Objective To investigate the prevalence and related factors of sarcopenia among non–bedridden older adults in the community of Baoshan District using the China mini sarcopenia risk assessment 7 (C-MSRA-7) combined with Ishii scoring system. Methods The older individuals consulting at 20 community health stations in Baoshan District between April 2025 and June 2025 were enrolled. Data were collected using a general information questionnaire, a dietary and lifestyle habits survey, the C-MSRA-7, and the mini nutritional assessment-short form (MNA-SF). Handgrip strength and anthropometric measurements were also obtained. Individuals with both Ishii score and C-MSRA-7 results positive were classified into the sarcopenia risk group, while the remaining participants were assigned to the non–sarcopenia risk group. Differences in lifestyle habits, dietary patterns, and nutritional status between the two groups were compared. Results A total of 2 611 valid questionnaires were retrieved. Univariate analysis showed statistically significant differences in alcohol consumption, physical activity frequency, body mass index (BMI), nutritional status, activities of daily living, and regularity of three meals in sarcopenia risk group (n＝486) and non–sarcopenia risk group (n＝2 125, P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that advanced age (75–84 years: OR＝2.55, 95%CI 2.03–3.21; ≥85 years: OR＝3.98, 95%CI 2.24–7.07), underweight status (OR＝2.19, 95%CI 1.50–3.19), weight loss＞2 kg (OR＝4.52, 95%CI 2.68–7.64) past 3 months, lack of regular physical activity (OR＝1.77, 95%CI 1.24–2.52) , and alcohol consumption (OR＝1.48, 95%CI 1.07–2.05) were independent risk factors for sarcopenia (P<0.05). Behaviors related to healthy diet, including daily milk consumption (OR＝0.40, 95%CI 0.30–0.52), regular three meals (OR＝0.56, 95%CI 0.41–0.78), and high-quality protein intake (OR＝0.70, 95%CI 0.52–0.94), were protective factors (P<0.05). Conclusions Sarcopenia among community–dwelling, non–bedridden older adults is closely associated with physical activity levels, dietary habits, and nutritional status. Early identification of individuals at risk, enhanced nutritional education, and timely implementation of nutritional interventions and exercise programs are recommended for this population.

Objective To analyze the sleep problems and temperament characteristics of children aged 12-35 months so as to understand the relationship between the sleep problems and temperament in early childhood.Methods 129 toddlers with sleep problems and 129 normal controls were selected.The brief infant sleep questionnaire(BISQ)was used to investigate children's sleep problems and the temperament questionnaire was used to investigate their temperament characteristics.The influence of temperament on sleep problems was analyzed by Logistic regression analysis.Results The temperament types of children aged 12 to 35 months with sleep problems were mainly easy to cultivate and moderately easy to cultivate.There was a statistically significant difference(P<0.05)in the comparison of easily cultivating temperament types between the children with the sleep problems and the control group;Compared with the control group,there were statistically significant differences(P<0.05)in the five dimensions of avoidance,adaptability,emotional essence,persistence,and attention dispersion among children with sleep problems.Compared with the temperament type of easy to cultivate,the proportion of sleep problems in children intermediately easy to cultivate and slow to start was higher(both P<0.05)Conclusion There is a certain relationship between the sleep problems and temperament types in children aged 12 to 35 months.Early understanding of sleep problems and temperament characteristics of toddlers can guide parents to adjust their education methods in time,give parents"individualized"sleep guidance and intervention,reduce the occurrence of long-term development problems and promote the healthy physical and mental development of toddlers.

Objective This study aims to explore the layout and optimization of management disciplines in"Double First-Class"Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)universities,providing talent support and management guidance for the devel-opment of TCM.Methods Based on an overview of the development of management disciplines in TCM universities,six"Doub-le First-Class"TCM universities were selected as research subjects.Data were collected and compared using web retrieval and lit-erature research methods.Results Management disciplines in TCM universities still face challenges,such as weak foundational infrastructure and difficulties in interdisciplinary integration,insufficient faculty and suboptimal curriculum systems,and a single teaching model with a disconnect between theory and practice.Conclusion This paper proposes targeted suggestions and strate-gies for optimizing the layout of management disciplines in TCM universities,including strengthening support for management dis-ciplines and deepening TCM management characteristics,optimizing curriculum design and enhancing faculty resources,and in-novating teaching models to promote the deep integration of theory and practice.

Objective This study aims to explore the layout and optimization of management disciplines in"Double First-Class"Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)universities,providing talent support and management guidance for the devel-opment of TCM.Methods Based on an overview of the development of management disciplines in TCM universities,six"Doub-le First-Class"TCM universities were selected as research subjects.Data were collected and compared using web retrieval and lit-erature research methods.Results Management disciplines in TCM universities still face challenges,such as weak foundational infrastructure and difficulties in interdisciplinary integration,insufficient faculty and suboptimal curriculum systems,and a single teaching model with a disconnect between theory and practice.Conclusion This paper proposes targeted suggestions and strate-gies for optimizing the layout of management disciplines in TCM universities,including strengthening support for management dis-ciplines and deepening TCM management characteristics,optimizing curriculum design and enhancing faculty resources,and in-novating teaching models to promote the deep integration of theory and practice.

OBJECTIVE: Prunella vulgaris L. has long been used for liver protection according to traditional Chinese medicine theory and has been proven by modern pharmacological research to have multiple potential liver-protective effects. However, its effects on non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) are currently uncertain. Our study explores the effects of P. vulgaris polysaccharides on NASH and intestinal homeostasis. METHODS: An aqueous extract of the dried fruit spikes of P. vulgaris was precipitated in an 85% ethanol solution (PVE85) to extract crude polysaccharides from the herb. A choline-deficient, L-amino acid-defined, high-fat diet (CDAHFD) was administrated to male C57BL/6 mice to establish a NASH animal model. After 4 weeks, the PVE85 group was orally administered PVE85 (200 mg/[kg·d]), while the control group and CDAHFD group were orally administered vehicle for 6 weeks. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis, Western blotting, immunohistochemistry and other methods were used to assess the impact of PVE85 on the liver in mice with NASH. 16S rRNA gene amplicon analysis was employed to evaluate the gut microbiota abundance and diversity in each group to examine alterations at various taxonomic levels. RESULTS: PVE85 significantly reversed the course of NASH in mice. mRNA levels of inflammatory mediators associated with NASH and protein expression of hepatic nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat and pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) were significantly reduced after PVE85 treatment. Moreover, PVE85 attenuated the thickening and cross-linking of collagen fibres and inhibited the expression of fibrosis-related mRNAs in the livers of NASH mice. Intriguingly, PVE85 restored changes in the gut microbiota and improved intestinal barrier dysfunction induced by NASH by increasing the abundance of Actinobacteria and reducing the abundance of Proteobacteria at the phylum level. PVE85 had significant activity in reducing the relative abundance of Clostridiaceae at the family levels. PVE85 markedly enhanced the abundance of some beneficial micro-organisms at various taxonomic levels as well. Additionally, the physicochemical environment of the intestine was effectively improved, involving an increase in the density of intestinal villi, normalization of the intestinal pH, and improvement of intestinal permeability. CONCLUSION PVE85 can reduce hepatic lipid overaccumulation, inflammation, and fibrosis in an animal model of CDAHFD-induced NASH and improve the intestinal microbial composition and intestinal structure. Please cite this article as: Zhu MJ, Song YJ, Rao PL, Gu WY, Xu Y, Xu HX. Therapeutic role of Prunella vulgaris L. polysaccharides in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis and gut dysbiosis. J Integr Med. 2025; 2025; 23(3): 297-308.
Animals ; Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease/drug therapy* ; Male ; Dysbiosis/drug therapy* ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Gastrointestinal Microbiome/drug effects* ; Polysaccharides/therapeutic use* ; Prunella/chemistry* ; Mice ; Liver/metabolism* ; Plant Extracts/therapeutic use* ; Disease Models, Animal ; Diet, High-Fat

In recent years, with the rapid development of artificial intelligence technology, the application of deep learning in the field of pathology has been continuously expanding. Particularly, the rise of multimodal data fusion methods has opened up new technical paths for the precise diagnosis, prognosis assessment, and individualized treatment of tumors. By integrating multi-level and multi-source data such as clinical information, pathological omics, molecular omics, and imaging omics, deep learning models can identify potential associated features and key biological mechanisms that are difficult to reveal by a single modality, thereby significantly improving the accuracy of disease classification and the scientific nature of risk stratification. This article systematically reviews the research progress of multimodal data fusion methods based on deep learning in the field of pathology in recent years, focuses on sorting out different types of fusion strategies, evaluates their advantages and challenges in practical clinical applications, and looks forward to future development trends.

Objective:To evaluate the effect of applying function-related grouping model of Changsha medical insurance for patients convalescing from a cerebral infarction using the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health′s rehabilitation set (ICF-RS).Methods:Ninety cerebral infarction patients in convalescence were treated according to their functional status, including clinical treatment, rehabilitation, traditional Chinese medicine treatment, and rehabilitation nursing. Within 3 days after admission and at the time of discharge, they were evaluated using a comprehensive assessment system for cerebral infarction based on the ICF-RS. The modified Ashworth scale (MAS), Fugl-Meyer assessment (FMA), the mini-mental state examination (MMSE) and the Boston diagnostic aphasia examination (BDAE) were also employed.Results:With the exception of ICF-RS item b280 (pain perception) and item x005 of the MAS, all of the remaining assessments indicated significant enhancements compared to the pre-treatment levels. Functional severity grading also improved significantly after the treatment. Thirteen of the ICF-RS categories indicated more favorable therapeutic outcomes after the treatment. That was accompanied by improvements in the FMA upper limb, lower limb and total scores, and in the MMSE scores. However, no significant disparity was detected in the MAS scores or the BDAE grades before and after treatment.Conclusions:The comprehensive evaluation system based on the ICF-RS effectively evaluates the effectiveness of rehabilitation after cerebral infarction in a way suitable for medical insurance purposes.

In recent years,the incidence and mortality rates of hepatocellular carcinoma in China have gradually become close to each other,reflecting persistent limitations in current diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.Given the close association between hepatocellular carcinoma development and the progression of precancerous lesions,the expert panel released the first edition of the Multidisciplinary Experts Consensus on Diagnosis and Treatment of Precancerous Lesions of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in 2020 and updated it in 2023,aiming to advance early-intervention strategies and improve overall patient survival rates.This article provides an in-depth interpretation of the key imaging diagnostic points outlined in the consensus,aiming to offer radiologists at all levels with a robust reference for early identification and diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma precancerous lesions,thereby facilitating critical support for timely patient intervention and treatment.

Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is an important food crop. The appearance of lesion mimics in rice leads to phytohormone disorders, which affects rice adaptation to environmental stresses and ultimately reduces the yield and quality. To explore whether the changes in the adaptability of rice lesion-mimic mutants to stressful environments are caused by the disorder of phytohormone metabolism in plants. In this study, we screened an ethyl methane sulfonate-treated population of the japonica cultivar 'Taipei 309' for a mutant with rust-like spots on leaves at the early tillering stage and brown-red spots at maturity and named it rsl1 (rust spotted leaf 1). Compared with the wild type, rsl1 showed decreases in plant height, panicle length, primary branch number, secondary branch number, filled grains per panicle, seed-setting rate, and 1 000-grain weight, and an increase in number of effective panicles. Genetic analysis indicated that rsl1 was controlled by a single recessive nuclear gene. RSL1 was localized between two molecular markers, B7-7 and B7-9, on rice chromosome 7 by map-based cloning. PCR sequencing of the annotated genes in this interval revealed a mutation of C1683A on the eighth exon of SPL5 (LOC_Os07g10390) in rsl1, which resulted in premature termination of protein translation. Exogenous phytohormone treatments showed that rsl1 was less sensitive to salicylic acid (SA), abscisic acid (ABA), and indo-3-acetic acid (IAA) and more sensitive to methyl jasmonate (MeJA) and gibberellin acid (GA) than the wild type. In addition, the survival rate of rsl1 was lower than that of the wild type under salt, alkali, drought, and high temperature stresses, and it was higher than that of the wild type under cold stress. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) results showed that RSL1 was involved in the regulation of ABA, SA, MeJA, IAA, and GA-related genes under abiotic stresses. The present study showed that the RSL1 mutation led to the appearance of lesion mimics and affected the growth, development, and stress resistance of rsl1 under abiotic stresses. The study of the functional mechanism of this gene can provide theoretical guidance for the research on rice stress resistance.
Oryza/microbiology* ; Stress, Physiological/genetics* ; Plant Diseases/genetics* ; Cloning, Molecular ; Chromosome Mapping ; Plant Growth Regulators/metabolism* ; Plant Proteins/genetics* ; Mutation ; Cyclopentanes ; Genes, Plant ; Plant Leaves/genetics* ; Oxylipins

L-theanine is an important natural non-protein amino acid that is widely used in food and medicine. Although in previous studies, a microbial fermentation method for L-theanine without the addition of ethylamine has been developed, the conversion rate of this process needs to be further improved. In this study, we constructed a de novo synthesis pathway of L-theanine with glucose as the substrate. First, an in vitro transformation pathway containing ω-transaminase (TA) and γ-glutamylmethylamide synthetase (GMAS) was designed, optimized, and introduced into the chassis strain Escherichia coli K12 W3110 to achieve de novo synthesis of L-theanine. To improve the synthesis efficiency through metabolic engineering, we increased the copies of the GMAS gene gams and the TA gene spuC and enhanced the expression of the aldehyde dehydrogenase gene eutE to provide sufficient acetaldehyde substrate, knocked out the lactate dehydrogenase gene ldhA and the pyruvate formate lyase gene pflB to block bypass metabolism, and introduced the alanine dehydrogenase gene alD to recycle alanine. Furthermore, we over-expressed the phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase gene ppc to enhance the carbon flux of the TCA cycle, knocked out the succinyl-CoA synthase gene sucCD to reduce the loss of downstream flux of TCA, and integrated the glutamate dehydrogenase gene gdh to enhance the supply of L-glutamate. Finally, the polyphosphate kinase gene ppk was introduced to the ATP cycle, which enhanced the energy supply in L-theanine production. The recombinant strain Tea11 produced 22.60 g/L L-theanine in a 5 L fermenter in 28 h, with a conversion rate of 41.71%. This synthetic pathway in this study balanced the relationship between the supply of ethylamine and the production of theanine, providing a new idea for metabolic engineering of microorganisms to produce L-theanine.
Glutamates/biosynthesis* ; Metabolic Engineering/methods* ; Escherichia coli/genetics* ; Fermentation ; Transaminases/metabolism* ; Amide Synthases/metabolism* ; Glucose/metabolism*