective rate in the observation group was higher than that in the control group: 74.00%(37/52) vs. 50.00%(26/52), there was statistical difference ( χ2 = 5.19, P<0.05). After treatment, the number of Enterococcus and Escherichia coli in the observation group were lower than those in the control group: (4.37 ± 0.91) lgcfu/g vs. (7.95 ± 1.32) lgcfu/g, (6.17 ± 0.92) lgcfu/g vs. (9.36 ± 1.35) lgcfu/g; and the number of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium were higher than those in the control group: (10.24 ± 2.57) lgcfu/g vs. (8.38 ± 1.48) lgcfu/g, (10.72 ± 3.15) lgcfu/g vs. (8.69 ± 2.64) lgcfu/g, there were statistical differences ( P<0.05). After treatment, the level of ADMA in the observation group was lower than that in control group: (0.51 ± 0.08) μmol/L vs. (0.85 ± 0.12) μmol/L; and the intestinal mucosal barrier function indexes of diamine oxidase, D-lactic acid and endotoxin were lower than those in the control group: (5.82 ± 1.13) U/L vs. (7.13 ± 1.89) U/L, (3.96 ± 0.42) mmol/L vs. (4.38 ± 0.85)mmol/L, (0.18 ± 0.02) kEU/L vs. (0.23 ± 0.04) kEU/L, there were statistical differences ( P<0.05). After treatment, the inflammatory factor C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin (IL)-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in the observation group were lower than those in the control group: (4.84 ± 0.68) mg/L vs. (7.16 ± 0.82) mg/L, (13.24 ± 1.98) ng/L vs. (17.61 ± 2.25) ng/L, (22.13 ± 4.16) μg/L vs. (29.36 ± 5.37) μg/L; and IL-10 was higher than that in the control group:(15.35 ± 2.98) ng/L vs. (11.27 ± 3.26) ng/L, there were statistical differences ( P<0.05). After treatment, the immune function indexes CD 3+, CD 4+, CD 4+/CD 8+ in the observation group were higher than those in the control group: 0.563 ± 0.063 vs. 0.459 ± 0.052, 0.420 ± 0.049 vs. 0.383 ± 0.053, 1.35 ± 0.32 vs. 1.16 ± 0.26, there werestatistical differences ( P<0.05). The incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups had no statistical difference ( P>0.05). Conclusions:HBO combined with Saccharomyces boulardii can significantly improve clinical symptoms, reduce intestinal mucosal damage and improve intestinal microenvironment in UC patients.

Objective: To compare the clinical outcomes and biomechanical characteristics of 1-, 2-, and 3-level pedicle subtraction osteotomy (PSO), and establish selection criteria based on preoperative radiographic parameters. Methods: Patients undergone PSO to treat ankylosing spondylitis from February 2009 to May 2019 in Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University were enrolled. According to the quantity of osteotomy performed, the participants were divided into group A (1-level PSO, n = 24), group B (2-level PSO, n = 19), and group C (3-level PSO, n = 11). Clinical outcomes were assessed before surgery and at the final follow-up. Comparisons of the radiographic parameters and quality-of-life indicators were performed among and within these groups, and the selection criteria were established by regression. Finite element analysis was conducted to compare the biomechanical characteristics of the spine treated with different quantity of osteotomies under different working conditions. Results: Three-level PSO improved the sagittal parameters more significantly, but resulted in longer operative time and greater blood loss (p < 0.05). Greater stress was found in the proximal screws and proximal junction area of the vertebra in the model simulating 1-level PSO. Larger stress of screws and vertebra was observed at the distal end in the model simulating 3-level PSO. Conclusion Multilevel PSO works better for larger deformity correction than single-level PSO by allowing greater sagittal parameter correction and obtaining a better distribution of stress in the hardware construct, although with longer operation time and greater blood loss. Three-level osteotomy is recommended for the patients with preoperative of global kyphosis > 85.95°, T1 pelvic angle > 62.3°, sagittal vertical alignment > 299.55 mm, and pelvic tilt+ chin-brow vertical angle > 109.6°.

Objective: To compare the clinical outcomes and biomechanical characteristics of 1-, 2-, and 3-level pedicle subtraction osteotomy (PSO), and establish selection criteria based on preoperative radiographic parameters. Methods: Patients undergone PSO to treat ankylosing spondylitis from February 2009 to May 2019 in Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University were enrolled. According to the quantity of osteotomy performed, the participants were divided into group A (1-level PSO, n = 24), group B (2-level PSO, n = 19), and group C (3-level PSO, n = 11). Clinical outcomes were assessed before surgery and at the final follow-up. Comparisons of the radiographic parameters and quality-of-life indicators were performed among and within these groups, and the selection criteria were established by regression. Finite element analysis was conducted to compare the biomechanical characteristics of the spine treated with different quantity of osteotomies under different working conditions. Results: Three-level PSO improved the sagittal parameters more significantly, but resulted in longer operative time and greater blood loss (p < 0.05). Greater stress was found in the proximal screws and proximal junction area of the vertebra in the model simulating 1-level PSO. Larger stress of screws and vertebra was observed at the distal end in the model simulating 3-level PSO. Conclusion Multilevel PSO works better for larger deformity correction than single-level PSO by allowing greater sagittal parameter correction and obtaining a better distribution of stress in the hardware construct, although with longer operation time and greater blood loss. Three-level osteotomy is recommended for the patients with preoperative of global kyphosis > 85.95°, T1 pelvic angle > 62.3°, sagittal vertical alignment > 299.55 mm, and pelvic tilt+ chin-brow vertical angle > 109.6°.

Objective: To compare the clinical outcomes and biomechanical characteristics of 1-, 2-, and 3-level pedicle subtraction osteotomy (PSO), and establish selection criteria based on preoperative radiographic parameters. Methods: Patients undergone PSO to treat ankylosing spondylitis from February 2009 to May 2019 in Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University were enrolled. According to the quantity of osteotomy performed, the participants were divided into group A (1-level PSO, n = 24), group B (2-level PSO, n = 19), and group C (3-level PSO, n = 11). Clinical outcomes were assessed before surgery and at the final follow-up. Comparisons of the radiographic parameters and quality-of-life indicators were performed among and within these groups, and the selection criteria were established by regression. Finite element analysis was conducted to compare the biomechanical characteristics of the spine treated with different quantity of osteotomies under different working conditions. Results: Three-level PSO improved the sagittal parameters more significantly, but resulted in longer operative time and greater blood loss (p < 0.05). Greater stress was found in the proximal screws and proximal junction area of the vertebra in the model simulating 1-level PSO. Larger stress of screws and vertebra was observed at the distal end in the model simulating 3-level PSO. Conclusion Multilevel PSO works better for larger deformity correction than single-level PSO by allowing greater sagittal parameter correction and obtaining a better distribution of stress in the hardware construct, although with longer operation time and greater blood loss. Three-level osteotomy is recommended for the patients with preoperative of global kyphosis > 85.95°, T1 pelvic angle > 62.3°, sagittal vertical alignment > 299.55 mm, and pelvic tilt+ chin-brow vertical angle > 109.6°.

Objective:To establish a prediction method of diopter based on sequence of ocular biological parameters.Methods:A stratified random cluster sampling method was used to extract the dataset. The dataset consisted of data collected from January 2022 to January 2023 by the Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, from children aged 5 to 13 years in 2 key schools and 2 general schools of Yangpu District, Shanghai. Children’s ocular biological parameters, including sex, age, diopter, axial length, corneal curvature, and anterior chamber depth were collected. The slope of the optimally fitted straight line was calculated using the least squares method. The least square-back propagation (BP) neural network model was established by combining baseline data and the pre-processed rate of the change of ocular biological parameters. The dataset was divided into the training set and the validation set according to the ratio of 8:2 for five-fold cross-validation. The model performance was evaluated by using the mean absolute error (MAE), mean squared error (MSE), root mean square error (RMSE), correlation coefficient R, and coefficient of determination R2. Results:The optimal performances of R2, R, RMSE, MAE, and MSE of the least square-BP neural network model were 0.96, 0.981 9, 0.214 2, 0.139 9 D, 0.045 9, respectively. The regression equation between the predicted value and the true value of the diopter was y=0.97 x+ 0.014 8, R2=0.97, with good correlation. In the internal verification, MAE values of the diopter at three, six, nine, and twelve months of follow-up were 0.110 1, 0.136 0, 0.153 7, and 0.184 8 D, respectively, which achieved clinically acceptable performance (less than 0.25 D). In the external validation, the errors were less than 0.25 D at all ages. Conclusions:A prediction method of diopter based on sequence of ocular biological parameters was successfully developed.

Objective: To compare the clinical outcomes and biomechanical characteristics of 1-, 2-, and 3-level pedicle subtraction osteotomy (PSO), and establish selection criteria based on preoperative radiographic parameters. Methods: Patients undergone PSO to treat ankylosing spondylitis from February 2009 to May 2019 in Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University were enrolled. According to the quantity of osteotomy performed, the participants were divided into group A (1-level PSO, n = 24), group B (2-level PSO, n = 19), and group C (3-level PSO, n = 11). Clinical outcomes were assessed before surgery and at the final follow-up. Comparisons of the radiographic parameters and quality-of-life indicators were performed among and within these groups, and the selection criteria were established by regression. Finite element analysis was conducted to compare the biomechanical characteristics of the spine treated with different quantity of osteotomies under different working conditions. Results: Three-level PSO improved the sagittal parameters more significantly, but resulted in longer operative time and greater blood loss (p < 0.05). Greater stress was found in the proximal screws and proximal junction area of the vertebra in the model simulating 1-level PSO. Larger stress of screws and vertebra was observed at the distal end in the model simulating 3-level PSO. Conclusion Multilevel PSO works better for larger deformity correction than single-level PSO by allowing greater sagittal parameter correction and obtaining a better distribution of stress in the hardware construct, although with longer operation time and greater blood loss. Three-level osteotomy is recommended for the patients with preoperative of global kyphosis > 85.95°, T1 pelvic angle > 62.3°, sagittal vertical alignment > 299.55 mm, and pelvic tilt+ chin-brow vertical angle > 109.6°.

Objective: To compare the clinical outcomes and biomechanical characteristics of 1-, 2-, and 3-level pedicle subtraction osteotomy (PSO), and establish selection criteria based on preoperative radiographic parameters. Methods: Patients undergone PSO to treat ankylosing spondylitis from February 2009 to May 2019 in Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University were enrolled. According to the quantity of osteotomy performed, the participants were divided into group A (1-level PSO, n = 24), group B (2-level PSO, n = 19), and group C (3-level PSO, n = 11). Clinical outcomes were assessed before surgery and at the final follow-up. Comparisons of the radiographic parameters and quality-of-life indicators were performed among and within these groups, and the selection criteria were established by regression. Finite element analysis was conducted to compare the biomechanical characteristics of the spine treated with different quantity of osteotomies under different working conditions. Results: Three-level PSO improved the sagittal parameters more significantly, but resulted in longer operative time and greater blood loss (p < 0.05). Greater stress was found in the proximal screws and proximal junction area of the vertebra in the model simulating 1-level PSO. Larger stress of screws and vertebra was observed at the distal end in the model simulating 3-level PSO. Conclusion Multilevel PSO works better for larger deformity correction than single-level PSO by allowing greater sagittal parameter correction and obtaining a better distribution of stress in the hardware construct, although with longer operation time and greater blood loss. Three-level osteotomy is recommended for the patients with preoperative of global kyphosis > 85.95°, T1 pelvic angle > 62.3°, sagittal vertical alignment > 299.55 mm, and pelvic tilt+ chin-brow vertical angle > 109.6°.

Objective:To investigate the predictive value of different body obesity measures for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).Methods:It was a cross-sectional study. The present study was a case-control study involving 553 subjects who underwent physical examination from January to April 2022. The subjects were divided into NAFLD group ( n=321 cases) and control group ( n=232 cases) according to abdominal ultrasound imaging parameters. All subjects completed a general information questionnaire, liver ultrasound examination, serum biochemical indices and physical measurements. Logistic regression model was used to analyze the correlation between human obesity measures (neck circumference, triceps skinfold thickness (TSF),body mass index (BMI), waist-to-hip ratio, lipid accumulation index (LAP), visceral fat index (VAI), body roundness index (BRI) and a body shape index (ABSI)) and NAFLD. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and area under the curve (AUC) were used to evaluate the predictive value of single and combined measures of obesity for NAFLD. Results:The subjects were stratified by gender, and the quartile levels of BMI, neck circumference, TSF, waist-to-hip ratio, LAP, VAI and BRI were all correlated with NAFLD in both male and female (all P<0.05). After further adjustment for confounding factors, compared with those in group Q 1, group Q 4 of the above-mentioned indexes still had higher odds ratios ( P<0.05). The AUC value of LAP in predicting NAFLD was the largest in both men and women, which was 0.836(0.788-0.876) and 0.885(0.839-0.921), and the cut-off value was 41.93 and 33.27, respectively. There was no significant difference in AUC of ROC predicting NAFLD among LAP, BRI and BMI ( P>0.05). The AUC of ABSI in predicting NAFLD was less than 0.7(namely 0.584(0.525-0.641) and 0.679(0.618-0.735) in men and women, respectively), which indicated poor predictive performance for NAFLD. In the pairwise combination index, the AUC of ROC predicting NAFLD with TSF+LAP in male was the largest, which was 0.864(0.819-0.901), and there was statistical significance when compared with BRI (AUC=0.818(0.769-0.860)) and BMI (AUC=0.816(0.767-0.858)) ( P<0.05), but there was no statistical significance when compared with LAP (AUC=0.836(0.788-0.876)) ( P>0.05). The AUC of ROC predicting NAFLD with VAI+LAP in women was the largest, it was 0.894(0.849-0.928), there was statistical significance when compared with BMI (AUC=0.849(0.799-0.890)) ( P<0.05), but there was no statistical significance when compared with LAP (AUC=0.885(0.839-0.921)) and BRI (AUC=0.870(0.822-0.908)) ( P>0.05). Conclusion:BMI, neck circumference, TSF, waist-to-hip ratio, LAP, VAI and BRI all have good predictive value for NAFLD.