Objective To estimate the biological dose in a patient who developed radiation dermatitis after a local X-ray exposure incident. Methods Peripheral blood samples, which were used to performed lymphocyte chromosome aberration analysis, were collected from the patient at 54 and 102 days after the last exposure. Biological dose in the patient was estimated using four published X-ray dose-effect calibration curves for chromosomal aberrations. The absorbed dose in the patient was reconstructed using Dolphin′s model and time correction factors. Results The abnormal rates of chromosome aberration at 54 and 102 days after exposure were 1.00% and 0.40%, respectively. Based on the four calibration curves, the estimated local exposure dose at 54 day ranged from 3.59 to 10.51 Gy, and the time-corrected whole-body equivalent dose ranged from 0.27 to 0.87 Gy. The local dose estimated at 102 days ranged from 2.24 to 6.64 Gy, with a time-corrected whole-body equivalent dose of 0.12 to 0.60 Gy, which differed from the day-54 estimates. The biological doses estimated by both methods were lower than the physical dose (29.43 Gy). Conclusion The estimation of local biological dose of patient various in four dose-effect curves selected in this study. Delayed blood sampling will lead to underestimate biological dose. Early blood collection after radiation incidents is critical to ensure accuracy and reliability. Moreover, biological dose reconstruction methods for complex exposure scenarios require further research to improve the accracy of emergency response in radiation accidents.

Objective To explore the feasibility of applying artificial intelligence (AI) technology in chromosomal aberration (CA) analysis for occupational health surveillance of radiation workers and in biological dose estimation during nuclear emergency responses. Methods Peripheral blood samples from healthy volunteers were irradiated in vitro with X-rays and cobalt-60 (⁶⁰Co) γ rays. Chromosome slides were prepared using an automated harvesting and dropping device. The data training and outcome evaluation of CA analysis was performed on the AI software using chromosome images from occupational medical examination of radiation workers from the current lab or chromosome slides from blood samples irradiated with X-rays. The trained AI software was then used to assist in CA analysis and biological dose estimation among occupational medical examination of radiation workers, with results compared with manual reading and actual exposure doses. Results The trained AI software achieved a CA recognition accuracy of 95.11%. In the occupational health examination of radiation workers, the positive CA detection rate using AI + manual review was 2.25% higher than that in manual reviewing alone. The errors in biological dose estimation for ⁶⁰Co γ rays and X-rays using AI + manual review analysis were 11.86% and 7.33%, respectively, both within the acceptable 20.00% error margin. Conclusion AI + manual review can be effectively applied in CA analysis for occupational health examination and biological dose estimation during nuclear emergencies, significantly improving analysis efficiency.

Objective:To investigate the efficacy of indobufen versus aspirin in the treatment of unstable angina pectoris (UAP) and their effects on uric acid metabolism and treatment safety in patients. Methods:A total of 200 patients with UAP who received treatment at the Sixth People's Hospital of Zhuji from January 2023 to April 2024 were included in this prospective study. The patients were randomly divided into a control group and an observation group, with 100 patients in each group. All patients received standard treatment, including lipid-lowering, antihypertensive, and coronary dilation therapies. For anticoagulation treatment, the control group received dual antiplatelet therapy with aspirin and ticagrelor, while the observation group received dual antiplatelet therapy with indobufen and ticagrelor. After 6 months of treatment, the clinical efficacy, coagulation function, blood pressure, blood lipid levels, and uric acid metabolism were compared between the two groups. Adverse reactions occurring during the treatment period were also monitored.Results:The overall effective rate in the observation group was not significantly different from that in the control group [93.00% (93/100) vs. 91.00% (91/100), χ2 = 0.63, P > 0.05]. There were no statistically significant differences in coagulation function, blood pressure, or lipid metabolism indicators between the two groups after treatment (all P > 0.05). However, the increase in uric acid levels in the observation group after treatment was significantly lower than that in the control group [(4.32 ± 1.27) μmol/L vs. (35.94 ± 5.52) μmol/L, t = 54.28, P < 0.001]. During the treatment period, the incidences of gastrointestinal mucosal damage and bleeding in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group ( χ2 = 4.30, 4.19, both P < 0.05). Conclusions:Indobufen and aspirin have demonstrated good clinical efficacy in long-term anticoagulant therapy for UAP. Compared with aspirin, indobufen more effectively reduces the risk of elevated uric acid levels in patients and decreases the risk of gastrointestinal mucosal damage and bleeding, thereby enhancing long-term medication safety.

Objective:To investigate the efficacy of indobufen versus aspirin in the treatment of unstable angina pectoris (UAP) and their effects on uric acid metabolism and treatment safety in patients. Methods:A total of 200 patients with UAP who received treatment at the Sixth People's Hospital of Zhuji from January 2023 to April 2024 were included in this prospective study. The patients were randomly divided into a control group and an observation group, with 100 patients in each group. All patients received standard treatment, including lipid-lowering, antihypertensive, and coronary dilation therapies. For anticoagulation treatment, the control group received dual antiplatelet therapy with aspirin and ticagrelor, while the observation group received dual antiplatelet therapy with indobufen and ticagrelor. After 6 months of treatment, the clinical efficacy, coagulation function, blood pressure, blood lipid levels, and uric acid metabolism were compared between the two groups. Adverse reactions occurring during the treatment period were also monitored.Results:The overall effective rate in the observation group was not significantly different from that in the control group [93.00% (93/100) vs. 91.00% (91/100), χ2 = 0.63, P > 0.05]. There were no statistically significant differences in coagulation function, blood pressure, or lipid metabolism indicators between the two groups after treatment (all P > 0.05). However, the increase in uric acid levels in the observation group after treatment was significantly lower than that in the control group [(4.32 ± 1.27) μmol/L vs. (35.94 ± 5.52) μmol/L, t = 54.28, P < 0.001]. During the treatment period, the incidences of gastrointestinal mucosal damage and bleeding in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group ( χ2 = 4.30, 4.19, both P < 0.05). Conclusions:Indobufen and aspirin have demonstrated good clinical efficacy in long-term anticoagulant therapy for UAP. Compared with aspirin, indobufen more effectively reduces the risk of elevated uric acid levels in patients and decreases the risk of gastrointestinal mucosal damage and bleeding, thereby enhancing long-term medication safety.

Objective:To study the influence of the severity of diabetic retinopathy (DR) on the visual function of patients with type 2 diabetes, to provide scientific basis for the early prevention and control of DR.Methods:This study was designed as a cross-sectional study, recruiting already-diagnosed type 2 diabetes patients in four community health service centers in Guizhou Province between February and September 2022. Employing the Chinese version of the Visual Function Index-14 (VF-14), assess the participants′ near vision, visual adaptation, subjective visual perception, and stereo vision, with higher scores indicating poorer visual function. Categorize the severity of each eye′s damage into no diabetic retinopathy (DR), mild non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR), moderate NPDR, severe NPDR, and proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR), and use a 5-level DR grading system to evaluate the overall severity of diabetic retinopathy in both eyes. Employing linear regression analysis to investigate the linear relationship between DR and visual function index. Local weighted regression evaluates the nonlinear relationship between the DR composite score and the scores of visual function, with a steeper slope indicating poorer visual function for that level.Results:A total of 542 patients with type 2 diabetes were investigated, including 244 (45.02%) males, 298 (54.98%) females, and 162 (29.89%) patients with DR. After adjusting for confounders, compared with those without DR, patients with binocular DR Had overall scores ( β=0.136, P=0.003), near vision ( β=0.163, P<0.001), visual adaptation ( β=0.092, P=0.042), subjective vision ( β=0.120, P=0.009) and stereo vision ( β=0.094, P=0.044) were higher than those without DR. There were no differences in visual functions between DR And monocular DR. The local weighted regression curve showed that near vision (slope: 23.78) and overall score (slope: 58.37) increased sharply from mild to moderate NPDR in both eyes. Visual adaptation (slope: 5.37, 7.72), subjective vision (slope: 6.53, 7.93), stereovision (slope: 0.74, 0.91) increased slowly in mild to moderate NPDR in both eyes and in moderate to severe NPDR/PDR in both eyes. Conclusion:Binocular DR is associated with impaired visual function, but there is no difference between monocular DR And non-DR visual function. The early damage of DR To visual function is mainly manifested in near vision. In the prevention and control of DR, more attention should be paid to visual function, especially the change of near vision, and retinal damage should not be assessed solely by visual status.

Objective:To study the influence of the severity of diabetic retinopathy (DR) on the visual function of patients with type 2 diabetes, to provide scientific basis for the early prevention and control of DR.Methods:This study was designed as a cross-sectional study, recruiting already-diagnosed type 2 diabetes patients in four community health service centers in Guizhou Province between February and September 2022. Employing the Chinese version of the Visual Function Index-14 (VF-14), assess the participants′ near vision, visual adaptation, subjective visual perception, and stereo vision, with higher scores indicating poorer visual function. Categorize the severity of each eye′s damage into no diabetic retinopathy (DR), mild non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR), moderate NPDR, severe NPDR, and proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR), and use a 5-level DR grading system to evaluate the overall severity of diabetic retinopathy in both eyes. Employing linear regression analysis to investigate the linear relationship between DR and visual function index. Local weighted regression evaluates the nonlinear relationship between the DR composite score and the scores of visual function, with a steeper slope indicating poorer visual function for that level.Results:A total of 542 patients with type 2 diabetes were investigated, including 244 (45.02%) males, 298 (54.98%) females, and 162 (29.89%) patients with DR. After adjusting for confounders, compared with those without DR, patients with binocular DR Had overall scores ( β=0.136, P=0.003), near vision ( β=0.163, P<0.001), visual adaptation ( β=0.092, P=0.042), subjective vision ( β=0.120, P=0.009) and stereo vision ( β=0.094, P=0.044) were higher than those without DR. There were no differences in visual functions between DR And monocular DR. The local weighted regression curve showed that near vision (slope: 23.78) and overall score (slope: 58.37) increased sharply from mild to moderate NPDR in both eyes. Visual adaptation (slope: 5.37, 7.72), subjective vision (slope: 6.53, 7.93), stereovision (slope: 0.74, 0.91) increased slowly in mild to moderate NPDR in both eyes and in moderate to severe NPDR/PDR in both eyes. Conclusion:Binocular DR is associated with impaired visual function, but there is no difference between monocular DR And non-DR visual function. The early damage of DR To visual function is mainly manifested in near vision. In the prevention and control of DR, more attention should be paid to visual function, especially the change of near vision, and retinal damage should not be assessed solely by visual status.

Background::Genetic variants of dopaminergic transcription factor-encoding genes are suggested to be Parkinson’s disease (PD) risk factors; however, no comprehensive analyses of these genes in patients with PD have been undertaken. Therefore, we aimed to genetically analyze 16 dopaminergic transcription factor genes in Chinese patients with PD.Methods::Whole-exome sequencing (WES) was performed using a Chinese cohort comprising 1917 unrelated patients with familial or sporadic early-onset PD and 1652 controls. Additionally, whole-genome sequencing (WGS) was performed using another Chinese cohort comprising 1962 unrelated patients with sporadic late-onset PD and 1279 controls.Results::We detected 308 rare and 208 rare protein-altering variants in the WES and WGS cohorts, respectively. Gene-based association analyses of rare variants suggested that MSX1 is enriched in sporadic late-onset PD. However, the significance did not pass the Bonferroni correction. Meanwhile, 72 and 1730 common variants were found in the WES and WGS cohorts, respectively. Unfortunately, single-variant logistic association analyses did not identify significant associations between common variants and PD. Conclusions::Variants of 16 typical dopaminergic transcription factors might not be major genetic risk factors for PD in Chinese patients. However, we highlight the complexity of PD and the need for extensive research elucidating its etiology.

Objective To analyze the occupational health status of radiation workers in Guangdong Province. Methods A total of 8 913 radiation workers who underwent occupational medical examination (OME) in Guangdong Province Hospital for Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment in 2020 were selected as the exposure group, and 2 024 non-radiological workers who underwent health examination in the same hospital in the same period of time were selected as the control group using convenient sampling method. The study analyzed the prevalence of abnormalities in thyroid, eye lens, blood pressure, complete blood count and micronucleus in individuals of the two groups. Results The abnormal rates of eye lens, blood pressure and complete blood count in the radiation workers in the exposure group were higher than those in the control group (23.3% vs 8.0%, 18.6% vs 9.0%, 18.1% vs 8.5%, all P<0.01). However, there was no significant difference in the abnormal rates of thyroid and micronucleus in workers between these two groups (12.8% vs 11.5%, 0.1% vs 0.0%, all P>0.05). The abnormal rates of thyroid, eye lens and blood pressure in radiation workers increased with the exposure period of radiation (all P<0.05). Conclusion Long-term exposure to low-dose ionizing radiation have certain effects on the thyroid, eye lens, and blood pressure of radiation workers, with a time-effect relationship of years of radiation work.

Objective: To investigate the role of surfactant associated protein-A (SP-A) in the development and progression of silicosis, and its mechanism. Methods: Homozygous and heterozygous mice of SP-A knockout of specific pathogen free (SPF) grade were selected for mating, and mice with SP-A^-/- genotype were selected for subsequent experiments. SP-A wild-type (SP-A^+/+) and SP-A^-/- mice were divided into SP-A^+/+ control group, SP-A^-/- control group, SP-A^+/+ silicosis group and SP-A^-/- silicosis group with six mice in each group by random number table method. Mice in both silicosis groups were given 20.0 μL 250 g/L silica suspension by tracheal exposure, and mice in both control groups were injected with 0.9% sodium chloride solution at the same volume. On the 28th day after modeling, mice were sacrificed. Lung tissues were used for lung histopathology examination. The apoptosis of alveolar type Ⅱ epithelial cells of mice was detected by TUNEL method. The mRNA expression of B-lymphoblastoma 2 (Bcl-2), Bcl-2 associated X protein (Bax), cysteinyl aspartate specific proteinase (Caspase)-3 and Caspase-9 in lung tissues of mice was detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Results: The histopathological result of mice showed that thickened alveolar septum, scattered silicon nodule and collagen fiber formation were observed in the mice lungs of SP-A^+/+ silicosis group, and a large number of inflammatory cells were observed in silicosis nodule, after exposure to silica dust. SP-A^-/- silicosis group resulted in a more severe pulmonary inflammation and interstitial fibrosis compared to SP-A^+/+ silicosis group. The apoptosis of alveolar type Ⅱ epithelial cells and the mRNA relative expression levels of Bax, Caspase-3 and Caspase-9 in lung tissues of mice in each silicosis groups were increased compared with their control groups (all P<0.05). The above four indexes of mice in SP-A^-/- silicosis group were higher than those in SP-A^+/+ silicosis group (all P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the expression of Bcl-2 mRNA in lung tissues of these four groups (P>0.05). Conclusion: Knockout of SP-A can aggravate inflammation and pulmonary fibrosis in silicosis model mice, and promote apoptosis of alveolar type Ⅱ epithelial cells. The mechanism may be related to the Bcl-2/Bax/Caspase-3 signaling pathway which affects the apoptosis of mitochondrial pathway.

Early diagnosis of pulmonary diseases is of great significance for their prevention and treatment. Serum Krebs von den Lungen-6 (KL-6) assay can reflect the damage degree of alveolar epithelium and stromal tissue, and is simple, non-invasive and low-cost. Pervious study showed that the serum KL-6 level was higher in patients with various interstitial lung diseases (e.g. idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and connective tissue disease, primary Sjögren's syndrome, rheumatoid arthritis, idiopathic inflammatory myopathy and systemic sclerosis combined with interstitial lung disease), non-small cell lung cancer, various pneumonias and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease compared to healthy controls. Therefore, serum KL-6 has good sensitivity and specificity for the early diagnosis of these diseases. Occupational pneumoconiosis is an interstitial lung disease with a well-established etiology. Pervious study has shown that serum KL-6 level was higher in patients with occupational silicosis, occupational asbestosis, and dust-exposed workers compared to healthy controls. However, due to the limited sample size and the inconsistent findings on different studies, further research is needed to study the role of serum KL-6 in the early diagnosis of pneumoconiosis. Future studies should increase the sample size, improve the detection methods for serum KL-6, explore its feasibility as an early diagnostic biomarker for occupational pulmonary diseases, and investigate the efficacy andvalue of its combined application with other biomarkers in the early diagnosis of various pulmonary diseases, including occupational lung diseases, to fully exploit its predictive role in pulmonary diseases.