Objective To investigate the value of serum tumor markers in the diagnosis of lung cancer.Methods A total of 138 patients with newly diagnosed lung cancer patient(lung cancer group)and 52 patients with benign lung diseases(control group)in Anhui NO.2 Provincial People's Hospital from June 2020 to March 2024 were selected as the research objects.The clinical data and serum tumor markers[neuron-specific enolase(NSE),cytokeratin 19 fragment(CYFRA21-1),carcinoembryonic antigen(CEA),Pro-gastrin-relea-sing peptide(ProGRP)and squamous cell carcinoma antigen(SCC)]of all groups were compared.Results There were significant differences in age and smoking history between the two groups(P＜0.05).The serum levels of NSE,CYFRA21-1,CEA,ProGRP and SCC in lung cancer group were significantly higher than those in control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P＜0.05).The results of binary Logistic regression analysis showed that smoking history,age,CYFRA21-1 and CEA levels were all influen-cing factors for the occurrence of lung cancer(P＜0.05).Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve analy-sis results showed that the area under the curve(AUC)of smoking history,age,CEA and CYFRA21-1 in the combined diagnosis of lung cancer was 0.906(95％CI:0.865-0.947),which was higher than the AUC for the individual diagnosis of each index.The levels of serum CYFR21-1 and CEA in the stage Ⅰ—Ⅱ group were significantly lower than those in the stage Ⅲ-Ⅳ group,and the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05).The results of binary Logistic regression analysis showed that CYFRA21-1 and CEA levels were influ-ential factors in the occurrence of lung cancer stage Ⅲ-Ⅳ(P＜0.05).ROC curve analysis showed that the AUC of CEA and CYFRA21-1 for the diagnosis of lung cancer stage Ⅲ-Ⅳ were 0.750(95％CI:0.667-0.832)and 0.771(95％CI:0.691-0.852),respectively.The AUC of combined diagnosis was 0.834(95％CI:0.765-0.902),the sensitivity was 58.9％,and the specificity was 95.3％.Conclusion Smoking history,age,CEA,and CYFRA21-1 may be potential biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of lung cancer,espe-cially CEA and CYFRA21-1,which are also of great significance for the staging of lung cancer from stage Ⅲ to stage Ⅳ.

Objective:To compare the early therapeutic effects of internal fixation with percutaneous minimally invasive hollow nail assisted by electromagnetic navigation robot and guided by C-arm in the treatment of Tile type C pelvic fracture.Methods:A retrospective cohort study was conducted to analyze the clinical data of 32 patients with Tile type C pelvic fracture admitted to Weihai Central Hospital from January 2020 to March 2022, including 18 males and 14 females; aged 36-60 years [(44.1±3.9)years]. Among them, 17 patients were treated with internal fixation with percutaneous minimally invasive hollow nail assisted by electromagnetic navigation robot (electromagnetic navigation group), and 15 with internal fixation with percutaneous minimally invasive hollow nail guided by C-arm (C-arm guidance group). Operative time, intraoperative blood loss, sacroiliac screw placement time, pubic branch screw placement time, ambulation time and fracture healing time were compared between the two groups. Visual analog scale (VAS), Majeed function score and complication rate at 1 day, 6 months, 12 months after surgery and at the last follow-up were compared between the two groups.Results:All the patients were followed up for 12-24 months [(15.4±0.5)months]. The operative time and intraoperative blood loss in the electromagnetic navigation group were (42.0±2.5)minutes and (10.9±2.6)ml, shorter or less than (50.0±3.5)minutes and (14.9±3.1)ml in the C-arm guidance group (all P<0.01). The placement time of sacroiliac screw and pubic branch screw in the electromagnetic navigation group was (12.4±0.2)minutes and (10.1±0.3)minutes, shorter than (15.3±0.3)minutes and (13.2±0.3)minutes in the C-arm guidance group (all P<0.01). The ambulation time was (3.2±0.4)weeks in the electromagnetic navigation group, earlier than (3.5±0.4)weeks in the C-arm guidance group ( P<0.05). There was no significant difference in fracture healing time between the two groups ( P>0.05). VAS scores of the electromagnetic navigation group were (4.4±0.3)points and (1.1±0.1)points at 1 day and 6 months after surgery respectively, lower than those of the C-arm guidance group [(4.8±0.4)points and (1.2±0.3)points] ( P<0.05 or 0.01). Majeed function scores of the electromagnetic navigation group were (37.3±1.1)points and (88.5±1.4)points at 1 day and 6 months after surgery respectively, higher than those of the C-arm guidance group [(30.7±4.2)points and (82.6±1.8)points] (all P<0.01). There were no significant differences in VAS and Majeed scores at 12 months after surgery and at the last follow-up between the two groups (all P>0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidence of postoperative complications between the two groups ( P>0.05). Conclusion:Compared with C-arm guidance, electromagnetic navigation robot-assisted internal fixation with percutaneous minimally invasive hollow nail for Tile type C pelvic fracture can reduce operative time and intraoperative blood loss, shorten screw placement time and ambulation time, relieve pain and improve functional recovery at early stage.

Objective:To investigate the relationship between the positive surgical margin and clinical factors such as neoadjuvant hormonal therapy after robot-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (RARP) in high-risk patients with prostate cancer.Methods:The clinical data of 164 patients with high-risk prostate cancer being performed RARP by one surgeon were analyzed retrospectively in our hospital from January 2016 to January 2022. The mean patient’s age was (65.3±6.2) years old, mean body mass index (BMI) was (25.6±3.0) kg/m 2, the median value of total prostate specific antigen (tPSA) before operation was 18.6(11.3, 31.3)ng/ml, the median value of Gleason score before operation was 7 (7, 8), the median value of prostate volume was 29.3 (22.4, 40.2) ml, and the clinical stage was T 2aN 0M 0-T 4N 0M 0. 80 patients with prostate cancer were treated with neoadjuvant endocrine therapy. All of them were treated with complete androgen blockade with a median course of 3 months. Univariate analysis was used to analyze the correlation between age, BMI, prostate volume, neoadjuvant hormonal therapy, preoperative tPSA, clinical stage, Gleason score before operation and positive surgical margin. Then multivariate logistic regression was used to further analyze the independent risk factor of positive surgical margin after RARP. Results:The postoperative pathological diagnosis included pT 2 stage in 111 cases (67.7%), pT 3a stage in 15 cases (9.1%), pT 3b stage in 25 cases (15.2%), pT 4 stage in 13 cases (7.9%). No lymph node metastasis was noticed in all patients. The Gleason scores included 6 in 11 cases (6.7%), 3+ 4 in 26 cases (15.9%), 4+ 3 in 36 cases (22.0%), 8 in 17 cases (10.4%), 9-10 in 24 cases (14.6%), un-evaluation due to endocrine therapy in 50 (30.5%). The positive surgical margin of high-risk patients with prostate cancer was 44.5% (73/164). Univariate analysis showed that the neoadjuvant hormonal therapy, tPSA and clinical stage were correlated with positive surgical margin ( P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that non-neoadjuvant hormonal therapy, preoperative tPSA>20ng/ml and clinical stage>T 2b were independent risk factors for positive surgical margin of high-risk patients with prostate cancer. Stratified analysis showed that when the preoperative tPSA was 10-20 ng/ml(21.1% vs.55.9%, P=0.014), the clinical stage was T 2c(29.6% vs.49.1%, P=0.040), the Gleason score before operation was 7(19.4% vs.54.1%, P=0.003), the positive surgical margin of high-risk patients in the neoadjuvant hormonal therapy group was significantly lower than that in the non-neoadjuvant hormonal therapy group ( P<0.05). Conclusions:Non-neoadjuvant hormonal therapy, preoperative tPSA>20 ng/ml and clinical stage>T 2b were independent risk factors for positive surgical margin of RARP in the high-risk patients with prostate cancer. For high-risk patients with preoperative tPSA of 10-20 ng/ml, clinical stage of T 2c and Gleason score before operation of 7, neoadjuvant hormonal therapy has important clinical significance in reducing the positive surgical margin of RARP.

Objective:To investigate the role of indocyanine green(ICG) fluorescence imaging in laparoscopic anterior resection for rectal cancer.Methods:A retrospective analysis was performed on 7 patients who had undergone laparoscopic anterior resection with the use of ICG fluorescence imaging at Peking University People′s Hospital between Oct 2018 and Mar 2019. The clinicopathological variables, surgical factors, short-term outcome and complications were analyzed.Results:The median operation time was 185 min. The median estimated blood loss was 50 ml. The median time from ICG injection to anastomotic perfusion was 45 s. One patient received extended proximal resection of bowel due to poor perfusion as suggested by ICG imaging. The median time to soft diet was 4 days, and the median hospital stay was 8 days. The median number of lymph nodes harvested was 16. There were no major complications in all these patients. No adverse events related to ICG were recorded.Conclusions:ICG fluorescence imaging was safe and effective in detecting insufficient blood supply around newly established bowel anastomsis, hence potentially reducing the anastomotic leakage rate.

Objective To summarize and analyze the clinical characteristics,pathological features and follow-up data of patients with pulmonary lymphaugitic carcinomatosis(PLC) caused by gastric cancer.Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on 7 cases of gastric cancer with pulmonary carcinomatosis in Peking University People's Hospital between Jan 2000 and Dec 2017.Results 7 patients were identified from our database.All patients were female,with an average age of (54 ± 18) years.4 patients were treated with respiratory symptoms and 3 patients presented with gastrointestinal symptoms.One patient received gastrectomy,one did chemotherapy,5 patients had other site metastasis,one was still alive at the end of follow up.Patients average survival time was (4.8 ± 4.0) months.Conclusions Pulmonary lymphatic carcinomatosis caused by gastric cancer is rare clinical entity and the prognosis is poor.Patients often present with respiratory symptoms.Chest CT showed diffusely nodular thickening of interlobular septa and peribronchovascular interstitium.Biopsy of the gastric tumor often establish the diagnosis.

Objective To investigate the effect of pedicle screw augmentation with bone cement perfusion on the long segment fixation and fusion in the elderly patients with spinal deformity treated by osteotomy.Methods The cohort data of the older patients aged ≥70 years with spinal kyphosis were retrospectively analyzed in Beijing Hospital,Department of Orthopedic Surgery,Division of Spine Surgery from January 2012 to June 2014.32 cases with complete clinical date were included in this study.The kyphosis of all patients was secondary to thoracolumbar osteoporotic compression fracture.All patients were treated by posterior thoracolumbar spinal osteotomy with long segment fixation and fusion.The patients with fusions including sacral vertebral body fusion or the T score of BMD were less than-5 were excluded.Some patients with neurological compression symptoms also underwent selective decompression in spinal canal and nerve root foramen.All patients were divided into two groups:with (n=14)versus without(n=18)screw augmentation with bone cement perfusion(augmentation vs.non-augmentation/control group).The follow-up time was no less than 12 months.The data of age,gender,operative time,blood loss volume and preoperative bone mineral density were compared between two groups.Cobb angle of postoperative spinal surgery region,lordosis angle of postoperative lumbar,VAS and ODI improvement were analyzed.Data of surgical fixation and fusion segments were recorded.Pedicle screw loosening was compared between two groups.Results In the augmentation group,the pedicle screw loosening didn't occur.But control group showed screw loosening in 7 cases,a euphoric zone around screw in 4 cases,pedicle screw pullout in 2 cases,and vertebral cutting phenomenon with euphotic zone around screw in 1 case.There were no significant differences in ODI improvement rate and surgical satisfaction between the two groups.Conclusions When operative procedures of surgeon are in precision and skillful,bone cement augmentation technique for pedicle screw can reduce the occurrence of pedicle screw loosening in older patients during osteotomy and long segment fixation and fusion operation for spinal kyphosis.

Objective To investigate the surgical curative effect of long-segment fixation and fusion on the degenerative scoliosis (DS) in the elderly.Methods The clinical data of 27 patients with DS undergoing surgical treatment from January 2011 to December 2013 in our department in Beijing Hospital were retrospectively analyzed.All patients suffered from degenerative scoliosis accompanied with lumbar canal stenosis, lumbar spondylolisthesis, lumbar vertebrae lateral slip in coronal surface, spinal vertebral rotation deformity and kyphosis.The decompression osteotomy and fixed segment, blood loss volume and operation time were recorded.The differences in scoliosis angle (Cobb angle), lumbar lordotic angle, top vertebral rotation degree (Nash-Moe vertebral rotation grade), apical vertebral offset distance, visual analogue scale (VAS) score and Oswestry disability index (ODI) score were compared between pretreatment versus the last follow-up.Results The selective 1-5 segment decompression and 5-10 segment fusion were selected in a total of 27 patients.Some patients were treated with Smith-Petersen osteotomy (SPO).All of 27 cases were treated with a lamina and inter-transverse fusion, among which 25 cases took inter-vertebral fusion additionally.The time of postoperative follow-up was more than 1 year.The Cobb angle, lumbar lordotic angle, apical vertebral offset distance, VAS and ODI scores were improved after treatment as compared with pretreatment [(11 6) vs.35 6 , (32±10) vs.(17±9) , (16.3±8.2) mm vs.(32.2±9.8) mm, (3.3±1.6) vs.(7.3±2.1), (18±14) vs.(33±14), t=2.469, 2.313, 2.331, 2.362, 2.395, P=0.021, 0.030, 0.029, 0.026, 0.023 respectively].The satisfaction survey result was excellent in 19cases, good in 5 cases, fair in 3 cases.Complications were found in 9 patients, among whom 2 cases had screw loosening in the internal fixation, 2 cases had adjacent segment degeneration, 1 case had pulmonary infection, 1 case had urinary tract infection, 2 eases had spinal fluid leakage, 1 case had epidural hematoma.No serious complications and deaths were observed.Conclusions Under strictly controlling the therapeutic indications, the limited decompression and long-segmental fixation and fusion have good therapeutic efficacy on degenerative scoliosis in elderly patients.

OBJECTIVETo compare the safety and efficacy between extralevator abdominoperineal excision(ELAPE) and traditional abdominoperineal excision(APE) in patients with low rectal cancer.

METHODSFrom January 2011 to December 2013, 61 patients undergoing abdominoperineal excision for low rectal cancer at the Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Peking University People's Hospital were enrolled. The safety and efficacy of two procedure groups, ELAPE group (33 patients) and traditional APE group (28 patients) were reviewed retrospectively.

RESULTSLess intraoperative blood loss [(201 ± 147) ml vs. (343 ± 308) ml, P=0.022], shorter exhaust time [(3.8 ± 1.5) d vs. (4.6 ± 1.6) d, P=0.039] and lower perineal wound complication rate (9.1% vs. 25.0%, P=0.042) were observed in the ELAPE group as compared to the traditional APE group. However, longer operation time [(292 ± 46) min vs. (256 ± 28) min, P=0.008] and perineal drainage removal time [(11.1 ± 4.8) d vs. (7.1 ± 2.7) d, P<0.01] were noted in the ELAPE group than those in the traditional APE group. Number of lymph node retrieved and positive lymph node retrieved was not significantly different between two groups. The ELAPE group had lower rate of IOP (intraoperative perforation) (6.1% vs. 17.9%, P=0.055), but no significant difference was found. There were no significant differences in bowel movement, diet restoring time, average perineal drainage, postoperative hospitalization time and removing perineal stitches time between the two groups (all P>0.05).

CONCLUSIONELAPE possesses less intraoperative blood loss and lower perineal wound complication rate than traditional APE. ELAPE is associated with better safety and efficacy than traditional APE.

Objective To evaluate application feasibility of Array CGH in genetic diagnosis of clinical complex chromosomal abnormalities.Methods Two patients of genetic counseling and two patients of prenatal diagnosis were selected from Xiamen Maternity & Child Health Care Hospital during the period of December 2010 to December 2011.Under aseptic conditions 2-4 ml peripheral blood was collected in EDTA and 2-3 ml Cord Blood was collected through cordocentesis after genetic counseling and preoperative examination.G-banded chromosome analysis and genome DNA extraction were carried out on the four cases.The whole genome of four cases were scanned and analyzed by Array CGH.The results of Array CGH were confirmed by FISH.Results Array CGH detected different kinds of duplications and deletions in several chromosomes.Most of these duplications and deletions were not detected by karyotype analysis.The results of Array CGH showed duplication of 4p16.3-4p15.31,deletion of 4p16.3 in the first case,duplication of Xp11.22-Xq11.1 in the second case,duplication of 4p16.3-4p15.32,deletion of 2q37.3 in the third case and duplication of 2q21.2-2q32.1,deletion of 2q14.3-2q21.1 in the fourth case.These duplications and deletions were confirmed by FISH.Conclusions Compared with conventional cytogenetic analysis,Array CGH can not only accurately detect micro deletion and micro duplication with high resolution and sensitivity but also identify breakpoints precisely.Array CGH can provide the basis for clinical genetic diagnosis.

Currently, exogenous gene expression system based on retroviral vector has been widely used as efficient gene expression system in both gene therapeutic research and RNA interference. In this study, we evaluated the efficiency of exogenous gene expression mediated by the retroviral vector in mammalian cells. First, we constructed EGFP (enhanced green fluorescent protein) vector using pcDNA3.1(+) and retroviral vector pQCXIN as backbone vector respectively. Then, we transfected or infected HEK293 cells and CHO-K1 cells with above vector or corresponding retroviral virus, and measured the relative fluorescence intensity (RFI) of EGFP. The results showed that the RFI of the retroviral virus-infected cells was two times higher than that of the plasmid-transfected cells. Further experiments revealed repeated virus infection enhanced the expression of EGFP markedly, with RFI increasing twice after four rounds of virus infection. Furthermore, the EGFP expression in HEK293 cells mediated by the retroviral vector was more stable than transfected with plasmid pcDNA3.1(+). Finally, we further validated the efficiency of exogenous gene expression system based on the retroviral vector by expressing recombinant human activated protein C (rhAPC) in HEK293 cells. We obtained HEK293 cell lines with rhAPC expression between 10 and 15 microg/(10(6) cells d). In conclusion, the exogenous gene expression system based on the retroviral vector is an alternative method for the generation of stable and high-expressing mammalian cell lines.
Animals ; CHO Cells ; Cricetinae ; Genetic Vectors ; genetics ; Green Fluorescent Proteins ; genetics ; HEK293 Cells ; Humans ; Protein C ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; RNA Interference ; Recombinant Proteins ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Retroviridae ; genetics ; metabolism ; Transfection