From 2011 to 2020, there were 111 213 cases of rabies exposed people recruited from the rabies immunization clinic of a hospital in Beijing. The monthly distribution of patients in each year was not statistically significant (P>0.05). The distribution of patients showed remarkable seasonality, with the exposure peak from May to October. The ratio of male to female was 1∶1.3. The majority of patients were aged 20-29 years old (39.1%) and in-service personnel (56.5%). Level-Ⅱ wounds (84.2%) were more common than level-Ⅲ wounds (14.9%). The number of visits to level-Ⅲwounds increased rapidly since 2017. The most common injured body part was hand (60.7%). Dogs were the most common animal for injuries (60.6%), followed by cats (32.3%), of which most were host animals (75.5%). The vaccination rate from 2016 to 2020 [49.8% (24 276/48 703)] was significantly higher than that from 2011 to 2015[18.6% (6 559/35 272)](χ²=8597.18, P<0.001).
Ambulatory Care Facilities ; Animals ; Bites and Stings/epidemiology* ; Dogs ; Female ; Hospitals ; Humans ; Male ; Rabies/prevention & control* ; Rabies Vaccines/therapeutic use* ; Vaccination

To understand the epidemic situation and factors influencing rabies cases in children in China, we obtained an overview of the current epidemic based on individual data of rabies cases in children and a descriptive analysis was carried on the prevalence and related factors. The results showed that the rabies cases in children accounted for 21.3% of the total number of rabies cases in China, 97.0% of these cases occurred in rural areas, they were mainly caused by dogs (81.5%), and were primarily level III exposure (47.7%). More than half of the cases were not treated with wound care, vaccination rate was extremely low (15.7%), and only 5.9% of cases were injected with antibodies. Furthermore, 25.4% of cases adopted incorrect treatments such as extruding bleed and wound closure, cases vaccinated with 5 injections accounted for only 22.5%. In conclusion, the prevalence of rabies cases in children in China remains a serious concern, the number and immune status of dogs in rural areas, and knowledge of rabies by risk populations should be considered in future rabies prevention and control programs.
Adolescent ; Animals ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; China ; epidemiology ; Dog Diseases ; epidemiology ; prevention & control ; Dogs ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Prevalence ; Rabies ; epidemiology ; prevention & control ; Rabies Vaccines ; therapeutic use

OBJECTIVEThis research was to evaluate the effect of pre- and post-exposure prophylaxis for rabies and to analyze the reasons of invalidation.

METHODSA case-control study was conducted in 132 rabies patients and 73 subjects exposed to homologous rabies in Zhejiang province. All the subjects were investigated face to face by using the same questionnaires at home. Non-conditional logistic regression was used to analyze the effect of measures and the reasons of invalidation.

RESULTS14.4% (19/132) of cases and 93.2% (68/73) of controls had post-exposure, which resulted in an OR (95%CI) of 0.012 (0.004 - 0.035). However, 72.2% (13/18) of cases and 7.7% (5/65) of controls had not finished their post-exposure, and thus had an OR (95%CI) of 15.60 (3.85 - 63.26). Stratified analysis stated that post-exposure prophylaxis was a protective factor, with an OR (95%CI) of 0.01 (0.002 - 0.047). Poor financial condition and poor knowledge of rabies were the causes of non vaccination.

CONCLUSIONPost-exposure prophylaxis could protect the people exposed to rabies well and unfinished post-exposure prophylaxis was the main reason for its invalidation.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Case-Control Studies ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; China ; Female ; Humans ; Immunization ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Post-Exposure Prophylaxis ; Rabies ; prevention & control ; Rabies Vaccines ; therapeutic use ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult