Objective: To investigate the efficacy and safety of a new cervical artificial disc prosthesis in the treatment of cervical degenerative diseases. Methods: The clinical data of 18 patients with single-level cervical degenerative diseases who underwent three dimensional printed anatomical bionic cervical disc replacement at Department of Spinal Surgery,Honghui Hospital,Xi'an Jiaotong University from May 2019 to July 2020 were analyzed retrospectively. There were 7 males and 11 females,aged (45±8) years old(range:28 to 58 years).The surgical segment was located at C_3－4 level in 2 cases, C_4－5 level in 5 cases, C_5－6 level in 9 cases, and C_6－7 level in 2 cases.The clinical and radiographic outcomes were recorded and compared at preoperative,postoperative times of one month and twelve months.The clinical assessments contained Japanese orthopedic association (JOA) score,neck disability index (NDI) and visual analogue scale (VAS).Imaging assessments included range of motion (ROM) of cervical spine, prosthesis subsidence and prosthesis anteroposterior migration.Repeated measurement variance analysis was used for comparison between groups,and paired t test was used for pairwise comparison. Results: All patients underwent the operation successfully and were followed up for more than 12 months.Compared with preoperative score,the JOA score,NDI and VAS were significantly improved after surgery (all P<0.01).There was no significant difference in postoperative ROM compared with 1-and 12-month preoperative ROM (t=1.570,P=0.135;t=1.744,P=0.099). The prosthesis subsidence was (0.29±0.13) mm (range: 0.18 to 0.50 mm) at 12-month postoperatively.The migration of prosthesis at 12-months postoperatively were (0.71±0.20) mm (range: 0.44 to 1.08 mm).There was no prosthesis subsidence or migration>2 mm at 12-month postoperatively. Conclusion: Three dimensional printed anatomical biomimetic cervical artificial disc replacement has a good early clinical effect in the treatment of cervical degenerative diseases, good mobility can be obtained while maintaining stability.
Adult ; Biomimetics ; Cervical Vertebrae/surgery* ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Intervertebral Disc/surgery* ; Intervertebral Disc Degeneration/surgery* ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Range of Motion, Articular ; Retrospective Studies ; Total Disc Replacement/methods* ; Treatment Outcome

BACKGROUND: Shenyankangfu Tablet (SYKFT) is a Chinese patent medicine that has been used widely to decrease proteinuria and the progression of chronic kidney disease. OBJECTIVE: This trial compared the efficacy and safety of SYKFT, for the control of proteinuria in primary glomerulonephritis patients, against the standard drug, losartan potassium. DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS AND INTERVENTION: This was a multicenter, double-blind, randomized, controlled clinical trial. Primary glomerulonephritis patients, aged 18-70 years, with blood pressure ≤ 140/90 mmHg, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) ≥ 45 mL/min per 1.73 m MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The primary outcome was change in the 24-hour proteinuria level, after 48 weeks of treatment. RESULTS: A total of 735 participants were enrolled. The percent decline of urine protein quantification in the SYKFT group after 48 weeks was 8.78% ± 2.56% (P = 0.006) more than that in the losartan 50 mg group, which was 0.51% ± 2.54% (P = 1.000) less than that in the losartan 100 mg group. Compared with the losartan potassium 50 mg group, the SYKFT plus losartan potassium 50 mg group had a 13.39% ± 2.49% (P < 0.001) greater reduction in urine protein level. Compared with the losartan potassium 100 mg group, the SYKFT plus losartan potassium 100 mg group had a 9.77% ± 2.52% (P = 0.001) greater reduction in urine protein. With a superiority threshold of 15%, neither was statistically significant. eGFR, serum creatinine and serum albumin from the baseline did not change statistically significant. The average change in TCM syndrome score between the patients who took SYKFT (-3.00 [-6.00, -2.00]) and who did not take SYKFT (-2.00 [-5.00, 0]) was statistically significant (P = 0.003). No obvious adverse reactions were observed in any group. CONCLUSION: SYKFT decreased the proteinuria and improved the TCM syndrome scores of primary glomerulonephritis patients, with no change in the rate of decrease in the eGFR. SYKFT plus losartan potassium therapy decreased proteinuria more than losartan potassium therapy alone. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT02063100 on ClinicalTrials.gov.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the current status of antibiotic use for very and extremely low birth weight (VLBW/ELBW) infants in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) of Hunan Province. METHODS: The use of antibiotics was investigated in multiple level 3 NICUs of Hunan Province for VLBW and ELBW infants born between January, 2017 and December, 2017. RESULTS: The clinical data of 1 442 VLBW/ELBW infants were collected from 24 NICUs in 2017. The median antibiotic use duration was 17 days (range: 0-86 days), accounting for 53.0% of the total length of hospital stay. The highest duration of antibiotic use was up to 91.4% of the total length of hospital stay, with the lowest at 14.6%. In 16 out of 24 NICUs, the antibiotic use duration was accounted for more than 50.0% of the hospitalization days. There were 113 cases with positive bacterial culture grown in blood or cerebrospinal fluid, making the positive rate of overall bacterial culture as 7.84%. The positive rate of bacterial culture in different NICUs was significantly different from 0% to 14.9%. The common isolated bacterial pathogens Klebsiella pneumoniae was 29 cases (25.7%); Escherichia coli 12 cases (10.6%); Staphylococcus aureus 3 cases (2.7%). The most commonly used antibiotics were third-generation of cephalosporins, accounting for 41.00% of the total antibiotics, followed by penicillins, accounting for 32.10%, and followed by carbapenems, accounting for 13.15%. The proportion of antibiotic use time was negatively correlated with birth weight Z-score and the change in weight Z-score between birth and hospital discharge (r=-0.095, -0.151 respectively, P<0.01), positively correlated with death/withdrawal of care (r=0.196, P<0.01). CONCLUSIONS Antibiotics used for VLBW/ELBW infants in NICUs of Hunan Province are obviously prolonged in many NICUs. The proportion of routine use of third-generation of cephalosporins and carbapenems antibiotics is high among the NICUs.
Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Birth Weight ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Extremely Low Birth Weight ; Infant, Newborn ; Intensive Care Units, Neonatal ; Surveys and Questionnaires

Background: Nickel-induced allergic contact dermatitis (Ni-ACD) is a global health problem. More detailed knowledge on the skin uptake of haptens is required. This study aimed to investigate the penetration process and distribution of nickel in skin tissues with late phase and early phase of Ni-ACD to understand the mechanisms of metal allergy. Methods: Forty Hartley guinea pigs were divided into four groups according to the NiSO₄ sensitizing concentration and the NiSO₄ challenged concentration: the 5% NiSO₄-group, 5% to 10% (sensitization-challenge; late phase group); 10% NiSO₄-group, 10% to 10% (sensitization-challenge; early-phase group); and the positive and negative controls. Pathological biopsies were performed on each group. The depth profile of nickel element concentration in the skin of guinea pigs was detected by synchrotron radiation micro X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (SR-μ-XRF) and micro X-ray absorption near-edge spectroscopy (μ-XANES). Results: In each section, the nickel element concentration in both the 5% NiSO₄-group and 10% NiSO₄-group was significantly higher than that in the negative control group. In the upper 300-μm section of skin for the early phase group, the nickel element concentration was significantly higher than that in the lower section of skin. In deeper sections (<200 μm) of skin, the concentration of nickel in the early phase group was approximately equal to that in the late phase group. The curve of the late phase group was flat, which means that the nickel element concentration was distributed uniformly by SR-μ-XRF. According to the XANES data for the 10% NiSO₄ metal salt solution, structural changes occurred in the skin model sample, indicating that nickel was not present in the Ni²⁺ aqueous ionic state but in the nickel-binding protein. Conclusions This study showed that the distribution of the nickel element concentration in ACD skin tissue was different between the early phase and late phase groups. The nickel element was not present in the Ni²⁺ aqueous ionic state but bound with certain proteins to form a complex in the stratum corneum in ACD model tissue.

Traditional Chinese medicine industry is China's strategic emerging industry with great potential for self-innovation. Traditional Chinese medicine industry has successively experienced four stages which are the foundation (laying stage), the core status (establishing stage), the modern system (exploring stage), and the modernization system (constructing stage). Throughout the evolution of the self-innovation in traditional Chinese medicine industry, it presents distinct characteristics which we can explore the beneficial enlightenment.
Drug Industry ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional

H5 subtype avian influenza (AIV-H5) is a major causative agent of animalloimia a rapid and sensitive molecular biological diagnosis is crucial to the control program of AIV-H5. AIV-H5 real-time fluorescent reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (qRT-LAMP) was established by means of heat treatment of the samples. The sensitivity, specificity and repeatability of this method were assessed and the performance of Calcein,SYBR Green I,HNB,SYTO 81 in colorimetric detection was comparatively analyzed to screen the optimum dye. The results showed the sensitivity of this method was 100 times higher than that of standard real-time fluorescent RT-PCR, and the detection limit was one copy of the gene per reaction. This method had no cross-reactivity with other common avian respiratory tract infectious disease-related pathogens such as IBV and NDV. The present study suggested Calcein was the optimum dye. Small-scale tests suggested this method was reliable for survey monitoring of AIV-H5 on the spot, indicating its potential applications in field investigation.
Animals ; Chickens ; Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus ; genetics ; Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Influenza in Birds ; diagnosis ; virology ; Poultry Diseases ; diagnosis ; virology ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; instrumentation ; methods ; Sensitivity and Specificity

Objective To investigate the effects of glutamine on intestinal functions of dogs following abdominal open injury coupled with seawater immersion.Methods Following open abdominal injury,30 adult dogs were randomly divided into 3 groups:the seawater immersion group(the control group),the routine treatment group(the conventional group)and the glutamine treatment group(the observation group),each consisting of 10 animals.Blood pressure,heart rate,respiration,abdominal circumference,bowel sound were monitored both before and after injury.Blood samples were collected for the detection of endotoxin,D-lactate,diamine oxidase(DAO),tumor necrosis factor alpha(TNF-a),interleukin-1(IL-1 and lactulose/mannitol(L/M)ratio.After 24 hours,small intestine tissues were taken for pathological detection and measurement of intestinal mucosal thickness and villous height.Results When compared with the conventional group,no statistically significant differences could be seen in mean artery pressure(MAP),heart rate,respiration,bowel sound and abdominal circumference for the observation group(P＞0.05).When compared with the conventional group and the observation group,significant differences could be noted in MAP and bowel sound for the control group(P＜0.05).And statistical significance could also be noted for heart rate,respiration and abdominal circumference at hours 12 and 24 respectively following injury(P＞0.05).Endotoxin:when compared with the conventional and observation groups,statistical significance could also be noted in endotoxin for the control group at hours 12 and 24 following injury(P＞0.05),and statistical significance could also be noticed for the observation group at hour 24,when compared with the control and conventional groups(P＞0.05).D-lactate:there were statistically significant differences for the conventional group,when comparisons were made between the 3 groups at hour 12 following injury(P＜0.05),however,no statistical significance could be noted between the observation group and the control group(P＞0.05).Statistical significance was observed for the conventional group,when compared with the control and observation groups(P＜0.05).And no statistical significance was noted,when a comparison was made between the observation and control groups(P＜0.05).DAO:when compared with the control and conventional groups,statistical significance could be noted for the observation group at hours 8 and 24 respectively following injury(P＜0.05).TNF-α:when compared with observation and conventional groups,there was statistical significance for the observation group at hours 12 and 24 respectively following injury(P＜0.05).IL-1:when compared with the control[(7.40±2.71)ng/L]and the conventional groups[(8.71±3.13)ng/L],statistical significance could be observed for the observation group at hour 12 following injury(P＜0.05),however no statistical significance could be noted,when a comparison was made between the observation and control groups.At hour 24 following injury,when compared with the control[(9.91±3.18)ng/L]and conventional groups[(10.12±2.25)ng/L],statistical significance could be noticed for the observation group(P＜0.05).Urine L/M ratio:statistical significance would be noticed for the observation group,when compared with the control and conventional groups(P＜0.05).Pathological results:only mild edema could be seen in the intestinal mucosal cells of the animals in the observation group under optical microscope,which was obviously lighter,when compared with the observation and control groups.And there were statistical differences in intestinal mucosal thickness and villous height,when compared with the conventional group(P＜0.05),however,no statistical differences could be noted,when a comparison was made between the control and conventional groups(P＞0.05).Conclusions Glutamine seems to have definitive therapeutic effects on intestinal dysfunction induced by abdominal injury coupled with seawater immersion.

Objective To investigate the effects of glutamine on intestinal functions of dogs following abdominal open injury coupled with seawater immersion.Methods Following open abdominal injury,30 adult dogs were randomly divided into 3 groups:the seawater immersion group(the control group),the routine treatment group(the conventional group)and the glutamine treatment group(the observation group),each consisting of 10 animals.Blood pressure,heart rate,respiration,abdominal circumference,bowel sound were monitored both before and after injury.Blood samples were collected for the detection of endotoxin,D-lactate,diamine oxidase(DAO),tumor necrosis factor alpha(TNF-a),interleukin-1(IL-1 and lactulose/mannitol(L/M)ratio.After 24 hours,small intestine tissues were taken for pathological detection and measurement of intestinal mucosal thickness and villous height.Results When compared with the conventional group,no statistically significant differences could be seen in mean artery pressure(MAP),heart rate,respiration,bowel sound and abdominal circumference for the observation group(P＞0.05).When compared with the conventional group and the observation group,significant differences could be noted in MAP and bowel sound for the control group(P＜0.05).And statistical significance could also be noted for heart rate,respiration and abdominal circumference at hours 12 and 24 respectively following injury(P＞0.05).Endotoxin:when compared with the conventional and observation groups,statistical significance could also be noted in endotoxin for the control group at hours 12 and 24 following injury(P＞0.05),and statistical significance could also be noticed for the observation group at hour 24,when compared with the control and conventional groups(P＞0.05).D-lactate:there were statistically significant differences for the conventional group,when comparisons were made between the 3 groups at hour 12 following injury(P＜0.05),however,no statistical significance could be noted between the observation group and the control group(P＞0.05).Statistical significance was observed for the conventional group,when compared with the control and observation groups(P＜0.05).And no statistical significance was noted,when a comparison was made between the observation and control groups(P＜0.05).DAO:when compared with the control and conventional groups,statistical significance could be noted for the observation group at hours 8 and 24 respectively following injury(P＜0.05).TNF-α:when compared with observation and conventional groups,there was statistical significance for the observation group at hours 12 and 24 respectively following injury(P＜0.05).IL-1:when compared with the control[(7.40±2.71)ng/L]and the conventional groups[(8.71±3.13)ng/L],statistical significance could be observed for the observation group at hour 12 following injury(P＜0.05),however no statistical significance could be noted,when a comparison was made between the observation and control groups.At hour 24 following injury,when compared with the control[(9.91±3.18)ng/L]and conventional groups[(10.12±2.25)ng/L],statistical significance could be noticed for the observation group(P＜0.05).Urine L/M ratio:statistical significance would be noticed for the observation group,when compared with the control and conventional groups(P＜0.05).Pathological results:only mild edema could be seen in the intestinal mucosal cells of the animals in the observation group under optical microscope,which was obviously lighter,when compared with the observation and control groups.And there were statistical differences in intestinal mucosal thickness and villous height,when compared with the conventional group(P＜0.05),however,no statistical differences could be noted,when a comparison was made between the control and conventional groups(P＞0.05).Conclusions Glutamine seems to have definitive therapeutic effects on intestinal dysfunction induced by abdominal injury coupled with seawater immersion.

This study was to investigate the antiviral effects of a hot water soluble extract S-03 isolated from Isatis indigotica root on different subtypes of influenza A and B viruses in MDCK cell cultures, using plaque reduction, immunofluorescence and hemo-agglutination inhibition (HAD) assays. Chemical analysis of the extract S-03 showed that it contained high proportion of polysaccharides. The antiviral effects in vitro showed that the S-03 had no effect on different influenza viruses if the drug was used before virus adsorption, but S-03 showed obvious activities against influenza viruses if treatment after virus adsorption or direct reaction of drug and virus before virus adsorption. Hemagglutination inhibition assay showed that S-03 inhibited HA activities of different human influenza viruses (inhibition concentration ranged from 3.12 to 25 mg/mL), avain influenza viruses (inhibition concentration ranged from 25 to 50 mg/mL). The antiviral effects of S-03 on different influenza A and B viruses in vitro might be through the inhibition of the HA to prevent infection.
Animals ; Cells, Cultured ; Dogs ; Fluorescent Antibody Technique ; Hemagglutination Inhibition Tests ; Influenza A virus ; drug effects ; Influenza B virus ; drug effects ; Isatis ; chemistry ; Plant Extracts ; pharmacology ; Plant Roots

OBJECTIVETo study the application of cluster analysis in micrangium detection in malignant nasal and paranasal sinus tumor.

METHODSMicrovessel density (MVD) counting and cluster analysis were used to detect the micrangium in patients with malignant nasal and paranasal sinus tumor to assess the association between the malignancy and MVD.

RESULTSAccording to cluster analysis, the MVD counting could be clustered into two groups, and the MVD showed significant differences between the tumor tissues, adjacent normal tissue and the control group (P<0.01), a result consistent with that by analysis of variance of the MVD.

CONCLUSIONCluster analysis can be used in clustering of MVD counting in malignant nasal and paranasal sinus tumor to simplify MVD counting, and offers an important analytic method for micrangium analysis in tumors.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Cluster Analysis ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Microvessels ; Middle Aged ; Neovascularization, Pathologic ; pathology ; Paranasal Sinus Neoplasms ; blood supply ; diagnosis ; Young Adult