This paper analyzes and summarizes the operational performance of four medical linear accelerators and a heli-cal tomotherapy system(Tomo)at a hospital in Guangzhou.We have used the real-time recorded data from the radiotherapy full-process information management system,MOSAIQ Integration Platform(MIP),over the past five years.The analysis includes assessing the social service capacity and adaptability to social demand of large radiotherapy equipment by examining trends and characteristics in the types and numbers of patients treated by different technical categories of equipment.It also evaluates the e-conomic rationality of various equipment types based on their short-term and medium-to-long-term cost-effectiveness characteristics and trends.Additionally,the paper provides references for the renewal and performance assessment of large radiotherapy equip-ment in hospitals,integrating the development trends of radiotherapy technology,changes in patient needs,and the social and e-conomic benefits of different equipment types.

This paper analyzes and summarizes the operational performance of four medical linear accelerators and a heli-cal tomotherapy system(Tomo)at a hospital in Guangzhou.We have used the real-time recorded data from the radiotherapy full-process information management system,MOSAIQ Integration Platform(MIP),over the past five years.The analysis includes assessing the social service capacity and adaptability to social demand of large radiotherapy equipment by examining trends and characteristics in the types and numbers of patients treated by different technical categories of equipment.It also evaluates the e-conomic rationality of various equipment types based on their short-term and medium-to-long-term cost-effectiveness characteristics and trends.Additionally,the paper provides references for the renewal and performance assessment of large radiotherapy equip-ment in hospitals,integrating the development trends of radiotherapy technology,changes in patient needs,and the social and e-conomic benefits of different equipment types.

Lung cancer is the top cause of cancer deaths globally.Advances in immune checkpoint inhibitors(ICIs)have transformed cancer treatment,but their use in lung cancer has led to more side effects.This study examined if past pulmonary tuberculosis(TB)affects ICIs'effectiveness and safety in lung cancer treatment.We reviewed lung cancer patients treated with ICIs at Beijing Chest Hospital from January 2019 to August 2022.We compared outcomes and side effects between patients with and without prior TB.Of 116 patients(40 with TB history,76 without),prior TB didn't reduce treatment effectiveness but did increase severe side effects.Notably,older patients(≥65 years)faced a higher risk of severe side effects.Detailed cases of two patients with severe side effects underscored TB as a risk factor in lung cancer patients receiving ICIs,stressing the need for careful monitoring and personalized care.

BACKGROUND: In recent years, a number of clinical trials have shown that immunocheckpoint inhibitors (ICI) have brought survival benefits to patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), however, such clinical trials comprise cohorts selected based on strict and complex entry and exclusion criteria, and the results cannot fully reflect the real world situation. The purpose of this study was to investigate the clinical efficacy and safety of immunotherapy in the real world, as well as possible prognostic factors. METHODS: Patients with advanced NSCLC receiving immunotherapy in Beijing Chest Hospital from January 2017 to July 2019 were retrospectively collected, and the following information were collected: curative effect, progression-free surival (PFS) and adverse reactions. The occurrence of adverse reactions and clinical curative effect and prognosis factors that may be relevant were explored. RESULTS: 34 patients were enrolled in this study, median PFS was 5.66 months (95%CI: 4.48-6.84), grade 1-2 and 3-4 incidence of adverse events was 61.71% (22/34) and 14.71% (5/34), there were 3 patients (8.82%) experienced fatal immune related adverse events (irAE), 2 cases were immune associated pneumonia, 1 case was immune related myocarditis. Univariate analysis showed that tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) stage and metastatic site were correlated with median PFS (P<0.05), and multivariate analysis showed that patients with extrapulmonary metastasis (OR=6.42, P=0.029) and pleural metastasis (OR=14.14, P=0.006) had shorter median PFS. CONCLUSIONS In the real world, immunotherapy has good efficacy in patients with advanced NSCLC, but the incidence of severe irAE is also higher. Distant metastasis and pleural metastasis are poor prognostic factors for advanced NSCLC patients receiving immunotherapy.

Objective:To clarify whether IL-10 enhanced the M2 phenotype induced by IL-4.Methods:M-CSF induced bone marrow-derived macrophages ( BMDMs) were generated from C57BL/6J mice bone marrow cells.The RNA transcriptional profile was e-valuated using the Mouse Whole Genome.We performed in vitro eosinophil migration assay and in vivo macrophage transfer.Results:The results showed that IL-10 enhanced gene expression of M2a markers induced by IL-4 in M-CSF-induced BMDMs.Moreover,IL-4 and IL-10 synergistically induced CCL24 ( Eotaxin-2) production.Enhanced CCL24 expression was also observed in GM-CSF-induced BMDMs and zymosan-elicited,thioglycolate-elicited and naive peritoneal macrophages.CCL24 was a CCR3 agonist and an eosinophil chemoattractant.In vitro,IL-4+IL-10-stimulated macrophages produced a large amount of CCL24 and increased eosinophil migration, which was inhibited by anti-CCL24 antibody.IL-4+IL-10-stimulated ( but not IL-4 or IL-10 alone) macrophages transferred into the peritoneumof C57BL/6J mice increased eosinophil infiltration into the peritoneal cavity.Conclusion:These results demonstrate that IL-4+IL-10-simulated macrophages have enhanced M2a macrophage-related gene expression,CCL24 production and eosinophil infiltration-inducing activity,thereby suggesting theircontribution to eosinophil-related diseases.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVESerum tumor markers play important roles in diagnosis, response and prognosis monitoring for lung cancer. The clinical significance of serum level of tissue polypeptide specific antigen (TPS) was investigated in diagnosis, response monitoring and prognosis in patients with lung cancer, compared with carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), precursor of gastrin-releasing peptide (Pro-GRP) and cytokeratin-19-fragments (CYFRA21-1).

METHODSBlood samples of eighty-two patients with lung cancer before treatment and some after chemotherapy were measured by ELISA for four tumor markers.

RESULTSCompared with lung benign diseases group and health control group, the positive rates and levels of TPS, CEA and Pro-GRP in patients with lung cancer were higher, with statistically significant difference. TPS in extensive-small cell lung cancer was significant higher than that in limited-small cell lung cancer. The positive rates and levels of TPS, CEA and Pro-GRP in patients after treatment had significant decreases compared with before treatment. TPS was an independent prognostic factor of non-small cell lung cancer.

CONCLUSIONTPS is valuable to diagnosis, response monitoring for patients with lung cancer, moreover, it maybe a useful factor of prognosis of non-small cell lung cancer.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Antigens, Neoplasm ; blood ; Biomarkers, Tumor ; blood ; Carcinoembryonic Antigen ; blood ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Female ; Humans ; Keratin-19 ; blood ; Lung Neoplasms ; blood ; diagnosis ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Peptides ; blood ; Prognosis ; Protein Precursors ; blood ; ROC Curve

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVEResults of studies on genetic polymorphisms of ERCC1 gene in DNA repair pathway which may affect response to platinum-based chemotherapy and survival in patients with non-small cell lung cancer are conflicting. The aim of this study is to prospectively assess the association between single nucleotide polymorphisms of C8092A and codon118 in ERCC1 and drug response in 90 patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer treated with cisplatin-based chemotherapy.

METHODSAll patients were treated with cisplatin-based chemotherapy. Genotypes of ERCC1 C8092A and codon118 were examined by sequencing, and the association between genotypes and response was evaluated.

RESULTSGenotype frequencies of ERCC1 C8092A were CC 40.0% (36/90), CA 48.9% (44/90) and AA 11.1% (10/90), frequencies of codon118 were CC 58.9% (53/90), CT 34.4% (31/90) and TT 6.7% (6/90). There was no significant difference in response rate of patients carrying with CC, compared with CA plus AA in C8092A (33.3% vs 29.6%, P = 0.71). Response rate of patients carrying with CC in ERCC1 118 was 32.1%, 24.3% with CT plus CC (P = 0.43). There was no difference in progression free survival between patients carrying with CC and CT plus TT in C8092A (5.2 months vs 5.4 months, P = 0.62). There was no difference in progression free survival between patients carrying with CC and CA plus AA (5.5 months vs 5.3 months, P = 0.59).

CONCLUSIONThe results suggest that there is no association between polymorphisms in ERCC1 C8092A and codon118 and response in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer receiving cisplatin-based chemotherapy.

Adult ; Aged ; Antineoplastic Agents ; therapeutic use ; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung ; drug therapy ; genetics ; mortality ; Cisplatin ; therapeutic use ; DNA-Binding Proteins ; genetics ; Disease-Free Survival ; Endonucleases ; genetics ; Female ; Genotype ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; genetics ; mortality ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; genetics ; Prospective Studies

BACKGROUNDTopotecan is one of active agents for relapsed small cell lung can-cer (SCLC), some studies have shown that it is effective against SCLC as the first-line drug. This study is to assess the efficacy, toxicity and survival rate of topotecan plus cisplatin (TP) versus etoposide plus carboplatin (CE) in patients with previously untreated SCLC.

METHODSSixty-four patients with previously untreated SCLC were randomly assigned to receive either TP or CE. Topotecan 0.75 mg/(m²×d) via a 30-min intravenous infusion on days 1 to 5 and cisplatin 25 mg/(m²×d) on days 1 to 3 with hydration were given to patients in TP group. Carboplatin 300 mg/m² on day 1 and etoposide 100 mg/d on days 1 to 5 were given to patients in CE group. Treatment was repeated every 21 days. Responses and toxicities were evaluated in patients who received two cycles of chemotherapy. Patients with limited disease SCLC received thoracic irradiation or operation after the completion of chemotherapy.

RESULTSOverall response rate was 75.0% in TP group and 68.8% in CE group. The median survival time was 10.5 months in TP group and 9.6 months in CE group. 1-, 2- and 3-year survival rate were 40.6%, 18.8% and 9.4% in TP group and 34.4%, 15.6% and 9.4% in CE group respectively. There were no significant differences in response rate, median survival time and survival rate between two groups (P > 0.05). Myelosuppression, nausea and vomiting, and alopecia were the most common toxicities, there was no significant difference in grade III and IV toxicities between two groups (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSTP has similar response rate and survivals with CE, and its toxicities are acceptable. TP regimen is an effective first-line treatment for SCLC.

BACKGROUNDTo evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of combined chemotherapy of domestic paclitaxel and vinorelbine plus cisplatin and carboplatin in the treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

METHODSA total of 181 initially treated patients with advanced NSCLC were enrolled in this study and treated by NP (vinorelbine plus cisplatin), TC (domestic paclitaxel plus carboplatin) and TP (domestic paclitaxel plus cisplatin). The efficacy and side effects were analysed after at least two cycles of chemotherapy.

RESULTSThe overall response rates (CR+PR) were 42.4% in the NP arm, 40.3% in the TC arm and 43.3% in the TP arm respectively. No significant statistical difference was found among the three groups ( Chi-square= 0.108 6 , P > 0.05). The median survival times were 8.4 months, 9.4 months and 8.9 months respectively in the NP, TC and TP groups ( P > 0.05). The 1-, 2-, 3-year survival rates were 39.0%, 16.9%, 5.1% in the NP group and 41.9%, 21.0%, 6.5% in the TC group and 40.0%, 18.3%, 5.0% in the TP group respectively. No significant statistical difference was found among the three groups ( Chi-square=0.140 4, P > 0.05). The major side effects were myelosuppression, alopecia and nausea/vomiting in the three groups. There were no chemotherapy-related death among the three groups.

CONCLUSIONSThe combined regimens of NP, TC and TP are effective and well-tolerated regimens for advanced NSCLC.