Melanoma is characterized with high heterogeneity and invasiveness. The advent of cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen-4 (CTLA-4) inhibitors have shown the obvious therapeutic efficacy in the treatment of melanoma patients, which promotes the progression of melanoma immunotherapy. However, therapy resistance caused by immune escape of melanoma and immune-related adverse events caused by treatment have limited the therapeutic effects of CTLA-4 inhibitors, which have become a clinical challenge. This article reviews the current role of CTLA-4 inhibitors in melanoma therapy, aiming to provide references for clinical immunotherapy strategies for melanoma.

Melanoma is characterized with high heterogeneity and invasiveness. The advent of cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen-4 (CTLA-4) inhibitors have shown the obvious therapeutic efficacy in the treatment of melanoma patients, which promotes the progression of melanoma immunotherapy. However, therapy resistance caused by immune escape of melanoma and immune-related adverse events caused by treatment have limited the therapeutic effects of CTLA-4 inhibitors, which have become a clinical challenge. This article reviews the current role of CTLA-4 inhibitors in melanoma therapy, aiming to provide references for clinical immunotherapy strategies for melanoma.