Objective Two-sample Mendelian randomization(TSMR)was used to explore the causal relationship between inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)and gut microbiota(GM).Methods GM was taken as the exposure factor,and two subtypes of IBD,Crohn's disease(CD)and ulcerative colitis(UC),were selected as the outcome factors.The potential causal relationship between IBD and gut microbiota was screened by TSMR statistical method.Results The results of comprehensive multiple analysis showed that 15 kinds of intestinal microbiota might be related to IBD.Among them,the Gastroenterococcaceae,Eulogicum,Clostridium 1,Agnobacter,Ruminococcus 2 and Ruminococcaceae UCG009 may be potential protective factors for IBD(OR＜1,P＜0.05);The UCG-011 of the Alfalfa family,the UCG001 of the Clostridium genus,the Actinobacillus genus,the Trichoderma genus,the Rumen genus UCG014,the NB1n order,the Eubacterium genus,the UCG008 of the Trichoderma family and the Clostridium order may be potential risk factors for IBD(OR＞1,P＜0.05);No pleiotropy or significant heterogeneity of instrumental variables genes was found.Conclusion The intestinal flora may have a dual effect on IBD.It may be a protective factor or increase the risk of IBD.The specific mechanism of action still needs to be further explored.

Objective To assess changes in composition of oral microbiota in oral squamous cell carcinoma(OSCC)by systematic review and Meta-analysis.Methods Computer searches were conducted in databases such as PubMed,Embase,Cochrane Library,Web of Science,Wanfang Data and CNKI to gather research on the oral microbiome of OSCC.The search covered the period from the establishment of databases to March 25 2025.Literature was screened and data extracted according to literature inclusion and exclusion criteria,and Meta-analysis of changes in the abundance of bacterial genera in included studies was performed using Stata 17.0.Results A total of 23 studies involving 1 718 participants were included.These studies were divided into two categories:(1)case-control studies(n=14)and(2)cancer tissue versus paired paracancerous tissue(n=9).At the genus level,Fusobacterium was increased in abundance in OSCC patients(SMD=0.52,95%CI:0.39-0.65,P＜0.001)and cancer tissue(SMD=0.89,95%CI:0.55-1.24,P＜0.001).Porphyromonas was increased abundance in OSCC patients(SMD=0.17,95%CI:0.02-0.33,P=0.030)and cancer tissue(SMD=0.31,95%CI:0.10-0.53,P=0.005).Streptococcus was decreased in OSCC(SMD=-0.43,95%CI:-0.85--0.01,P=0.044)and cancer tissue(SMD=-0.66,95%CI:-0.96--0.37,P＜0.001).Conclusion Fusobacterium and Porphyromonas increase and Streptococcus decrease in OSCC patients and cancer tissue,suggesting that oral flora dysbiosis is associated with the development of OSCC.

Objective Two-sample Mendelian randomization(TSMR)was used to explore the causal relationship between inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)and gut microbiota(GM).Methods GM was taken as the exposure factor,and two subtypes of IBD,Crohn's disease(CD)and ulcerative colitis(UC),were selected as the outcome factors.The potential causal relationship between IBD and gut microbiota was screened by TSMR statistical method.Results The results of comprehensive multiple analysis showed that 15 kinds of intestinal microbiota might be related to IBD.Among them,the Gastroenterococcaceae,Eulogicum,Clostridium 1,Agnobacter,Ruminococcus 2 and Ruminococcaceae UCG009 may be potential protective factors for IBD(OR＜1,P＜0.05);The UCG-011 of the Alfalfa family,the UCG001 of the Clostridium genus,the Actinobacillus genus,the Trichoderma genus,the Rumen genus UCG014,the NB1n order,the Eubacterium genus,the UCG008 of the Trichoderma family and the Clostridium order may be potential risk factors for IBD(OR＞1,P＜0.05);No pleiotropy or significant heterogeneity of instrumental variables genes was found.Conclusion The intestinal flora may have a dual effect on IBD.It may be a protective factor or increase the risk of IBD.The specific mechanism of action still needs to be further explored.

Objective To assess changes in composition of oral microbiota in oral squamous cell carcinoma(OSCC)by systematic review and Meta-analysis.Methods Computer searches were conducted in databases such as PubMed,Embase,Cochrane Library,Web of Science,Wanfang Data and CNKI to gather research on the oral microbiome of OSCC.The search covered the period from the establishment of databases to March 25 2025.Literature was screened and data extracted according to literature inclusion and exclusion criteria,and Meta-analysis of changes in the abundance of bacterial genera in included studies was performed using Stata 17.0.Results A total of 23 studies involving 1 718 participants were included.These studies were divided into two categories:(1)case-control studies(n=14)and(2)cancer tissue versus paired paracancerous tissue(n=9).At the genus level,Fusobacterium was increased in abundance in OSCC patients(SMD=0.52,95%CI:0.39-0.65,P＜0.001)and cancer tissue(SMD=0.89,95%CI:0.55-1.24,P＜0.001).Porphyromonas was increased abundance in OSCC patients(SMD=0.17,95%CI:0.02-0.33,P=0.030)and cancer tissue(SMD=0.31,95%CI:0.10-0.53,P=0.005).Streptococcus was decreased in OSCC(SMD=-0.43,95%CI:-0.85--0.01,P=0.044)and cancer tissue(SMD=-0.66,95%CI:-0.96--0.37,P＜0.001).Conclusion Fusobacterium and Porphyromonas increase and Streptococcus decrease in OSCC patients and cancer tissue,suggesting that oral flora dysbiosis is associated with the development of OSCC.

Heat shock proteins (HSPs) are a group of highly conserved and functionally diverse molecular chaperones that play a crucial role in maintaining cellular homeostasis and coping with a variety of stress responses. HSP70 is one of the important members of the HSPs family, which is involved in the correct folding of proteins, preventing aggregation, and plays a key role in the formation of germ cells, DNA damage repair, fertilization process and embryo implantation in early embryonic development. HSP70 maintains the healthy development of embryos and protects cells from injury under various stress conditions by promoting the normal development and cellular homeostasis of fertilized eggs after fertilization. Through in-depth study of the complex functions and potential mechanisms of HSP70, it is expected to reveal its role in unexplained infertility, recurrent implantation failure, recurrent abortion and other diseases.

Heat shock proteins (HSPs) are a group of highly conserved and functionally diverse molecular chaperones that play a crucial role in maintaining cellular homeostasis and coping with a variety of stress responses. HSP70 is one of the important members of the HSPs family, which is involved in the correct folding of proteins, preventing aggregation, and plays a key role in the formation of germ cells, DNA damage repair, fertilization process and embryo implantation in early embryonic development. HSP70 maintains the healthy development of embryos and protects cells from injury under various stress conditions by promoting the normal development and cellular homeostasis of fertilized eggs after fertilization. Through in-depth study of the complex functions and potential mechanisms of HSP70, it is expected to reveal its role in unexplained infertility, recurrent implantation failure, recurrent abortion and other diseases.

Objective:To explore urological nurses' knowledge, attitude and behavior about early activities in patients undergoing radical cystectomy and the influencing factors, and provide a reference for early activities to be successfully carried out in patients undergoing radical cystectomy.Methods:Totally 240 urological nurses from 10 hospitals in Guangdong Province were selected using convenient sampling and investigated with the general information questionnaire and the urological nurse's knowledge, attitude and behavior about early activities in patients undergoing radical cystectomy questionnaire between October and December 2018. Multiple linear regression was used to analyze the influencing factors.Results:The urological nurses' knowledge, attitude, and behavior scores about early activities of patients undergoing radical cystectomy were (3.42±1.23) , (30.40±3.18) and (10.65±2.20) . Multiple linear regression showed that job title was the influencing factor of urological nurses' knowledge towards early activities in patients undergoing radical cystectomy ( P<0.05) ; working years in urology department, job title and whether they received early activity-related training were the influencing factors of urological nurses' attitude towards early activities in patients undergoing radical cystectomy ( P<0.05) ; whether their department carried out accelerated rehabilitation surgery and whether they received early activity-related training were the influencing factors of urological nurses' behavior about early activities in patients undergoing radical cystectomy ( P< 0.05) . Conclusions:Nurses have a good attitude towards early activities of patients undergoing radical cystectomy, but their knowledge reserves and behaviors are not satisfying. It is necessary to strengthen the training of nurses on the knowledge of early activities, formulate an early activity plan based on multi-disciplinary cooperation, and promote the proper and effective implementation of early activities in clinical practice.

Objective To investigate the correlation between incidence rate of tinnitus and noise exposure time,age,hearing condition in noise exposure workers.Methods A total of 1 985 noise exposure workers (age between 20～60 years old;working length between 1 ～30 years) in a large dockyard were randomly selected as the subject of this study with 1 831 male workers and 154 female workers in average 36.3±8.25 years old.The average noise exposure time was 9.1±6.50 years and pure tone threshold of final candidates in sound-proofed environment was evaluated (at 0.25～8 kHz).The subjects were divided into four groups according to the subjective tinnitus level:mild tinnitus,moderate tinnitus,severe tinnitus and no tinnitus to analysis the correlation among incidence rate of tinnitus and noise exposure time,age,hearing condition,etc.Results Among all 1 985 subjects enrolled the occurrence rate of tinnitus was 20.55％ (408/1 985),with 367 acquired mild tinnitus(89.95％),39 acquired moderate tinnitus (9.56％) and 2 for severe tinnitus (0.49％).Mild tinnitus and moderate tinnitus showed a multi-step raising according to noise exposure time.Mild tinnitus increased continually with age while moderate tinnitus showed an accumulation in age group over 55 years old.Female was less likely to be annoyed by tinnitus than male.Conclusion Tinnitus can be early warning of auditory damage by noise exposure;older male group with longer noise exposure time is more vulnerable to tinnitus.Tinnitus acquired in noise environment is more likely to be mild.

Objective To explore effects of strengthen pelvic floor muscle training on patients with urinary incontinence after transurethral anatomical enucleation of the prostate (TUAEP).Methods A total of 100 patients with urinary incontinence after TUAEP from October 2014 to March 2016 were randomly divided into control group and intervention group (50 respectively). Patients in control group received normal pelvic floor muscle training. Patients in intervention group received strengthen pelvic floor muscle training. Recovery of patients from urinary incontinence was analyzed using ICI-Q-SF at 1 week, 1 month and 3 months after training. Results Repeated measurement of variance analysis showed that scores of ICIQ and quality of life were significant different before and after the training in both groups (Ftime=832.918,287.139;P<0.05). Differences in scores of ICIQ and quality of life between two groups were statistically significant (Finterval=6.174,20.521;P<0.05). Measurements and interventions were not interacted (Finteraction=0.769,1.590;P>0.05). One month after training, 6 out of 50 cases (12.0%) in intervention group had urinary incontinence, while in control group 14 out of 50 cases (28.0%) had urinary incontinence. Three months after training, all the patients in intervention group recovered from urinary incontinence, while in control group 6 patients (12%) still presented urinary incontinence (P<0.05).Conclusions Strengthen pelvic floor muscle training improves the recovery of urinary incontinence in patients after TUAEP, with better effects than normal pelvic floor muscle training.