Objective:To explore the characteristic of dynamic function network connectivity (dFNC) of resting brain networks in internet gaming disorder (IGD) adolescents.Methods:Forty-four adolescent IGD subjects (IGD group, male/female: 38/6) and fifty healthy controls (HC group, male/female: 40/10) were collected, and the subjects completed demographic questionnaires, Young internet addiction scale(YIAS), Chinese adolescents' maladaptive cognitions scale(CAMAS), and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) tests. The fMRI data were preprocessed on the Matlab platform, and the preprocessed data was divided into 64 components for group level independent component analysis.The dynamic functional connectivity of obtained 18 effective independent components was analyzed by sliding time window technique, and the difference of dynamic functional connectivity of brain triple network between the IGD group and HC group was compared using SPSS 22.0 software.Results:Four repeated dFNC states were identified through cluster analysis.Each state indicated that different functional networks had different connection strengths.State 3, the most frequent state, had been indicated that the whole brain network of the subject was in a state of weak functional connectivity.The second frequent state was state 1, which indicated enhanced functional connectivity within the subject's central executive network (CEN).State 2 had been indicated enhanced functional connectivity within the subject's salience network (SN).State 4 had been indicated generally enhanced functional connectivity in the subjects' brain networks, and this state was the least frequent.The results of non-parametric permutation test on the time attribute showed that compared with the HC group, the IGD group had a longer time score (IGD group: 0.24±0.19, HC group: 0.13±0.15, t=1.19, P<0.05, non-parametric substitution test) for state 1 with strong connectivity within the CEN, which was positively correlated with the YIAS score and game time ( r=0.418, P=0.003; r=0.515, P=0.004).Compared with HC group, the functional connectivity of ICD group between the internal insula of the SN and the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex was enhanced ( P<0.05, FDR corrected), while the average residence time in weakly connected state 3 was longer ( Z=2.09, P<0.05, nonparametric substitution test). Conclusions:The difference in dynamic functional connectivity of the triple network in the brain of IGD adolescents under resting state is mainly manifested by strong connections in CEN, functional connections between insula and dorsal anterior cingulate cortex in SN is enhanced, and weakening of overall functional connections, which may play an important role in the pathological mechanism of IGD.

Objective:To explore the utility of adenosine stress-rest gated myocardial perfusion imaging (G-MPI) in evaluation of left ventricular (LV) myocardial perfusion, heart function, and synchronization in patients with multivessel coronary artery disease after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG).Methods:Fifty-five patients (42 males, 13 females, age (59.3±9.0) years) with multivessel coronary artery disease who underwent CABG surgery in Yan′an Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University between January 2021 and June 2023 were retrospectively collected. All of them underwent G-MPI (one-day method) one week before and six months after CABG. Paired t-test or Wilcoxon signed rank test was used to compare LV myocardial perfusion parameters including summed stress score (SSS), summed rest score (SRS), and summed different score (SDS) before and after CABG, as well as cardiac function parameters (LV ejection fraction (EF), LV end-diastolic volume (EDV), LV end-systolic volume (ESV), stroke volume (SV), peak filling rate (PFR)), and LV mechanical contraction synchronization parameters such as phase histogram bandwidth (PHB) and phase standard deviation (PSD). Differences of the changes of parameters after CABG compared to baseline (Δ) between adenosine stress imaging and rest imaging were also compared by Wilcoxon signed rank test. The relationships between rest LVEF, rest PFR and myocardial perfusion parameters were analyzed by Spearman rank correlation analysis. Results:After CABG, the SSS, SRS, and SDS were significantly lower than those before surgery (6(3, 12) vs 16(9, 23), 1(0, 9) vs 4(1, 15), 3(1, 5) vs 8(6, 12); z values: 6.37, 4.84, 6.24, all P<0.001); postoperative rest/stress LVEF(60%(49%, 67%), 58%(48%, 68%)) and PFR (3.67(3.12, 4.28), 3.23(2.77, 4.43) EDV/s) significantly increased compared with preoperative values (51%(33%, 62%), 53%(27%, 61%); 2.76(2.08, 3.52), 2.83(1.86, 3.62) EDV/s; z values: 3.23-5.58, all P<0.01); postoperative rest/stress LVEDV and LVESV were significantly lower than those before surgery ( t values: 6.40, 5.27; z values: 5.33, 5.40; all P<0.001); rest/stress PHB (45°(35°, 70°), 53°(44°, 113°)) and PSD (14.7°(10.9°, 27.3°), 20.0°(14.6°, 33.8°)) were significantly lower than those before surgery (60°(45°, 131°), 83°(58°, 198°), 20.4°(16.0°, 49.1°), 27.2°(19.6°, 60.4°); z values: 4.19-4.81, all P<0.001). The ΔSSS was greater than the ΔSRS, and the ΔPFR was greater in rest imaging than that in stress imaging ( z values: 6.24, 2.77, both P<0.05). Rest LVEF, PFR were negatively correlated with SSS and SRS ( rs values: from -0.741 to -0.431, all P<0.05). Conclusion:The LV myocardial perfusion, function, and mechanical contraction synchronicity information obtained from adenosine stress-rest G-MPI can be used to evaluate the recovery after CABG, which may help to better identify patients who may have adverse cardiac events.

AIM: To investigate the role of histidine-rich glycoprotein(HRG)in the neovascularization of diabetic retinopathy in rats.METHODS: Streptozocin(STZ)-induced diabetic Sprague-Dawley(SD)rats were utilized as an experimental model, the protein expression of HRG and vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)in the retinas of normal(Wild type, WT)and diabetic(diabetic mellitus, DM)groups was detected using Western blot(WB). The protein expression of HRG in high-glucose-induced human retinal microvascular endothelial cells(hRMECs)was verified by WB after transfection with HRG small interfering RNA(siRNA)low-expression sequences. The optimal si-HRG#298 sequence was selected for further experiments. In the animal experiment, HRG gene silencing was achieved using an adeno-associated virus(AAV)vector, with AAV2-sh-NC and AAV2-sh-HRG#298 serving as the HRG gene silencing group and the HRG empty vector control group, respectively. The protein expression of HRG and VEGF in each group was then detected by WB following the verification of HRG protein expression. Retinal structural changes were observed by HE staining, and neovascularization changes were observed by PAS staining.RESULTS: HE staining found that the retinal structure in the DM group was disordered, the number of cells in the ganglion cell layer decreased, the number of cells in the inner and outer nuclear layers decreased, and the total retinal thickness also decreased(P<0.05); cellular capillaries were significantly increased in DM rats observed by PAS staining(P<0.05); the protein expression of HRG and angiogenesis factor VEGF was up-regulated in the retina of DM group(P<0.05); the protein expression of HRG was significantly downregulated in high glucose-induced hRMECs(P<0.05); the inhibition of neovascularization in diabetic retinas and the downregulation of VEGF protein expression were achieved through HRG gene silencing(P<0.05).CONCLUSION: HRG promotes neovascularization in the retinas of diabetic rats, and HRG gene silencing can inhibit neovascularization.

Objective:To perform adenovirus detection and genetic evolutionary analysis on specimens from a fever outbreak in Kunming city.Methods:Pharyngeal swabs from typical febrile patients were collected and tested for nucleic acids of 30 common respiratory pathogens using TaqMan Array Card technology. The full-length sequences of three important genes of adenovirus, Penton base, Hexon and Fiber, were amplified, sequenced and typed using Nanopore high-throughput sequencing. A phylogenetic tree was constructed. Molecular variations and genetic evolution of the three genes were analyzed.Results:Five specimens were collected and all of them tested positive for adenovirus and Haemophilus influenzae. The sequences of the full-length coding regions of the Penton base, Hexon and Fiber genes were obtained by Nanopore sequencing. The homology of the three gene sequences in the five specimens was 100.0%, 99.9%-100.0% and 100.0% in nucleotide sequences, and 100.0% in amino acid sequences. The three genes in the specimens had the highest homology with those of the reference strain of human adenovirus type 3 (HAdV3, accession number: AY599834) in nucleotide sequences, which was 98.6%, 98.7% and 98.9%, respectively. Results of the phylogenetic analysis of the three genes were basically consistent. These Kunming strains were clustered into an independent clade with the reference HAdV3 strain and had a distant relationship with the strains isolated in foreign countries and Taiwan, China in the early years. They were closely related to the domestic and foreign strains in recent years and highly homologous to the 2019 Japanese strain (accession: LC703523) and the Guangzhou strain (accession: MZ540961). Compared with the reference strain, these Kunming strains had five amino acid variations in Penton base, 10 in Hexon and 11 in Fiber. Conclusions:All of the adenovirus strains isolated in this outbreak belong to P3H3F3 type based on the full-length sequences of Penton base, Hexon and Fiber genes. They share high homology with the domestic and foreign HAdV3 strains, including the reference strain. Compared with the reference strain, several amino acid mutations are identified in these Kunming strains, and most of them are in the high variability region or functional regions. M7L in the Hexon protein is an unique amino acid mutation site of Kunming strains.

OBJECTIVE To prepare spider fibroin membrane loaded with Periplaneta americana extract， and investigate its characterization， in vitro drug release property and cytotoxicity. METHODS Using natural spider silk collected from Chilobrachys guangxiensis as raw material， P. americana extract as model drug， the drug-loaded spider fibroin membrane （hereinafter referred to as drug-loaded membrane） was prepared by solvent casting method. The material matrix spider fibroin membrane without P. americana extract （hereinafter referred to as blank membrane） was prepared with same method. The membrane structure was characterized by static water contact angle， Fourier infrared chromatography， X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy from different angles； drug release characteristics in artificial saliva were simulated in vitro to evaluate the drug sustained-release performance. MTT assay was adopted to validate the cytotoxicity of drug-loaded membrane. RESULTS The drug-loaded membrane was prepared， and the static water contact angle was less than 90°， which was less than that of blank membrane. The drug-loaded membrane showed the characteristic absorption peak to polypeptide of P. americana extract at 1 500-1 700 cm－1. X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy also proved that the drug was successfully loaded into the pellicle. The release time of the pellicle in artificial saliva was more than 200 min. The MTT test results showed that the cell proliferation rates of blank membrane and drug-loaded membrane were 84.6% and 79.4% （both greater than 70%）， respectively， without significant potential cytotoxicity. CONCLUSIONS Drug-loaded membrane prepared with natural spider silk has a certain sustained-release effect in artificial saliva， which can be further developed as a drug sustained-release carrier with excellent biological characteristics and biocompatibility.

Objective:To explore the prevalence and influencing factors of allergic conjunctivitis in Baotou area at different times.Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted in January 2021, 111 patients with allergic conjunctivitis who were admitted to the Department of Ophthalmology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Baotou Medical College, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology in 2020 were selected as the research subjects. The basic information, allergic conditions, living habits and other information of the patients were obtained by self-made questionnaire. The pollen concentration and allergy related indicators(allergic duration and frequency, eye itching score, eye burn score, eye foreign body sensation score, tears score and the total scores) of 2019 and 2020 were analyzed by paired sample t-test. The pollen concentration of 2019 and 2020 were analyzed by Wilcoxon signed rank test. The allergy related indicators of different genders were analyzed by independent sample t-test. The allergy related indicators of different ages were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance. The relationship between the length of wearing masks and the allergy related indicators were analyzed by Spearman correlation analysis. Results:Among the 111 patients with allergic conjunctivitis, 54 were males and 57 were females, ranging in age from 8 to 69 years old, with a median age of 35 years old and an average age of (36.77±13.18) years old. The average pollen concentration in Baotou in 2019 was (125.35±222.64) grains/1 000 square millimeter, and the average pollen concentration in Baotou in 2020 was (107.38±137.29) grains/1 000 square millimeter. There was no significant difference in pollen concentration between the two years( Z=-0.178, P=0.859). The severity of allergic indicators in all patients in 2020 is significantly lower than in 2019( t values were 4.701,3.587,2.582,3.661,4.444,2.784,2.555,3.886,respectively, with P<0.05). The severity of allergic indicators in male patients is lower than that of female patients ( t values were -1.558, -1.257, -3.41, -3.085, -2.335, -2.897, -2.652, -4.124, respectively). The prevalence of allergic conjunctivitis dose not vary significant with age ( P values were 0.504, 0.095, 0.499, 0.265, 0.284, 0.655, 0.421, 0.976, respectively). In 2020, the average time that patients wear masks is (6.55±3.28) h/d, and there is a correlation with the difference in allergy duration ( r=0.191, P=0.045). Conclusion:The severity of allergic conjunctivitis in Baotou in 2020 was significantly improved compared with that in 2019, which may be related to masks wearing.

Objective:To explore the prevalence and influencing factors of allergic conjunctivitis in Baotou area at different times.Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted in January 2021, 111 patients with allergic conjunctivitis who were admitted to the Department of Ophthalmology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Baotou Medical College, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology in 2020 were selected as the research subjects. The basic information, allergic conditions, living habits and other information of the patients were obtained by self-made questionnaire. The pollen concentration and allergy related indicators(allergic duration and frequency, eye itching score, eye burn score, eye foreign body sensation score, tears score and the total scores) of 2019 and 2020 were analyzed by paired sample t-test. The pollen concentration of 2019 and 2020 were analyzed by Wilcoxon signed rank test. The allergy related indicators of different genders were analyzed by independent sample t-test. The allergy related indicators of different ages were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance. The relationship between the length of wearing masks and the allergy related indicators were analyzed by Spearman correlation analysis. Results:Among the 111 patients with allergic conjunctivitis, 54 were males and 57 were females, ranging in age from 8 to 69 years old, with a median age of 35 years old and an average age of (36.77±13.18) years old. The average pollen concentration in Baotou in 2019 was (125.35±222.64) grains/1 000 square millimeter, and the average pollen concentration in Baotou in 2020 was (107.38±137.29) grains/1 000 square millimeter. There was no significant difference in pollen concentration between the two years( Z=-0.178, P=0.859). The severity of allergic indicators in all patients in 2020 is significantly lower than in 2019( t values were 4.701,3.587,2.582,3.661,4.444,2.784,2.555,3.886,respectively, with P<0.05). The severity of allergic indicators in male patients is lower than that of female patients ( t values were -1.558, -1.257, -3.41, -3.085, -2.335, -2.897, -2.652, -4.124, respectively). The prevalence of allergic conjunctivitis dose not vary significant with age ( P values were 0.504, 0.095, 0.499, 0.265, 0.284, 0.655, 0.421, 0.976, respectively). In 2020, the average time that patients wear masks is (6.55±3.28) h/d, and there is a correlation with the difference in allergy duration ( r=0.191, P=0.045). Conclusion:The severity of allergic conjunctivitis in Baotou in 2020 was significantly improved compared with that in 2019, which may be related to masks wearing.

Objective: To observe whether an Xingnaojing 醒脑静 injection could improve the prognosis of patients, by increasing rifampicin penetration through the blood-brain barrier. Methods: Patients with severe tuberculous meningitis were enrolled in this study. The concentrations of Xingnaojing in cerebrospinal fluid and blood in patients treated with Xingnaojing and control were determined by high performance liquid chromatography. The changes in cerebrospinal fluid and the improvement of clinical symptoms and signs, were evaluated two weeks after admission. The long-term prognosis of the patients in the two groups were evaluated by the Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS). Results: The concentration of rifampicin in cerebrospinal fluid was significantly higher in the Xingnaojing group (1.77±0.17 μg/mL), than in the control group (1.27±0.16 μg/mL, p<0.05). The difference in concentration of rifampicin in the blood was not significant (P>0.05). The short-term effective rate of the Xingnaojing group was 92.5% (37/40), which was significantly higher than that of the control group (80%, 32/40, p<0.05). After 6 months, 75% (30/40) of the Xingnaojing group had good prognosis according to the GOS score, whereas that of the control group was 50% (20/40) showing significantly better long-term treatment effect of the Xingnaojing group compared to the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion: Xingnaojing injection improved rifampicin penetration into the central nervous system. The increase in rifampicin concentration in cerebrospinal fluid improved outcomes in patients with severe tuberculous meningitis.

Objective:To compare the accuracy of abdominal enhanced CT and endoscopic ultrasound in the staging of gastric cancer after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (yc stage).Methods:Clinic data of 86 locally advanced gastric cancer patients admitted in Gastrointestinal Cancer Center, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute from April 2015 to November 2017 were analyzed retrospectively. Totally 86 patients completed both abdominal enhanced CT and endoscopic ultrasound after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. There were 60 males and 26 females, aged (57.8±9.7) years (range: 32 to 76 years). The diagnostic accuracy of abdominal enhanced CT and endoscopic ultrasound for yc stage were calculated by the area under the multiclass receiver operation characteristic curve (M-AUC), retrospectively. McNemar test was used to compared the diagnostic sensitivity.Results:The M-AUC of ycT stage evaluated by abdominal enhanced CT (CT-ycT stage) and by endoscopic ultrasound (EUS-ycT stage) was 0.614 and 0.704, respectively. For middle and lower gastric cancer, the M-AUC of CT-ycT stage was 0.599 and 0.613, respectively, while EUS-ycT stage was 0.558 and 0.709, respectively. For tumor in the lesser and non-lesser curvature, the M-AUC of CT-ycT stage was 0.630 and 0.607, respectively, while EUS-ycT stage was 0.616 and 0.749, respectively. For patients in CT-ycT1-CT-ycT4, there was no statistically significant difference in the sensitivity between CT-ycT stage and EUS-ycT stage (2/18, 2/15, 52.8%(19/36), 8/13 vs. 0, 4/15, 55.6%(20/36), 7/13; χ 2=2.00, P=0.157; χ 2=2.00, P=0.157; χ 2=0.08, P=0.782; χ 2=0.33, P=0.564). The M-AUC of ycN stage evaluated by abdominal enhanced CT (CT-ycN stage) was 0.654, while ycN stage evaluated by endoscopic ultrasound (EUS-ycN stage) was 0.533. For patients in CT-ycN0, there was statistically significant difference in the sensitivity between CT-ycN stage and EUS-ycN stage (12.7%(7/55) vs. 5.5%(3/55); χ 2=4.00, P=0.046). For patients in CT-ycN1, N2, and N3, there was no statistically significant difference in the sensitivity between CT-ycN stage and EUS-ycN stage (2/19, 1/10, 0 vs. 1/19, 1/10, 0; χ 2=1.00, P=0.317; the other P cannot be estimated). Conclusions:There was no significant difference between the diagnostic efficacy of abdominal enhanced CT and endoscopic ultrasound for yc stage of gastric cancer. Considering the invasiveness of ultrasound gastroscopy, it should not be recommend for patients after neoadjuvant chemotherapy routinely.

Objective:To compare the accuracy of abdominal enhanced CT and endoscopic ultrasound in the staging of gastric cancer after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (yc stage).Methods:Clinic data of 86 locally advanced gastric cancer patients admitted in Gastrointestinal Cancer Center, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute from April 2015 to November 2017 were analyzed retrospectively. Totally 86 patients completed both abdominal enhanced CT and endoscopic ultrasound after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. There were 60 males and 26 females, aged (57.8±9.7) years (range: 32 to 76 years). The diagnostic accuracy of abdominal enhanced CT and endoscopic ultrasound for yc stage were calculated by the area under the multiclass receiver operation characteristic curve (M-AUC), retrospectively. McNemar test was used to compared the diagnostic sensitivity.Results:The M-AUC of ycT stage evaluated by abdominal enhanced CT (CT-ycT stage) and by endoscopic ultrasound (EUS-ycT stage) was 0.614 and 0.704, respectively. For middle and lower gastric cancer, the M-AUC of CT-ycT stage was 0.599 and 0.613, respectively, while EUS-ycT stage was 0.558 and 0.709, respectively. For tumor in the lesser and non-lesser curvature, the M-AUC of CT-ycT stage was 0.630 and 0.607, respectively, while EUS-ycT stage was 0.616 and 0.749, respectively. For patients in CT-ycT1-CT-ycT4, there was no statistically significant difference in the sensitivity between CT-ycT stage and EUS-ycT stage (2/18, 2/15, 52.8%(19/36), 8/13 vs. 0, 4/15, 55.6%(20/36), 7/13; χ 2=2.00, P=0.157; χ 2=2.00, P=0.157; χ 2=0.08, P=0.782; χ 2=0.33, P=0.564). The M-AUC of ycN stage evaluated by abdominal enhanced CT (CT-ycN stage) was 0.654, while ycN stage evaluated by endoscopic ultrasound (EUS-ycN stage) was 0.533. For patients in CT-ycN0, there was statistically significant difference in the sensitivity between CT-ycN stage and EUS-ycN stage (12.7%(7/55) vs. 5.5%(3/55); χ 2=4.00, P=0.046). For patients in CT-ycN1, N2, and N3, there was no statistically significant difference in the sensitivity between CT-ycN stage and EUS-ycN stage (2/19, 1/10, 0 vs. 1/19, 1/10, 0; χ 2=1.00, P=0.317; the other P cannot be estimated). Conclusions:There was no significant difference between the diagnostic efficacy of abdominal enhanced CT and endoscopic ultrasound for yc stage of gastric cancer. Considering the invasiveness of ultrasound gastroscopy, it should not be recommend for patients after neoadjuvant chemotherapy routinely.