BACKGROUND:The modular prosthesis applied in hip arthroplasty has the greatest advantages of making operations more flexible,individually meeting the needs of different patients,and reducing the chance of prosthesis revision.Even in the case of revision surgery,the procedure can be simplified,minimizing bone destruction and loss.However,the possible complication of intra-prosthetic dissociation after operation is still an important issue that cannot be ignored in clinical practice,which may bring disastrous consequences once it occurs.Therefore,having a comprehensive understanding of the epidemiological characteristics,imaging interpretation,mechanism and treatment of this complication is of great importance for joint surgeons to develop appropriate scientific and reasonable prevention and treatment strategies.OBJECTIVE:To review the research progress on the complication of intra-prosthetic dissociation after hip arthroplasty.METHODS:The WanFang and PubMed databases were retrieved for original research,reviews,comments,case reports,and meta-analyses published from January 1,1978 to August 31,2024 on the complications of intra-prosthesis separation after hip replacement.The epidemiological characteristics,imaging interpretation,occurrence mechanism,and treatment strategies of intra-prosthesis separation complications after hip arthroplasty were reviewed by summarizing and analyzing the literature.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)Intra-prosthetic dissociation is a comparatively uncommon complication.This complication may pose a higher risk in the early postoperative period for patients who are middle-aged with higher activity level,overweight or preoperatively diagnosed with osteoarthritis.(2)Although specific signs under X-ray or ultrasound imaging can facilitate the diagnosis of intra-prosthetic dissociation,MRI and CT are deemed more valuable in diagnosing polyethylene liners dissociation.(3)The cause of intra-prosthetic dissociation may be related to factors such as intra-prosthetic impingement,prosthesis-related factors,improper positioning of the prosthesis,and iatrogenic disassociation.(4)The treatment strategy should be determined based on comprehensive factors such as the type of intra-prosthetic dissociation,patient's physical condition and comorbidities.

BACKGROUND:The modular prosthesis applied in hip arthroplasty has the greatest advantages of making operations more flexible,individually meeting the needs of different patients,and reducing the chance of prosthesis revision.Even in the case of revision surgery,the procedure can be simplified,minimizing bone destruction and loss.However,the possible complication of intra-prosthetic dissociation after operation is still an important issue that cannot be ignored in clinical practice,which may bring disastrous consequences once it occurs.Therefore,having a comprehensive understanding of the epidemiological characteristics,imaging interpretation,mechanism and treatment of this complication is of great importance for joint surgeons to develop appropriate scientific and reasonable prevention and treatment strategies.OBJECTIVE:To review the research progress on the complication of intra-prosthetic dissociation after hip arthroplasty.METHODS:The WanFang and PubMed databases were retrieved for original research,reviews,comments,case reports,and meta-analyses published from January 1,1978 to August 31,2024 on the complications of intra-prosthesis separation after hip replacement.The epidemiological characteristics,imaging interpretation,occurrence mechanism,and treatment strategies of intra-prosthesis separation complications after hip arthroplasty were reviewed by summarizing and analyzing the literature.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)Intra-prosthetic dissociation is a comparatively uncommon complication.This complication may pose a higher risk in the early postoperative period for patients who are middle-aged with higher activity level,overweight or preoperatively diagnosed with osteoarthritis.(2)Although specific signs under X-ray or ultrasound imaging can facilitate the diagnosis of intra-prosthetic dissociation,MRI and CT are deemed more valuable in diagnosing polyethylene liners dissociation.(3)The cause of intra-prosthetic dissociation may be related to factors such as intra-prosthetic impingement,prosthesis-related factors,improper positioning of the prosthesis,and iatrogenic disassociation.(4)The treatment strategy should be determined based on comprehensive factors such as the type of intra-prosthetic dissociation,patient's physical condition and comorbidities.

Inhibitory GABAergic interneurons are fundamental elements of cortical circuits and play critical roles in shaping network activity. Dysfunction of interneurons can lead to various brain disorders, including epilepsy, schizophrenia, and anxiety. Based on the electrophysiological properties, cell morphology, and molecular identity, interneurons could be classified into various subgroups. In this study, we investigated the density and laminar distribution of different interneuron types and the co-expression of molecular markers in epileptic human cortex. We found that parvalbumin (PV) and somatostatin (SST) neurons were distributed in all cortical layers except layer I, while tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and neuropeptide Y (NPY) were abundant in the deep layers and white matter. Cholecystokinin (CCK) neurons showed a high density in layers IV and VI. Neurons with these markers constituted ~7.2% (PV), 2.6% (SST), 0.5% (TH), 0.5% (NPY), and 4.4% (CCK) of the gray-matter neuron population. Double- and triple-labeling revealed that NPY neurons were also SST-immunoreactive (97.7%), and TH neurons were more likely to express SST (34.2%) than PV (14.6%). A subpopulation of CCK neurons (28.0%) also expressed PV, but none contained SST. Together, these results revealed the density and distribution patterns of different interneuron populations and the overlap between molecular markers in epileptic human cortex.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Brain Chemistry ; genetics ; physiology ; Cerebral Cortex ; metabolism ; pathology ; Child ; Cholecystokinin ; metabolism ; Epilepsy ; etiology ; pathology ; Female ; Gene Expression Regulation ; physiology ; Humans ; Interneurons ; metabolism ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neuropeptide Y ; metabolism ; Parvalbumins ; metabolism ; Phosphopyruvate Hydratase ; metabolism ; Somatostatin ; metabolism ; Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase ; metabolism ; Young Adult

Objective To evaluate the curative effect of selective decongestive devascularization shunt of gastrosplenic region(SDDS-GSR) for the treatment of portal hypertension. Methods From September 2000 to June 2008, 44 patients with portal hypertension had received SDDS-GSR in our hospital. Twenty-nine of them had been followed up for 12-85 months (mean=44months). Results Operative mortality was 0 %. Mesenteric area pressure(33.82±5.12 cm H_2O) was higher than splenic area pressure(24.57±4.63 cm H_2O)soon after the operation finished(P<0.01). No re-bleeding ca-ses were found, and the encephalopathy occurred in 2.27% of the patients in the early stage of post-operation. However, the rates of 3.45% for re-bleeding and 3.45% for encephalopathy were noticed in long-term follow-up. The 1-, 3- and 5-year survival were 100%, 95% and 95%, respectively. Dur-ing the long-term follow-up, the platelet counts markedly increased from (49.2±21.8 × 10~9/L) of preoperative value to (77.2±29.5×10~9/L) (P<0.01), while spleen size was significantly reduced.Conclusion SDDS-GSR is a reliable and reasonable surgical procedure for the management of portal hypertension.

Objective To evaluate the changes of splanchnic hemodynamics after selective decongestive devascularization shunt of gustrosplenic region (SDDS-GSR) in the treatment of patients with portal hypertension. Methods All these 41 portal hypertensive patients underwent a combination surgery including partially occlusion of the splenic artery, Warren distal splenorenal shunt and devascularization. Postoperative patients were followed-up by ultrasonography for changes of splanchnic hemodynamics. Results were compared with that of 21 healthy volunteers. Results The thickness of spleen 2 weeks and 1 year after surgery (47±8) mm, (46±8) nun decreased from preoperative (60±9) mm (P<0.01). The diameter of portal vein (1.13±0.19) cm and splenic artery (0.49±0.08) cm 2 weeks after surgery decreased (P<0.05) and that of hepatic artery (0.40±0.07) cm increased (P<0.05). Patients' preoperative portal vein blood flow volume (1716±1262) ml/min and splenic artery (1269±570) ml/min were larger than that of normal group (P<0.05), while that of hepatic artery (321±126) ml/min was significantly less than that of normal group (P<0.05). The portal blood flow (649±294) ml/min and that of splenic artery (446±254) ml/min 2 weeks after surgery decreased significantly (P<0.01). The hepatic artery blood flow (612±295) ml/min increased significantly (P<0.01). When reevaluated at 1 year the hepatic artery blood flow (401±152) ml/min was not significantly different compared with that before surgery and that in normal group (P>0.05). Conclusions There are significant alterations in hepatic and splenic hemodynamics in patients with portal hypertension, and that SDDS-GSR can partially reverse the chaos of the hepatic and splenic hemodynamics in cirrhotic portal hypertensive patients.