Through an analysis of the pathogenesis of cholinergic urticaria and the therapeutic principle of "treating fire constraint by dispersing it"， it is proposed that the disease is located between the sweat pore and interstitial space. The key pathogenesis lies in fire constraint in the interstitial space and stagnation of the sweat pore. The manifestation is rash due to fire-heat constrained in the interstitial space， while the root is the obstruction of qi and fluids in the sweat pore， and the transformation involves constraint fire damaging yin and entering the collaterals. Treatment should consistently follow the principle of "diffusing constraint and dissipating fire"， with staged approaches based on disease progression. In the acute stage， treatment emphasizes activating sweat pore and rapidly dispersing constraint fire through modified Shengjiang Powder （升降散）. In the remission stage， therapy should focus on harmonizing ying-wei （营卫） and clearing residual fire using modified Zhuye Shigao Decoction （竹叶石膏汤） combined with Xiaofeng Powder （消风散）. In the chronic stage， treatment should nourish yin， penetrate collaterals and clear latent fire through modified Qinghao Biejia Decoction （青蒿鳖甲汤）.

Through an analysis of the pathogenesis of cholinergic urticaria and the therapeutic principle of "treating fire constraint by dispersing it"， it is proposed that the disease is located between the sweat pore and interstitial space. The key pathogenesis lies in fire constraint in the interstitial space and stagnation of the sweat pore. The manifestation is rash due to fire-heat constrained in the interstitial space， while the root is the obstruction of qi and fluids in the sweat pore， and the transformation involves constraint fire damaging yin and entering the collaterals. Treatment should consistently follow the principle of "diffusing constraint and dissipating fire"， with staged approaches based on disease progression. In the acute stage， treatment emphasizes activating sweat pore and rapidly dispersing constraint fire through modified Shengjiang Powder （升降散）. In the remission stage， therapy should focus on harmonizing ying-wei （营卫） and clearing residual fire using modified Zhuye Shigao Decoction （竹叶石膏汤） combined with Xiaofeng Powder （消风散）. In the chronic stage， treatment should nourish yin， penetrate collaterals and clear latent fire through modified Qinghao Biejia Decoction （青蒿鳖甲汤）.

Objective:To assess the safety,effectiveness and economy of some brands and models of domestic and imported anesthesia machine in clinical application,so as to provide reference for improving the competitiveness of anesthesia machine of domestic brands.Methods:A total of 195 patients who underwent general anesthesia in surgery through used respectively domestic Mindray WATO-EX-55Pro anesthesia machine,and imported GE CS620 and GE Aelite NXT anesthesia machines at Inner Mongolia People's Hospital from January 2021 to January 2023 were selected.According to the different brands of the used anesthesia machine by the patients,they were divided into domestic Mindray WATO-EX-55Pro anesthesia machine group(Domestic group),imported GE Aelite NXT anesthesia machine group(Import group of NXT)and imported GE CS620 anesthesia machine group(Import group of 620),with 65 cases in each group.Based on the clinical application data of anesthesia machines in real-world,the actual application effects of anesthesia machines of different brands were assessed in terms of 3 aspects included effectiveness,safety and economy.Results:In the indicators about effectiveness,there was statistically significant difference in postoperative blood oxygen saturation among the Domestic group[100%(99%,100%)],Import group of NXT[99%(98%,100%)]and Import group of 620[99%(99%,100%)](Z=14.723,P<0.05).There was statistically significant difference in the different value of blood oxygen saturation between before and after surgery among three groups(Z=-1.681,P<0.05),and there was significant difference in the postoperative partial pressure of carbon dioxide(PCO2)among three groups(Z=5.574,P<0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in the other indicators of effectiveness among three groups(P>0.05).In the indicators about safety,there was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of adverse events among the three groups(P>0.05).In the indicators about economy,the total costs of anesthesia for patients were respectively 1190.00 CNY(870.00,1582.50),2650.00 CNY(2357.50,2928.75)and 2462.00 CNY(1657.50,2847.50)in the Domestic group,Import group of NXT and Import group of 620,and the difference of that among three groups was statistically significant(Z=88.825,P<0.05).Conclusion:There are not significant differences in the analyzed effectiveness and safety among the domestic anesthesia machine and the imported anesthesia machines,and domestic anesthesia machine is more economical than imported anesthesia machines,which can reduce the cost of anesthesia in surgery,and alleviate the financial burden of patients in medical expenses.

Objective:To assess the safety,effectiveness and economy of some brands and models of domestic and imported anesthesia machine in clinical application,so as to provide reference for improving the competitiveness of anesthesia machine of domestic brands.Methods:A total of 195 patients who underwent general anesthesia in surgery through used respectively domestic Mindray WATO-EX-55Pro anesthesia machine,and imported GE CS620 and GE Aelite NXT anesthesia machines at Inner Mongolia People's Hospital from January 2021 to January 2023 were selected.According to the different brands of the used anesthesia machine by the patients,they were divided into domestic Mindray WATO-EX-55Pro anesthesia machine group(Domestic group),imported GE Aelite NXT anesthesia machine group(Import group of NXT)and imported GE CS620 anesthesia machine group(Import group of 620),with 65 cases in each group.Based on the clinical application data of anesthesia machines in real-world,the actual application effects of anesthesia machines of different brands were assessed in terms of 3 aspects included effectiveness,safety and economy.Results:In the indicators about effectiveness,there was statistically significant difference in postoperative blood oxygen saturation among the Domestic group[100%(99%,100%)],Import group of NXT[99%(98%,100%)]and Import group of 620[99%(99%,100%)](Z=14.723,P<0.05).There was statistically significant difference in the different value of blood oxygen saturation between before and after surgery among three groups(Z=-1.681,P<0.05),and there was significant difference in the postoperative partial pressure of carbon dioxide(PCO2)among three groups(Z=5.574,P<0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in the other indicators of effectiveness among three groups(P>0.05).In the indicators about safety,there was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of adverse events among the three groups(P>0.05).In the indicators about economy,the total costs of anesthesia for patients were respectively 1190.00 CNY(870.00,1582.50),2650.00 CNY(2357.50,2928.75)and 2462.00 CNY(1657.50,2847.50)in the Domestic group,Import group of NXT and Import group of 620,and the difference of that among three groups was statistically significant(Z=88.825,P<0.05).Conclusion:There are not significant differences in the analyzed effectiveness and safety among the domestic anesthesia machine and the imported anesthesia machines,and domestic anesthesia machine is more economical than imported anesthesia machines,which can reduce the cost of anesthesia in surgery,and alleviate the financial burden of patients in medical expenses.

African swine fever(ASF)is an acute and highly pathogenic hemorrhagic disease of pigs,causing huge economic losses to pig industry.In order to quantitatively detect clinical samples of ASF and inactivated ASFV antigens,the IgG of ASF positive serum was used as capture anti-body and the HRP-labeled p72 monoclonal antibody was used as detecting antibody.The standard curve was drawn with the cell-cultured ASFV,and a sandwich ELISA detection of antigen was es-tablished.The specificity,sensitivity and stability of the method were evaluated.The effects of dif-ferent inactivation methods and adjuvant addition on antigen detection were further evaluated.The results showed that the minimum detection limits of the recombinant protein and the ASFV were 0.1 mg/L and 103.7 TCID50/mL,respectively.There was no cross-reaction with five common porcine pathogenic viruses,and the coefficient variations between batches was less than 10％.The total co-incidence rate with real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR was 92％(23/25).The sensitivity of antigen detection was significantly reduced when antigen was treated by BEI inactivation,and the detection results were severely interfered by aluminum adjuvant and nano-adjuvant.In summary,the sandwich ELISA antigen detection method established is specific,sensitive,and repeatable,with a good consistency to the qPCR method,which provides an effective clinical diagnostic meth-od for ASFV antigen.

Objective To investigate the involvement of calmodulin(CaM)in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer disease(AD)and the mechanism by which CaM binds to amyloid-β(Aβ).Methods The hub genes expressed in AD and predicted to be the target proteins for AD prevention and treatment were obtained using bioinformatics methods.The GST-Aβ1-42 recombinant plasmid was constructed through genetic recombination and was then sequenced.The recombinant plasmids were identified using agarose gel electrophoresis,while the extracted and purified GST-Aβ1-42 fusion protein was confirmed using SDS-PAGE gel electrophoresis.GST pull-down assay was used to detect the interaction between GST-Aβ1-42 protein and CaM,expressed in the plasmid.Results The top 20 hub genes in degree ranking were obtained.The DNA sequencing results of the plasmid proved that the recombinant plasmid was successfully constructed.The agarose gel electrophoresis results indicated that the fragment digested by the enzyme was similar to the molecular weight of the Aβ1-42 gene seg-ments,further proving the successful construction of the recombinant plasmid.Binding of GST-Aβ1-42 protein to CaM in a concentration dependent manner was revealed through the GST pull down experiment.Conclusion The GST-Aβ1-42 recombinant plasmid is success-fully constructed and is shown to bind to CaM.

Objective To clarify the anti-inflammatory quality markers(Q-markers)of Salvia plebeia and determine their contents,so as to provide a reference for the quality control of Salvia plebeia.Methods The main components of Salvia plebeia were characterized by high-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry(UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS).According to the fragmentation information of the secondary mass spectrometry and the literature data,the analysis and identification were carried out.Further,the active components with high oral bioavailability(OB)and in line with the five principles of drug-like(DL)were screened from the identified chemical components through the SwissADME platform.The SwissTargetPrediction database was used to find and predict the component targets of Salvia plebeia.Disease targets were screened through online Mendelian Inheritance in Man(OMIM),GeneCards database,etc.String11.5 database and Cytoscape3.7.2 software were used to construct the PPI network and screen core targets.Gene Ontology(GO)annotation and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis were performed using DAVID6.8,and the enriched pathways were verified by experiments to clarify their mechanism of action.Reverse traceability was used to analyze the potential pharmacodynamic material basis of key pathways,experimental verification was carried out,and high-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC)content determination method was established.Results 36 main components were identified,including flavonoids and terpenoids.Further screening of 190 active ingredients and disease intersection targets;through network topology screening,18 core targets were obtained;enrichment analysis showed that the primary pathways involved in the anti-inflammatory effect of Salvia plebeia include:NF-κB signaling pathway,PI3K-Akt signaling pathway and TNF signaling pathway.Four related components including homoplantaginin,hispidulin,luteolin and isorhamnetin were obtained by reverse traceability of the NF-κB signaling pathway.Molecular docking demonstrated excellent docking activities of the 4 components to PTGS2 with the binding energies of-9.5,-9.7,-9.4,and-9.4 kcal·mol-1,respectively.According to the measurability of quality markers,it was determined that homoplantaginin and hispidulin could be used as anti-inflammatory quality markers of Salvia plebeia.Western Blot results showed that homoplantaginin and hispidulin could significantly reduce the expression of COX-2 and NF-κB p-p65(P<0.05,P<0.01).Conclusion The anti-inflammatory quality markers of Salvia plebeia are homoplantaginin and hispidulin,which can exert anti-inflammatory effects through the NF-κB pathway.

Objective:To explore the effects of anterior temporal lobectomy on the mini-mental state examination (MMSE) score, memory of patients with intractable temporal lobe epilepsy.Methods:104 patients with refractory temporal lobe epilepsy admitted to our hospital from June 2013 to June 2019 were selected, of which 68 cases were treated surgically as the observation group and 36 cases were treated medically as the control group. MMSE score, memory and social functions were compared between the two groups.Results:The total effective rate of the observation group was 95.59%, which was significantly higher than 83.33% of the control group ( P<0.05). The MMSE score of the observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group at 1 month and 6 months after treatment ( P<0.05); the MMSE score of the control group at 6 months after treatment was significantly higher than that before treatment ( P<0.05). Six months after treatment, performance intelligence quotient (PIQ), verbal intelligence quotient (VIQ) and full intelligence quotient (FIQ) in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group ( P<0.05), and there was significant difference between the two groups ( P<0.05). The memory quotient (MQ) of observation group was lower than that of control group 1 month after treatment ( P<0.05), and higher than that of control group six months after treatment ( P<0.05). Six months after treatment, the scores of social function and comprehensive quality of life in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group ( P<0.05), and there were significant differences between the two groups ( P<0.05). There were 4 cases of complications in the observation group after treatment, all of them improved after drug treatment, without other serious complications. Conclusions:Anterior temporal lobectomy is effective in the treatment of refractory temporal lobe epilepsy, it can improve cognitive and memory functions and social behavior function of patients, and has less complications after operation, with certain clinical application value.

Objective To investigate the correlation between incidence rate of tinnitus and noise exposure time,age,hearing condition in noise exposure workers.Methods A total of 1 985 noise exposure workers (age between 20～60 years old;working length between 1 ～30 years) in a large dockyard were randomly selected as the subject of this study with 1 831 male workers and 154 female workers in average 36.3±8.25 years old.The average noise exposure time was 9.1±6.50 years and pure tone threshold of final candidates in sound-proofed environment was evaluated (at 0.25～8 kHz).The subjects were divided into four groups according to the subjective tinnitus level:mild tinnitus,moderate tinnitus,severe tinnitus and no tinnitus to analysis the correlation among incidence rate of tinnitus and noise exposure time,age,hearing condition,etc.Results Among all 1 985 subjects enrolled the occurrence rate of tinnitus was 20.55％ (408/1 985),with 367 acquired mild tinnitus(89.95％),39 acquired moderate tinnitus (9.56％) and 2 for severe tinnitus (0.49％).Mild tinnitus and moderate tinnitus showed a multi-step raising according to noise exposure time.Mild tinnitus increased continually with age while moderate tinnitus showed an accumulation in age group over 55 years old.Female was less likely to be annoyed by tinnitus than male.Conclusion Tinnitus can be early warning of auditory damage by noise exposure;older male group with longer noise exposure time is more vulnerable to tinnitus.Tinnitus acquired in noise environment is more likely to be mild.

Objective: To compare the feasibility and efficacy of attempted underwater endoscopic mucosal resection(EMR) with conventional EMR for colorectal sessile or flat tumors. Methods: A total of 120 colorectal tumors of 5 to 30 mm in size were removed using underwater EMR or conventional EMR. En bloc resection rates of the two groups were retrospectively analyzed. Results: Underwater EMR was performed on 53 colorectal sessile/flat tumors with the median size of 22 mm, and conventional EMR was performed on 67 tumors of the same median size. The overall en bloc resection rate of the underwater EMR group was higher than that of the conventional EMR group(81.1% VS 59.7%, P=0.012). The subgroup analysis showed en bloc resection rates of Paris 0-Ⅱa tumor (76.7% VS 50.0%, P=0.035) and those located at the inaccessible regions (100.0% VS 42.9%, P=0.004) were higher than that of conventional EMR. Neither postoperative bleeding nor perforation occurred in the two groups. Residual adenoma was found in 1 patient in underwater EMR group and 2 in the conventional EMR group, respectively(P=0.712). Conclusion Underwater EMR with prior submucosal injection appears superior to conventional EMR for the removal of colorectal sessile or flat Paris 0-Ⅰs/Ⅱa tumors of less than 3 cm in size in the rate of complete endoscopic resection and defect closure.