OBJECTIVES: To analyze the differences in the prognosis of gastric signet ring cell carcinoma (SRCC) among different races using the US Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) database and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. METHODS: We analyzed the data of patients with gastric SRCC from the SEER database from 2000 to 2020, and divided the patients into cohorts of whites, blacks, Asians or Pacific Islanders, American Indians/Alaska Natives according to their race. The prognosis and treatment of the cohorts were evaluated using baseline demographic analysis, Kamplan-Meier survival curve, and nomogram analysis. RESULTS: We analyzed the data of a total of 2058 patients, including 8.6% blacks, 72.4% whites, 16.6% Asians or Pacific Islanders, 1.0% American Indians/Alaska Natives, and 1.4% other races. The tumor grade varied among different races, and the prevalence and survival rates of patients differed significantly across races. The differences in the white cohort were the most prominent, and all the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). Racial differences were also noted in patient management and prognosis. CONCLUSIONS There are racial differences in tumor grades and prognosis of gastric SRCC, and these differences provide evidence for optimizing clinical diagnosis and treatment strategies for this malignancy.
Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Carcinoma, Signet Ring Cell/therapy* ; Databases, Factual ; Prognosis ; Racial Groups ; SEER Program ; Stomach Neoplasms/therapy* ; Survival Rate ; United States/epidemiology* ; White ; Asian American Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islander ; American Indian or Alaska Native ; Black or African American

Previous studies have identified two group-level processes, neural representations of interracial between-group difference and intraracial within-group similarity, that contribute to the racial categorization of faces. What remains unclear is how the brain tracks race-related information that varies across different faces as an individual-level neural process involved in race perception. In three studies, we recorded functional MRI signals when Chinese adults performed different tasks on morphed faces in which proportions of pixels contributing to perceived racial identity (Asian vs White) and expression (pain vs neutral) varied independently. We found that, during a pain expression judgment task, tracking other-race and same-race-related information in perceived faces recruited the ventral occipitotemporal cortices and medial prefrontal/anterior temporal cortices, respectively. However, neural tracking of race-related information tended to be weakened during explicit race judgments on perceived faces. During a donation task, the medial prefrontal activity also tracked race-related information that distinguished between two perceived faces for altruistic decision-making and encoded the Euclidean distance between the two faces that predicted decision-making speeds. Our findings revealed task-dependent neural mechanisms underlying the tracking of race-related information during face perception and altruistic decision-making.
Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Young Adult ; Brain/diagnostic imaging* ; Brain Mapping ; Decision Making/physiology* ; Facial Recognition/physiology* ; Judgment/physiology* ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Photic Stimulation ; Racial Groups ; Social Perception ; East Asian People

Background: Side effects of intra-thecal (IT) morphine in lower caesarean section (LSCS) can be dangerous hence they are co-managed by the anesthesia pain team for a minimum of 24 hours. The aim of this study was to identify the side effects and consider the possibility of earlier discharge from the pain team to the parent team. Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted on 323 patients who received IT morphine for LSCS. An interviewer-centered questionnaire was used to obtain data on the side effects. Results: Side effects were experienced by 80% (n=259) of the patients, and none developed respiratory depression. Side effects occurred in first 6 hours in 94% (n=244) of the patients, 5% (n=13) within 6 to 12 hours and 1% (n=2) within 12 to 24 hours. Pruritus was the most common side effect (88%; n=227) and 93% (n=210) experienced it within the first 6 hours. Nausea and vomiting occurred in 54% (n=139) of the patients with side effects and 70% (n=97) of them experienced them within the first 6 hours. Kruskal-Wallis H test showed that Malays experienced more side effects, χ2(2) = 3.363, p = 0.004. No difference in pain scores was noted between races at 0-6 hours and 12-24 hours. However, Indians had higher scores at 6-12 hours (χ2(1) =4.31, p = 0.031). Conclusion The most common side effect was pruritus, then nausea and vomiting with no respiratory depression. Most occurred in the first 12 hours suggesting possibility of earlier discharge by the pain team to the parent team. However, further research is needed as guidelines suggest 24 hours, fearing respiratory depression. Side effects in Malays and increased pain perception among Indians need exploration.
Caesarean Section ; Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions ; Send to: Racial Groups ; Respiratory Insufficiency

OBJECTIVE: To establish a 15-plex rapid STR multiplex amplification system. METHODS: Fourteen auto-chromosome loci and one sex-chromosome were selected to compare the situations of allelic losses and nonspecific amplication under different conditions. FastStart Taq DNA polymerase and DNA standard sample 9947A were used during amplification and optimization process.15-plex rapid STR amplification system was achieved by performing various experiments including selection of amplification conditions and the volume of DNA polymerase, adjustment of inter-locus balance, optimization of rapid amplification, screening of reaction buffers, selection of reaction volume, and a variety of additives. RESULTS: Using 10 μL rapid PCR system, including 1 ng DNA templates, 0.4 μL polymerase and 10xFastStart high fidelity reaction buffer, a complete and well-balance DNA profile of 15 STR loci for standard genomic DNA was obtained in 32 minutes, without the allele drop-out and non-specific amplicons. Meanwhile, 5% glycerinum, 0.01% gelatin, 0.05% gelatin and 5 mmol/L ammonium sulfate could be used as the reactive additive during the amplification procedure. CONCLUSION The 15-plex rapid STR multiplex amplification system can be used to decrease reaction time and enhance sample throughput.
Alleles ; Chromosome Mapping ; DNA/genetics* ; DNA Fingerprinting/methods* ; Forensic Genetics/methods* ; Humans ; Microsatellite Repeats/genetics* ; Polymerase Chain Reaction/methods* ; Racial Groups/genetics* ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Tandem Repeat Sequences

The polymorphism of vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene may be associated with bone density, osteoporosis and body height. In this review, the authors summarize the association of the four VDR single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) loci FokI, BsmI, ApaI, TaqI with bone density, osteoporosis and body height reported at home and abroad in recent years. And find that though each country's report may be different, its valuable in the field of genetics, clinical endocrinology and metabolism, especially in the research area of body height in forensic medicine.
Body Height/genetics* ; Bone Density/genetics* ; Female ; Forensic Medicine/methods* ; Gene Frequency ; Genotype ; Humans ; Male ; Osteoporosis/genetics* ; Polymerase Chain Reaction/methods* ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Racial Groups/genetics* ; Receptors, Calcitriol/genetics*