BACKGROUND:In recent years,functional near-infrared spectroscopy has shown extensive research significance and application potential in the fields of cognitive neuroscience,clinical medicine,and engineering technology due to its portability,low cost,non-invasiveness,and high temporal resolution.OBJECTIVE:To analyze the research progress,hot issues,and frontier trends of functional near-infrared spectroscopy in the past 10 years.METHODS:Web of Science database was searched for articles related to functional near-infrared spectroscopy published from January 1,2013 to November 30,2023.CiteSpace and VOSviewer software was used to conduct a visual analysis of publication statistics,journals,countries,institutions,authors,and keywords.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:This article included a total of 2 714 documents,showing an overall upward trend in the volume of literature concerning functional near-infrared spectroscopy over the past decade.The 2 714 documents selected for this article were authored by 9 171 researchers from 2 400 institutions across 68 countries in 495 kinds of journals.The United States and University College London are representative countries and institutions,while Ehlis and Fallgatter are two influential authors in this research field.The journal NeuroImage ranks first with the highest citation rate.Functional near-infrared spectroscopy research primarily comes from University College London in the UK,Beijing Normal University in China,and the University of Tübingen in Germany.The keyword co-occurrence network map generated using VOSviewer 1.6.20 reveals six research clusters.By analyzing the specific keywords of each cluster,we further understand the research hotspots in this field.The burst analysis of keywords uncovers the research frontiers and development trends,providing important guidance for future research directions of functional near-infrared spectroscopy.

BACKGROUND:In recent years,functional near-infrared spectroscopy has shown extensive research significance and application potential in the fields of cognitive neuroscience,clinical medicine,and engineering technology due to its portability,low cost,non-invasiveness,and high temporal resolution.OBJECTIVE:To analyze the research progress,hot issues,and frontier trends of functional near-infrared spectroscopy in the past 10 years.METHODS:Web of Science database was searched for articles related to functional near-infrared spectroscopy published from January 1,2013 to November 30,2023.CiteSpace and VOSviewer software was used to conduct a visual analysis of publication statistics,journals,countries,institutions,authors,and keywords.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:This article included a total of 2 714 documents,showing an overall upward trend in the volume of literature concerning functional near-infrared spectroscopy over the past decade.The 2 714 documents selected for this article were authored by 9 171 researchers from 2 400 institutions across 68 countries in 495 kinds of journals.The United States and University College London are representative countries and institutions,while Ehlis and Fallgatter are two influential authors in this research field.The journal NeuroImage ranks first with the highest citation rate.Functional near-infrared spectroscopy research primarily comes from University College London in the UK,Beijing Normal University in China,and the University of Tübingen in Germany.The keyword co-occurrence network map generated using VOSviewer 1.6.20 reveals six research clusters.By analyzing the specific keywords of each cluster,we further understand the research hotspots in this field.The burst analysis of keywords uncovers the research frontiers and development trends,providing important guidance for future research directions of functional near-infrared spectroscopy.

OBJECTIVE To explore the practice mode of cough and asthma pharmacy clinic in Affiliates Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University, School of Medicine. METHODS To set up a cough and asthma pharmacy clinic, equipped with corresponding hardware and software facilities, and establish a cough and asthma pharmaceutical care mode. From December 1, 2020 to August 31, 2022, 2 357 patients in the hospital cough and asthma pharmacy clinic were collected, and their general data were analyzed. The patients learned by themselves according to the inhalation video, and then were guided by pharmacists to evaluate the differences in the use skills of patients before and after the intervention of pharmacists. The 345 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease who were treated in the cough and asthma pharmacy clinic from December 1, 2020 to July 31, 2021 were collected. They were divided into 30 d follow-up group(n=173) and 15 d follow-up group(n=172) according to the blind sampling method. The score difference of Morisky medication Compliance Scale(MMAS-8) at 1, 3, 6 and 12 months of follow-up was compared. RESULTS Among 2 357 patients, 1 213(51.46%) were males and 1 144(48.54%) were females, 1 309 cases(55.54%) aged ≥60 years old, 563 cases(23.89%) aged 40-59 years old, 402 cases(17.06%) aged 20-39 years old, 32 cases(1.36%) aged 14-20 years old, and 51 cases(2.16%) aged＜14 years old. The main diseases of the patients were chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(55.38%) and asthma(20.73%). Budesonide and Formoterol Fumarate powder for inhalation(37.08%) and Budesonide, Glycopyrronium Bromide and Formoterol Fumarate Inhalation Aerosol(25.84%) were frequently used. On the basis of patients' video teaching, pharmacists' mastery of inhaler use skills was better than that of patients' self-learning through video. The score before intervention was 5.360±1.208 and that after intervention was 7.890±0.356. There was significant difference between the two groups(P＜0.05). At a month of follow-up, the MMAS-8 score of the 15-day follow-up group was 6.310±1.079. The MMAS-8 score of the 30 d follow-up group was 5.250±0.977, there was a significant difference between the two groups(P＜0.05), but there was no significant difference in the MMAS-8 score of the two groups at 3, 6, 12-month follow-up. CONCLUSION The establishment of cough and asthma pharmacy clinic promotes the integration of pharmacy and respiratory clinical discipline, and improves the medication compliance of patients.

Objective To investigate the the operative time of two stage soft ureteroscope lithotripsy for hemorrhagic embolism after percutaneous nephrolithotomy(PCNL).Methods The clinical data of 1 patient with massive hemorrhage after PCNL who treated with superselective renal artery embolization and ureteral soft lens were analyzed.Results The patient with postoperative bleeding after PCNL was treated with superselective renal artery branch embolization,after 30d embolization,the holmium laser lithotripsy under the soft ureteroscope for ureteral calculi was performed,and the renal pelvis mucosa smooth,no bleeding and scar formation were intraoperative visible.After operation,the stone was removed basically,and the double J tube was removed 2 weeks after operation.The patient had no special discomfort and the renal function was normal.Conclusion Postoperative 14-30d is a relatively safe time to perform flexible ureteroscopic lithotripsy for super selective renal artery embolization in the treatment of patient with massive hemorrhage after PCNL.

Objective To investigate the empathy of obstetric nurses and the related factors.Methods Chinese Version of the Jefferson Scale of Empathy was used to investigate the empathy of 80 obstetric nurses in our hospital and the related factors.Results The score on empathy of obstetric nurses was 65~137,averaged 108.87±10.62 and ranked at the medium level.The empathy was mainly influenced by whether the nurses had studied the empathy-related courses and the satisfaction with their occupation and working environment.Conclusion The empathy of obstetric nurses is at the medium level.Their empathy is mainly influenced by whether the nurses have studied the empathy-related courses and the satisfaction of their occupation and working environment.In addition to promote the training,the nursing manager should improve the satisfaction of the occupation and working environment.

Objective To explore the difference between T cells in the synovial fluid and peripheral blood in patients with rheumatoid arthritis(RA). Method Samples from 22 patients were studied. The differentiation and activation markers expressed on T cell surface were detected by immunofluorscence using flow cytometer. The specific proliferation of collagen Ⅱ and heat shock protein 70 was analyzed using standard 3H-TdR incorporation method. Restricted V beta usage of these T cell was analyzed by semi-quantitied RT-PCR. Results The majority of the T cell subsets in the synovial fluid were demonstrated to be CD4 and CD8 positive cells in which (40?10)% were CD4 positive and (36?16)% were CD8 T cells respectively. The ratio between CD4 and CD8 was much lower than that found in the PBL of RA patients. The percentage of CD3+/CD25+ T cells was (16?6)%. The specific proliferation of collagen Ⅱ and HSP70 to CD3+/CD25+ T cell was higher than that of CD3+/CD25+ negative T cells. The T cell receptor expressed on the T cells from both peripheral blood and synovial fluid were tested for ?? TCR (70?26)%. However, the T cells in the synovial fluid showed V?14,16 and 17 restriction. Conclusion The data here reported indicates that T cell subsets in the synovial fluid and peripheral blood circulation in patients with rheumatoid arthritis are different. The T cells in the synovial fluid demonstrates more activation and higher reactivation to collagen Ⅱ and HSP70. The TCR of T cells showes V?14,16 and 17 restriction.

Objective　To evaluate the therapeutic efficiency of reversed lamellar keratoplasty for bullous keratopathy, Terrien's marginal degeneration and ocular chemical burns.Methods　Twenty eyes of patients with bullous keratopathy, twelve eyes with Terrien's marginal degeneration, ten eyes with chemical burns were recruited in this study.Diseased tissues were removed by means of dissection.Reversed lamellae corneal tissues which had been prepared by cryopreservation were thawed and rinsed. Then the prepared posterior corneal lamellae was turned over, endothelium facing upwards. The diameter of the graft should be 0.5～1.0mm larger than that of the recipient bed. The reversed donor posterior lamellae was sutured into the host keratectomy bed with 10-0 nylon sutures continuously or interruptedly.Results　Allograft reaction episode occurred only one (chemical burn) of the total 42 eyes enrolled.The grafts of the rest 41 eyes maintained clear or semitransparent for 1～5 years. Graft edema could be observed within 2～4 weeks postoperatively. Postoperative interface separation was not found. For all 20 patients with bullous keratopathy, the symptoms of pain disappeared. The visual acuity improved 2～3 lines of Snellen among eleven of twelve patients with Terrien's marginal degeneration. The visual acuity improved 2～3 lines of Snellen with four patients with chemical burns.Conclusion　The technique of reversed lamellar keratoplasty can be applied successfully for tectonic reconstruction of corneal surface such as bullous keratopathy, Terrien' s marginal degeneration and also chemical burns.The effects of therapy was satisfactory.