Objective: To investigate the effects of RING 1 and YY1 binding protein (RYBP), a member of the polycomb group (PcG), on bladder cancer cell proliferation and invasion, as well as the underlying mechanisms involved, so as to provide reference for the prevention and treatment of bladder cancer. Methods: Overexpressing and knocking down of RYBP were achieved in bladder cancer cell lines (T24, UM-UC-3, and 5637) via plasmids or siRNAs.Cell proliferation was assessed via thiazolyl blue (MTT) and colony formation assays, whereas migration was evaluated via scratch and Transwell assays.Changes in epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers and other related proteins were examined with Western blotting. Results: RYBP overexpression significantly inhibited bladder cancer cell proliferation, invasion, and migration, whereas RYBP knockdown promoted these behaviors.Western blotting results revealed that RYBP overexpression downregulated the expressions of EMT markers N-cadherin, Vimentin, and Slug, but upregulated the expression of E-cadherin.Conversely, RYBP knockdown upregulated the expressions of N-cadherin, Vimentin, and Slug, while reducing the expression of E-cadherin. Conclusion: RYBP appears to inhibit the proliferation and migration of bladder cancer cells via the EMT pathway, indicating its potential application in bladder cancer therapies.

Objective To explore the effects of the Otago Exercise Program(OEP)on activities of daily living,muscle strength,balance,and physical function in older adults with sarcopenia,to compare OEP with conventional exercise training,and to provide a basis for clinical rehabilitation programs for older adults with sarcopenia.Methods In this randomized controlled trial,120 older adults clinically diagnosed with sarcopenia were enrolled.The participants were randomly assigned to the OEP intervention group(experimental group)and the conventional exercise intervention group(control group),with 60 in each group.The experimental group underwent 12 weeks of OEP training,three times a week,with each session lasting 45 minutes.The control group underwent conventional exercise training following the same schedule.The Modified Barthel Index was used as the primary outcome measure to assess activities of daily living.Secondary outcome measures included muscle strength,gait stability,dynamic balance,and physical function status,evaluated using grip strength,6-meter walking speed,the Timed Up and Go Test(TUGT),and the Short Physical Performance Battery(SPPB).Results A total of 120 older adults with sarcopenia were included.The mean age of the participants was(80.17±8.48)years.Baseline data before treatment showed no statistically significant differences between the two groups.Both groups completed the treatment within 12 weeks without experiencing any adverse events.The baseline data for the experimental group were as follows,MBI at(67.00±22.76)points,hand grip strength at(15.29±4.94)kg,gait speed at(0.61±0.26)m/s,TUGT time at(15.05±6.74)s,and SPPB score at(6.17±1.40)points,while the corresponding post-intervention findings were as follows,(78.72±15.83)points,(17.67±5.83)kg,(0.77±0.28)m/s,(13.49±6.16)s,and(9.25±1.71)points,respectively.The experimental group showed improvements in all measures from baseline to post-intervention(P＜0.05 for all measures).As for the control group,the baseline data for the corresponding measures were as follows,(67.20±22.12)points,(15.00±5.35)kg,(0.58±0.23)m/s,(17.29±6.90)s,and(6.00±1.24)points,respectively.The post-intervention findings increased to(71.13±20.28)points,(15.47±5.72)kg,(0.64±0.28)m/s,(16.50±6.99)s,and(6.73±1.61)points,respectively,but the changes were not statistically significant(P＞0.05).Furthermore,an intergroup comparison of intervention effects(post-intervention minus preintervention)revealed significant differences in mean changes from baseline.The experimental group demonstrated improvements of(+11.72±6.32)points in modified Barthel Index,(+11.72±6.32)kg in grip strength,(+0.16±0.09)m/s in gait speed,(—1.56±1.32)s in TUGT time,and(—1.56±1.32)points in SPPB score.In contrast,the control group showed smaller changes of(+3.93±5.65)points,(+0.47±1.37)kg,(+0.06±0.07)m/s,(—0.79±1.54)s,and(+0.73±1.12)points,respectively(all P＜0.05).Intergroup comparisons revealed superior outcomes in the experimental group across all measures.Conclusion OEP significantly enhances activities of daily living,improves muscle strength,balance,and physical function in older adults,and is more effective than conventional rehabilitation exercise programs,making it suitable for extensive clinical application.

Objective To investigate the comprehensive intervention effects of transfer energy capacitive and resistive(TECAR)therapy combined with β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate(HMB)nutritional supplementation in older patients with sarcopenic obesity(SO).Methods We conducted a randomized controlled trial,enrolling 140 older patients who met the Asian diagnostic criteria for SO.Participants were randomly assigned to 4 groups,including a double-placebo group(Group A),TECAR+placebo group(Group B),sham TECAR+HMB group(Group C),and TECAR+HMB group(Group D),with 35 patients in each group.The intervention lasted 12 weeks.The primary outcome measure was the total score of the Short Physical Performance Battery(SPPB).Secondary outcome indicators included the modified Barthel Index(MBI),scores of the Mini Nutritional Assessment-Short Form(MNA-SF),handgrip strength,body mass,and body mass index(BMI).A two-way analysis of variance(ANOVA)was used to assess the interaction effects between TECAR and HMB.Results After the intervention,Group D(TECAR+HMB)demonstrated significant improvements across all metrics.The SPPB total score increased from 6.29±1.34 to 8.06±1.51(P<0.001),with notable enhancements in walking speed(2.71±0.86 vs.1.97±0.82),chair stand(2.60±0.55 vs.2.11±0.47),and balance(2.74±0.74 vs.2.20±0.76).MBI improved from 71.74±14.41 to 79.91±10.52(P<0.001).Handgrip strength increased from(13.65±5.05)kg to(15.72±4.89)kg(P=0.001).Body mass decreased from(81.78±9.02)kg to(76.95±9.89)kg(P<0.001),and BMI reduced from(30.14±1.68)kg/m2 to(28.34±2.33)kg/m2(P<0.001).Interaction analysis revealed significant synergistic effects between TECAR and HMB in improving the SPPB total scores(F=16.374,P<0.001,η2=0.107)and reducing BMI(F=14.328,P<0.001,η2=0.095).Conclusion TECAR therapy combined with HMB supplementation significantly enhances physical function,activities of daily living,and body composition in elderly patients with sarcopenic obesity,demonstrating a synergistic effect.

Objective To explore growth pattern of neo-aortic root as well as development of neo-aortic regurgitation after arterial switch operation (ASO) for Taussig-Bing anomaly. Methods From 2002 to 2017, the patients who received ASO, and were discharged alive from Shanghai Children’s Medical Center and followed up for more than 3 years were retrospectively involved in this study. Results A total of 127 patients were enrolled. There were 98 (77.2%) males, the median age at ASO was 73.0 d and the average weight was 4.7 kg. Forty-five (35.4%) children were complicated with mild or mild-to-moderate pulmonary insufficiency (PI) before ASO. The average follow-up time was 7.0 years. During the follow-up, 14 (11.0%) children presented moderate or greater neo-aortic regurgitation (neo-AR). The diameter of neo-aortic annulus and sinus of Valsalva was beyond normal range during the entire follow-up. The average diameter of neo-aortic annulus was 18.0 mm at 5 years and 20.5 mm at 10 years. The average diameter of sinus of Valsalva was 25.9 mm at 5 years and 31.1 mm at 10 years. Neo-AR continued to develop over time. The diameter of children who developed moderate or greater neo-AR was constantly larger than that of children who did not (χ2=18.3, P<0.001). Preoperative mild or mild-to-moderate PI was an independent risk factor for the development of moderate or greater neo-AR during mid-to-long term follow-up (c-HR=3.46, P=0.03). Conclusion The diameters of neo-aortic annulus and sinus of Valsalva of Taussig-Bing children who receive ASO repair continue to expand without normalization. The dilation of annulus correlates with the development of neo-AR. PI before ASO repair increases the risk of neo-AR development.

Objective:To explore the early curative effect of reverse shoulder arthroplasty in treatment of irreparable rotator cuff tear.Methods:Twenty-three patients with irreparable rotator cuff tears treated with reverse shoulder arthroplasty at Beijing Jishuitan Hospital from January 2020 to December 2022 were retrospectively analyzed, including 4 males and 19 females; age 69.3±8.6 years (range, 51-89 years), of which 8 patients were over 70 years and 15 patients were under 70 years; 5 patients were on the left side and 18 patients were on the right side; the duration of symptoms was 24 (4, 36) months; 7 patients with rotator cuff arthritis (CTA) and 16 with non-CTA. Functional scores including the American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES), University of California Los Angeles (UCLA), simple shoulder test (SST), Constant - Murley scores, visual analogue scale (VAS) of pain, and range of motion including forward elevation, external rotation and internal rotation were collected to evaluate the postoperative efficacy of the treatment. ASES was considered as primary outcome, which was greater than 11.6 as for the minimal clinically important difference (MCID). The stratified analysis according to CTA or not and age greater than 70 years or not were performed to compare the efficacy of the two groups respectively.Results:Twenty-three patients were included with a follow-up time of 14.9±2.2 months (range, 12-19 months). The ASES, UCLA and Constant-Murley score improved from 46.6±14.8, 15.4±5.3 and 51.1±18.7 preoperatively to 87.3±4.5, 28.3±2.2 and 78.1±7.6 at the final follow-up, SST improved from 2(1, 4) preoperatively to 9(8, 10) at the final follow-up, VAS score decreased from 4(3, 5) preoperatively to 0(0, 1) at the final follow-up, and forward flexion supination improved from 77.1°±35.8° preoperatively to 125.2°±19.5° at follow-up; the difference between pre- and post-operative for all of the above metrics was statistically significant ( P<0.05). External rotation improved from 29.5°±22.2° preoperatively to 35.0°±13.5° at the final follow-up, and internal rotation improved from 5.0±3.0 points preoperatively to 5.3±2.8 points at the final follow-up, but none of the differences were statistically significant ( P>0.05). Minimal clinical important difference (100%) in postoperative improvement was achieved in all patients. CTA and non-CTA patients, although there was a significant difference between the two groups in preoperative ASES, Constant-Murley, SST, and VAS scores, the differences in each index were not statistically significant postoperatively ( P>0.05); the differences in all indexes between the two age groups, preoperatively and postoperatively, were not statistically significant ( P>0.05). Conclusion:Reverse total shoulder arthroplasty can achieve satisfactory clinical results in the early postoperative period in patients with irreparable rotator cuff tears. Although there are some preoperative functional differences, significant improvement can be achieved with reverse total shoulder arthroplasty regardless CTA or non-CTA patients. There was no significant difference in early postoperative outcomes between patients over 70 years and relatively younger patients.

BACKGROUND: Epidemiological studies have demonstrated a causal relationship between ambient ozone (O 3 ) and mortality from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), which is the only outcome considered in the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021 for O 3 . This study aims to evaluate the temporal trend and spatial distribution of the COPD burden attributable to O 3 across China from 1990 to 2021. METHODS: The ambient O 3 concentrations in China were estimated. Based on the methodology framework and standard analytical methods applied in the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021, we estimated the annual number, age-standardized rate, and percentage of deaths and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) from COPD attributable to O 3 pollution during 1990-2021 at the national and provincial levels in China. RESULTS: In 2021, a total of 125.7 (95% uncertainty interval [UI], 26.4-228.3) thousand deaths and 1917.5 (95% UI, 398.7-3504.6) thousand DALYs from COPD were attributable to ambient O 3 pollution in China, accounting for 9.8% (95% UI, 2.1-17.0%) and 8.1% (95% UI, 1.8-14.1%) of the total COPD deaths and DALYs, respectively. Generally, a higher burden was observed among males, the elderly, and the population residing in regions with worse health conditions. The age-standardized rates of COPD deaths and DALYs per 100,000 populations ranged from 0.5 (95% UI, 0-1.4) and 8.1 (95% UI, 0.7-20.9) in Hong Kong to 22.8 (95% UI, 3.9-43.5) and 396.6 (95% UI, 68.9-763.7) in Xizang. From 1990 to 2021, there was a notable decrease in the age-standardized rates of COPD-related deaths (68.2%, 95% UI, 60.1-74.9%) and DALYs (71.5%, 95% UI, 63.7-77.6%), especially in regions with poor health conditions. However, the attributable numbers and percentages changed relatively marginally. CONCLUSIONS Ambient O 3 pollution is a major contributor to the COPD burden in China. Our findings highlight the significant spatial heterogeneity across different provinces and underscore the implementation of geographically tailored policies to effectively reduce O 3 pollution and alleviate the associated disease burden.
Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/etiology* ; Ozone/analysis* ; Humans ; China/epidemiology* ; Global Burden of Disease ; Male ; Air Pollution/adverse effects* ; Female ; Middle Aged ; Aged ; Air Pollutants/analysis* ; Disability-Adjusted Life Years ; Quality-Adjusted Life Years

Objective    To explore the effect of LeCompte maneuver on in-hospital mortality and mid-to-long term reintervention after single-stage arterial switch operation in children with side-by-side Taussig-Bing anomaly. Methods     Clinical data of patients diagnosed with side-by-side Taussig-Bing anomaly and undergoing single-stage arterial switch operation in Shanghai Children’s Medical Center from 2006 to 2017 were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were divided into two groups based on whether LeCompte maneuver was performed: a LeCompte maneuver group and a non LeCompte maneuver group. The clinical data of two groups were compared. Results    Finally 92 patients were collected. LeCompte maneuver was performed in 32 out of 92 patients with a median age of 65.0 days and an average weight of 4.3 kg, among whom 24 (75.0%) were male. Fifteen (46.9%) patients received concomitant aortic arch repair while 12 (37.5%) patients were associated with coronary artery malformation. LeCompte maneuver was not performed in 60 patients with a median age of 81.0 days and an average weight of 4.8 kg, among whom 45 (75.0%) were male. Twenty-two (36.7%) patients received concomitant aortic arch repair while 35 (58.3%) patients were associated with coronary artery malformation. The average cardiopulmonary bypass duration of the LeCompte maneuver group showed no statistical difference from the non LeCompte maneuver group (179.0±60.0 min vs. 203.0±74.0 min, P=0.093). The in-hospital mortality of the two groups were 6 (18.8%) and 7 (11.7%), respectively, which also showed no statistical difference (P=0.364). The median follow-up period was 4.1 (1.6, 7.5) years for 79 patients with 8 lost to follow-up, and no death was observed. Kaplan-Meier curve and log-rank test showed no statistical difference in overall mid-to-long term reintervention rate (P=0.850) as well as right ventricular outflow tract and pulmonary artery reintervention rate (P=0.240) with or without LeCompte maneuver. Conclusion    Whether or not to perform LeCompte maneuver shows no statistical impact on in-hospital mortality and mid-to-long term reintervention rate of single-stage arterial switch operation for side-by-side Taussig-Bing anomaly.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the component characteristics and anti-infla mmatory activities of the low polarity parts from Sabia campanulata ，S. discolor and S. parviflora . METHODS Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry was used to analyze the components of low polarity parts eluted by petroleum ether from petroleum ether extract of dried stems and leaves of S. campanulata，S. discolor and S. parviflora . The chromatographic peaks were retrieved by both NIST 17 and Wiley 275 database， and their structures of each compound were compared and identified manually. The relative percentage content of each component was calculated by peak area normalization method. With indomethacin as positive control and the inhibition rate of nitric oxide （NO）production as the index ，the effects of the low polarity parts of the above three species of Sabia genus on the production of NO in lipopolysaccharide-induced human rheumatoid arthritis fibroblast-like synoviocytes （RA-FLS） and mouse mononuclear macrophage RAW 264.7 were compared ；the half inhibitory concentration （IC50）was calculated. RESULTS Totally 70，40 and 33 chemical components were identified respectively from the low polarity parts of S. campanulata ，S. discolor and S. parviflora ， including long-chain fatty hydrocarbons ，long-chain alcohol/aldehyde/ester ，monoterpenes；but there were only 5 common components in the three species ，such as dodecane and docosane，etc. S. campanulata contained abundant terpenoids （40.89％）； the relative percentage content of triterpenoids was high in S. discolor （30.29％）；the relative percentage content of long-chain fatty hydrocarbons was high in S. parviflora （87.70％）. The values of IC 50 of the low polarity parts of the above three species of Sabia genus to the production of NO in RA-FLS cells were 2.22，1.69 and 4.15 μg/mL，respectively. The values of IC 50 of them to the production of NO in RAW 264.7 cells were 1.23，4.02 and 3.05 μg/mL respectively，and all of them were lower than indomethacin （12.97，10.66 μg/mL）. CONCLUSIONS The components of the low polarity parts fr om the above three species of Sabia genus are mainly long-chain fatty hydrocarbons ， monoterpenes and long-chain alcohol/aldehyde/ester ， and all of them have certain anti-inflammatory activities.

Objective To establish a rapid prediction method of the antioxidant activity in aqueous extract solutions of Melastoma dodecandrum based on ultraviolet spectroscopy and partial least squares regression algorithm. Methods The DPPH free radical scavenging effect was used to characterize the antioxidant activity of aqueous extract solutions of Melastoma dodecandrum. The ultraviolet spectra of 190-600 nm were collected. The partial least squares regression model of antioxidant activity was established after optimizing the wavelength range and preprocessing method. The software was devised using Visual Basic as the integrated development environment to provide a convenient tool for the rapid determination of antioxidant activity. Results The optimal partial least squares regression model was established based on 200-290 nm as wavelength range and unit variance scaling as preprocessing method. The correlation coefficient of calibration, root mean square error of estimation, root mean square error of cross-validation was 0.887, 2.20% and 2.17%, respectively. The correlation coefficient of validation, root mean square error of prediction was 0.868, 2.08%. The average predicted recovery was 100.1±2.3%. With the predictive function in the software, the antioxidant activity of aqueous extract solution of Melastoma dodecandrum can be calculated automatically within 2 s after collecting the ultraviolet spectra. Conclusions This study provides a rapid method for the prediction of antioxidant activity in aqueous extract solutions of Melastoma dodecandrum.

Objective: To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) local infections in Zhejiang Province during the period between March and May, 2022, so as to provide the evidence for COVID-19 control. Methods: The individual investigation data and field epidemiological investigation data of local COVID-19 cases in Zhejiang Province from March to May 2022 were extracted from the National Diseases Prevention and Control Information System of China. The temporal, spatial and population distribution, identification and booster vaccination of local COVID-19 cases were analyzed using a descriptive epidemiological method. Factors affecting the severity of clinical symptoms were identified among local COVID-19 cases using a multivariable logistic regression model. Results: A total of 289 local COVID-19 epidemics occurred in Zhejiang Province from March to May 2022, and all infections were caused by the Omicron variant. A total of 1 598 local COVID-19 infections were reported, including 672 confirmed cases (42.05%) and 926 asymptomatic cases (57.95%), and the 672 confirmed case included 614 mild cases (91.37%), 58 normal cases (8.63%), while no severe, critically ill or dead cases were reported. The mean duration of COVID-zero community, mean duration of COVID-19 epidemics and mean length to COVID-19 peak calculated according to 7 epidemics with 50 and more cases were (6.14±1.07), (13.43±4.39), (3.00±1.63) d, respectively. COVID-19 infection was predominantly detected in centralized quarantine sites (1 105 cases, 69.15%), and 843 cases completed booster immunization of COVID-19 vaccines (52.75%). Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that age (with ages of 60 years and older as the reference, age of 6 to 17 years, OR=0.111, 95%CI: 0.024-0.508; age of 18 to 44 years, OR=0.341, 95%CI: 0.163-0.713) and booster COVID-19 vaccination (OR=0.219, 95%CI: 0.117-0.410) were protective factors for developing more severe clinical symptoms following COVID-19 infections. Conclusions All local COVID-19 infections were caused by Omicron variant in Zhejiang Province during the period between March and May 2022, and all cases had mild clinical symptoms. Preschool children, middle-aged and elderly residents and individuals that did not complete booster COVID-19 vaccination may had relatively more severe clinical symptoms following COVID-19 infections.