OBJECTIVE:A great deal of evidence indicates that regular exercise can improve the health status of elderly individuals,including reducing overall and abdominal fat levels,increasing muscle mass and bone mineral density of the limbs,thereby preventing or delaying the onset of sarcopenia and its comorbidities.This study aims to determine the most reliable type,duration,and intensity of exercise interventions through meta-analysis to prevent,delay,and alleviate sarcopenia and its comorbidities in elderly individuals.METHODS:Randomized controlled trials examining the effects of exercise interventions on elderly individuals with sarcopenia and its comorbidities were searched in the PubMed,Embase,Web of Science,Cochrane Library,CNKI,and WanFang databases.The Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool was used to assess the quality of the included studies,and RevMan 5.3 software was employed for meta-analysis.Subgroup analyses were conducted to explore the effects of different exercise intervention protocols on various outcome measures.In addition,Stata 16.0 software was used to perform sensitivity analysis to assess the stability of the results,and funnel plots and Egger's test were employed to evaluate publication bias,ensuring the comprehensiveness and reliability of the results.RESULTS:(1)Sixteen studies involving 861 patients with sarcopenia and its comorbidities were included.(2)The meta-analysis results indicated that,compared with the control group,exercise significantly improved grip strength,knee muscle strength,appendicular skeletal muscle mass,skeletal muscle index,Timed Up and Go test results,gait speed,and insulin-like growth factor 1 levels(P＜0.05).However,the effect of exercise intervention on the sit-to-stand test was not significantly improved(P＞0.05).(3)Based on the results of subgroup analysis,it is recommended that elderly patients with sarcopenia and its comorbidities engage in exercise at least three times per week,with each session lasting no more than 30 minutes or exceeding 45 minutes,for at least 12 weeks.The exercise protocol should be flexibly adjusted according to the patient's health status and individual needs.CONCLUSION:Exercise interventions significantly improve muscle mass,muscle strength,physical function,and insulin-like growth factor 1 levels in elderly individuals with sarcopenia and its comorbidities,thereby enhancing their quality of life.However,further research is needed to validate these findings and optimize specific intervention protocols.

OBJECTIVE:A great deal of evidence indicates that regular exercise can improve the health status of elderly individuals,including reducing overall and abdominal fat levels,increasing muscle mass and bone mineral density of the limbs,thereby preventing or delaying the onset of sarcopenia and its comorbidities.This study aims to determine the most reliable type,duration,and intensity of exercise interventions through meta-analysis to prevent,delay,and alleviate sarcopenia and its comorbidities in elderly individuals.METHODS:Randomized controlled trials examining the effects of exercise interventions on elderly individuals with sarcopenia and its comorbidities were searched in the PubMed,Embase,Web of Science,Cochrane Library,CNKI,and WanFang databases.The Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool was used to assess the quality of the included studies,and RevMan 5.3 software was employed for meta-analysis.Subgroup analyses were conducted to explore the effects of different exercise intervention protocols on various outcome measures.In addition,Stata 16.0 software was used to perform sensitivity analysis to assess the stability of the results,and funnel plots and Egger's test were employed to evaluate publication bias,ensuring the comprehensiveness and reliability of the results.RESULTS:(1)Sixteen studies involving 861 patients with sarcopenia and its comorbidities were included.(2)The meta-analysis results indicated that,compared with the control group,exercise significantly improved grip strength,knee muscle strength,appendicular skeletal muscle mass,skeletal muscle index,Timed Up and Go test results,gait speed,and insulin-like growth factor 1 levels(P＜0.05).However,the effect of exercise intervention on the sit-to-stand test was not significantly improved(P＞0.05).(3)Based on the results of subgroup analysis,it is recommended that elderly patients with sarcopenia and its comorbidities engage in exercise at least three times per week,with each session lasting no more than 30 minutes or exceeding 45 minutes,for at least 12 weeks.The exercise protocol should be flexibly adjusted according to the patient's health status and individual needs.CONCLUSION:Exercise interventions significantly improve muscle mass,muscle strength,physical function,and insulin-like growth factor 1 levels in elderly individuals with sarcopenia and its comorbidities,thereby enhancing their quality of life.However,further research is needed to validate these findings and optimize specific intervention protocols.

With the rising incidence of colon cancer, several studies have indicated that aquaporin 1 (AQP1) expression is associated with the development of colon cancer. This study aims to elucidate the potential molecular mechanisms between them. Methods: We screened data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database and retrospectively examined AQP1 protein expression in 127 colon cancer patients to analyze the relationship between AQP1 expression and pathological stages, prognosis. We created stable colon cancer cell lines with differential AQP1 expression, the effect of AQP1 expression on the proliferation and migration of colon cancer cells was assessed by in vitro and in vivo studies, and explored potential molecular mechanisms through Western blotting. Results: High AQP1 expression was associated with poorer survival (overall survival [OS], p = .028) in colon cancer patients from the TCGA database. Similarly, retrospective clinical data indicated that high AQP1 expression was associated with reduced disease-free survival and OS (p = .036 and p = .017, respectively). The low-expressing AQP1 colon cancer cells exhibited a decrease in proliferation and migration ability of colon cancer cells compared to the overexpressing AQP1 group (p < .05) in vitro and in vivo. Immunohistochemistry and western blotting experiments validated heightened expression of N-cadherin, vimentin, and claudin- 1 in the tumor tissues of the overexpressing AQP1 group. Conversely, reduced AQP1 expression resulted in decreased expression of claudin- 1. Conclusions: AQP1 correlates with unfavorable prognosis in colon cancer and potentially enhances the proliferation and migration of colon cancer by up-regulating claudin-1 expression.

Objectives: . This study aimed to investigate the regulatory functions of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)ergic neural circuits from the inferior colliculus (IC) to the medial geniculate body (MGB) in salicylate-induced tinnitus. Methods: . Mice were treated with salicylate to induce tinnitus, and tinnitus-like behaviors were evaluated via gap prepulse inhibition of acoustic startle. Using combined viral tracing methodologies, we identified and mapped the pathways and connections from the IC to the MGB. Furthermore, we employed Gq-coupled human M3 designer receptors exclusively activated by designer drugs (DREADDs) and Gi-coupled human M4 DREADDs to achieve targeted excitation or suppression of GABAergic neurons in the IC and MGB. Following the administration of clozapine N-oxide, which binds to these receptors, we modulated these neural circuits to assess their impact on tinnitus severity in a mouse model. Results: . Our findings demonstrated that mice exposed to salicylate exhibited tinnitus-like behaviors. GABAergic neurons projecting retrogradely from the MGB to the IC were primarily concentrated in the external nucleus of the IC. After clozapine N-oxide administration, chemogenetic activation of IC-MGB GABAergic neurons aggravated salicylate-induced tinnitus. Additionally, activation of GABAergic neurons between the IC and MGB induced the perception of tinnitus even without salicylate. However, chemogenetic inhibition of the IC-MGB GABAergic circuit did not reverse salicylate-induced tinnitus. Conclusion . These findings suggest that activation of the IC-MGB GABAergic neural circuit may contribute to tinnitus generation through a mechanism distinct from that of salicylate-induced tinnitus. This study provides novel insights into the mechanisms underlying tinnitus.

Objective To explore the efficacy and safety of blue laser vaporization in the treatment of large-volume (＞80 mL) benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 149 BPH patients with prostate volume＞80 mL who underwent blue laser vaporization at our hospital during Aug. 2023 and Aug. 2025. The 1-month postoperative maximum urinary flow rate (Qmax) and international prostate symptom score (IPSS), operation time, postoperative hemoglobin drop, bladder irrigation volume, catheter indwelling time, and incidence of postoperative complications were recorded and analyzed. Results All operations were successfully completed, without conversion to other approaches. The operation time was (41.47±11.05) minutes, postoperative hemoglobin drop (2.78±1.19) g/L, bladder irrigation volume (9.97±1.49) bags, and catheter indwelling time (3.30±1.85) days. One month after surgery, the Qmax was significantly higher than the preoperative value [(20.19±3.39) mL/s vs. (2.39±2.17) mL/s], while the IPSS was significantly lower [(4.46±0.87) vs. (27.69±2.06)], with statistically significant differences (P＜0.001). Postoperative complications included 1 case of incontinence (0.67%), 2 cases of urethral stricture/bladder neck contracture (1.34%), and 1 case of secondary bleeding (0.67%), all of which improved with symptomatic treatment. Conclusion Blue laser vaporization is effective for treating large-volume BPH, with advantages such as minimal bleeding risk, short operation time, fast recovery and safety.

Objective: To analyze the serological phenotypes and molecular genetic characteristics of a proband with ABO forward and reverse typing discrepancy and their family members, and to investigate the molecular genetic mechanism underlying the Ael/AelB phenotype caused by the c. 575T>C variant on an ABO A1.02 background. Methods: Serological testing and adsorption-elution assays were performed for blood group identification of the proband and family members. PCR-SBT, cloning sequencing, and Nanopore third-generation sequencing were used to analyze ABO gene variants and haplotypes. Phyre2 and PyMOL were used to predict the effect of the p. Ile192Thr variant on the structure of glycosyltransferase A (GTA), and plasma GTA activity was evaluated using an in vitro transferase assay. Results: Among thirteen family members, four members showed a serological phenotype consistent with the Ael subtype and one with the AelB subtype. Cloning sequencing and third-generation sequencing confirmed that five family members carried the ABO A1.02 (c. 575T>C) variant, which co-segregated with the weak A phenotype in the family. Structural modeling suggested that p. Ile192Thr may alter the local spatial conformation and hydrogen-bond interactions of GTA. Plasma GTA activity testing showed markedly reduced GTA activity in the tested individuals. Conclusion: The ABO A1.02 (c. 575T>C) variant is associated with the Ael/AelB phenotype. The p. Ile192Thr substitution may weaken A antigen expression by altering GTA conformation and reducing enzymatic activity. This study provides additional evidence for the role of this variant in the Ael/AelB phenotype from the perspectives of familial inheritance, full-length haplotype analysis, and functional assessment, which is important for accurate ABO subtype identification and individualized transfusion strategies.

Objective To introduce the calculation of the DISO index in multi-dimensional data ranking for disease surveillance, and evaluate its applicability. Methods Using the data from the quality supervision and inspection of infectious disease reporting in Jingzhou City in a certain year as an example, the DISO index was used to rank 16 investigated medical institutions and compared with the TOPSIS method. The consistency between the two evaluation results was analyzed using Spearman correlation. Then, The DISO index from different medical institutions was used to evaluate the ranking of 8 counties (cities, districts). The evaluation indicators for the supervision and inspection included six items: report rate, timely report rate, completeness of report card filling, accuracy of report card filling, consistency rate with network information report, and completeness of valid ID number filling. Results Among the 16 medical institutions, 8 institutions had all six evaluation indicators at 100%. Using the two methods to rank the 16 medical institutions, the two methods showed that the 8 medical institutions with all six evaluation indicators at 100% were ranked first. There was a strong correlation between the rankings of the 16 medical institutions using the two methods (r_s=0.992, P=0.000). The three counties (cities, districts) with all six evaluation indicators at 100% were all ranked first, while country G was ranked seventh and country E was ranked eighth. Conclusion The results of the DISO index and the TOPSIS method were similar in one-dimensional ranking. DISO can be used for multi-dimensional ranking of disease surveillance data and deserves to be promoted and applied.

China is currently in an accelerated stage of population aging, and brain diseases pose a significant threat to the health of the elderly. " Preventing brain aging and maintaining brain health" has become a high-level goal of healthy aging. During the process of aging, the physiological and psychological states of elderly people change, making them prone to nervousness and exhaustion, which can disturb the brain spirit, damage the brain collaterals, and severely endanger brain health. Starting from the holistic view of cultivating both body and spirit in traditional Chinese medicine, based on the physical and mental characteristics of the elderly, this paper applies the concept and method of " relaxation and tranquility" in the protection of elderly brain health, focusing on maintaining relaxation and tranquility in both physical and mental aspects. Specific measures include emphasizing subjective consciousness, relaxing the heart and calming down; utilizing the daoyin method, relaxing the body and calming down, combining relaxation and tranquility, cultivating both body and spirit to prevent diseases and protect the brain, which enables the elderly to have a healthy mind and body, a sense of happiness and fulfillment, and to age gracefully. Simultaneously, advocating for tranquility is also called " respect" for relaxation, following nature to understand constant changes, and improving one′s ability to think positively in old age, in order to expand ideas for the protection of elderly brain health.

ObjectiveTo investigate the influence of histone deacetylase 3 (HDAC3) on the occurrence, development of psoriasis-like inflammation in mice, and the relative immune mechanisms. MethodsHealthy C57BL/6 mice aged 6-8 weeks were selected and randomly divided into 3 groups: control group (Control), psoriasis model group (IMQ), and HDAC3 inhibitor RGFP966-treated psoriasis model group (IMQ+RGFP966). One day prior to the experiment, the back hair of the mice was shaved. After a one-day stabilization period, the mice in Control group was treated with an equal amount of vaseline, while the mice in IMQ group was treated with imiquimod (62.5 mg/d) applied topically on the back to establish a psoriasis-like inflammation model. The mice in IMQ+RGFP966 group received intervention with a high dose of the HDAC3-selective inhibitor RGFP966 (30 mg/kg) based on the psoriasis-like model. All groups were treated continuously for 5 d, during which psoriasis-like inflammation symptoms (scaling, erythema, skin thickness), body weight, and mental status were observed and recorded, with photographs taken for documentation. After euthanasia, hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining was used to assess the effect of RGFP966 on the skin tissue structure of the mice, and skin thickness was measured. The mRNA and protein expression levels of HDAC3 in skin tissues were detected using reverse transcription real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and Western blot (WB), respectively. Flow cytometry was employed to analyze neutrophils in peripheral blood and lymph nodes, CD4⁺ T lymphocytes, CD8⁺ T lymphocytes in peripheral blood, and IL-17A secretion by peripheral blood CD4⁺ T lymphocytes. Additionally, spleen CD4⁺ T lymphocyte expression of HDAC3, CCR6, CCR8, and IL-17A secretion levels were analyzed. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the localization and expression levels of HDAC3, IL-17A, and IL-10 in skin tissues. ResultsCompared with the Control group, the IMQ group exhibited significant psoriasis-like inflammation, characterized by erythema, scaling, and skin wrinkling. Compared with the IMQ group, RGFP966 exacerbated psoriasis-like inflammatory symptoms, leading to increased hyperkeratosis. The psoriasis area and severity index (PASI) skin symptom scores were higher in the IMQ group than those in the Control group, and the scores were further elevated in the IMQ+RGFP966 group compared to the IMQ group. Skin thickness measurements showed a trend of IMQ+RGFP966>IMQ>Control. The numbers of neutrophils in the blood and lymph nodes increased sequentially in the Control, IMQ, and IMQ+RGFP966 groups, with a similar trend observed for CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ T lymphocytes in the blood. In skin tissues, compared with the Control group, the mRNA and protein levels of HDAC3 decreased in the IMQ group, but RGFP966 did not further reduce these expressions. HDAC3 was primarily located in the nucleus. Compared with the Control group, the nuclear HDAC3 content decreased in the skin tissues of the IMQ group, and RGFP966 further reduced nuclear HDAC3. Compared with the Control and IMQ groups, RGFP966 treatment decreased HDAC3 expression in splenic CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ T cells. RGFP966 treatment increased the expression of CCR6 and CCR8 in splenic CD4⁺ T cells and enhanced IL-17A secretion by peripheral blood and splenic CD4⁺ T lymphocytes. Additionally, compared with the IMQ group, RGFP966 reduced IL-10 protein levels and upregulated IL-17A expression in skin tissues. ConclusionRGFP966 exacerbates psoriatic-like inflammatory responses by inhibiting HDAC3, increasing the secretion of the cytokine IL-17A, and upregulating the expression of chemokines CCR8 and CCR6.

Objective: To investigate the safety and feasibility of transurethral blue laser vaporization of the prostate (BVP) under intravenous anesthesia without intubation. Methods: Clinical data of 30 benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) (prostate volume <40 mL) patients undergoing BVP under intravenous anesthesia without intubation in our hospital during Jul.and Nov.2024 were retrospectively analyzed.Preoperative and 1-month postoperative international prostate symptom score (IPSS), quality of life score (QoL), maximum urinary flow rate (Qmax), and postvoid residual volume (PVR) were compared.The operation time, cumulative blue laser activation time, recovery time, postoperative bladder irrigation time, postoperative catheter indwelling time, postoperative 2-hour visual analog scale (VAS) score and incidence of surgical and anesthetic complications were recorded. Results: All 30 patients successfully completed BVP under intravenous anesthesia without intubation.The operation time was (12.5±5.0) min, cumulative laser activation time (9.8±4.1) min, recovery time (6.8±1.2) min, postoperative bladder irrigation time (11.0±4.6) h, postoperative catheter indwelling time (2.7±1.1) days and postoperative 2-hour VAS score was (3.0±1.3).No cases required conversion to intubated general anesthesia, and no severe perioperative surgical or anesthetic complications occurred.Significant improvements in IPSS, QoL, Qmax, and PVR were observed 1 month postoperatively (P＜0.001). Conclusion: BVP under intravenous anesthesia without intubation in the treatment of prostate volume <40 mL BPH is clinically feasible, significantly improving lower urinary tract symptoms without significant surgical or anesthetic complications.