Objective To establish a rapid on-site detection method for detecting formaldehyde in workplace air using the length detector tube method. Methods The length detector tube was applied to detect the level of formaldehyde in workplace air. Performance indicators, including accuracy, precision, stability, and interference susceptibility, of the method were validated. Results The formaldehyde length detector tube can determine formaldehyde mass concentrations ranging from 0.05 to 4.00 mg/m³ at 25 ℃, covering 0.5 to 2.0 times the occupational exposure limit for formaldehyde (0.50 mg/m³). Under conditions of 10 to 35 ℃ and relative humidity <80.00%, the average recovery was 93.33%-101.67%, and all the within-run method ranges from -21.67% to 20.00%, and all the relative standard deviations were <10.00%. The average decrease rate of formaldehyde in gas bags within 24 hours ranged from -8.33% to 8.33%. Common coexisting substances in workplaces, such as methanol, benzene, toluene, hydrogen chloride, and nitrogen dioxide, did not interfere with the measurements. However, aldehydes and ketones might cause overestimation. Conclusion The formaldehyde length detector tube method demonstrates high accuracy and specificity for detecting formaldehyde in air, making it suitable for rapid monitoring of formaldehyde in workplace air.

Objective: To investigate the knowledge, attitudes, practices (KAP) and the situation of home blood pressure monitoring (HBPM) among hypertension patients in rural areas of Shanghai Municipality, so as to provide a basis for enhancing blood pressure management in this population. Methods: From June to October 2021, hypertension patients under management in Luodian Town and Luojing Town of rural areas of Shanghai Municipality were selected as survey subjects using a multistage random sampling method. Demographic information, KAP related to hypertension, and HBPM status were collected through questionnaire surveys. Patients were categorized into short disease duration (≤5 years), medium disease duration (6-10 years), and long disease duration (≥11 years) groups. KAP and HBPM status across different disease duration groups were analyzed statistically. Results: A total of 2 894 hypertensive patients were surveyed, including 1 317 (45.51%) males and 1 577 (54.49%) females. The median age was 69.00 (interquartile range, 10.00) years. There were 610 cases with short disease duration, accounting for 21.08%; 629 cases with medium duration, accounting for 21.73%; and 1 655 cases with long duration, accounting for 57.19%. The awareness of "hypertension control measures" was relatively high (97.89%), while awareness of "hypertension complications" was relatively low (71.70%). The adherence rate of "not perceiving difficulty in remembering to take medication on time and in correct doses" was relatively low (78.89%), and the proportion of participants who "walked ≥10 minutes per session at least once in the past 7 days" was relatively high (80.48%). A total of 1 209 cases (41.78%) engaged in HBPM, including 233 cases with short disease duration (19.27%), 252 cases with medium disease duration (20.84%), and 724 cases with long disease duration (59.88%). Compared with long disease duration hypertension patients, those with short disease duration had a alower awareness of "principles of pharmacological treatment for hypertension", a lower adherence rate of "medication should not be stopped after blood pressure control", and a lower proportion of providing their blood pressure measurement results to doctors (all P<0.017). However, they had higher proportions of alcohol consumption and daily salt intake >6 g/d (both P<0.017). Conclusions Short disease duration hypertension patients exhibit poorer performance in hypertension-related KAP and HBPM compared to long disease duration patients in rural areas of Shanghai Municipality. It is recommended to implement tailored health education based on disease duration, promote HBPM, and enhance blood pressure control rate.

Objective:To explore the current status and trends in emergency nursing teaching methods based on CiteSpace software in China from 2012 to 2023, and to provide reference for subsequent research.Methods:Literature on teaching methods in emergency nursing was electronically searched in the China National Knowledge Infrastructure, WanFang Data, and VIP from January 2012 to December 2023. CiteSpace and Excel software were used to perform bibliometric analysis on the publication year, journal source, first author affiliation, keywords and clustering content.Results:An initial search yielded 1 550 articles and 936 relevant articles were screened and published in 194 journals. From 2012 to 2023, the number of publications on teaching methods in emergency nursing in China was relatively flat, the first author affiliations were mainly general hospitals, and the research methods were mainly quantitative. Keyword clustering showed that six themes were extracted, including exploration of professional skills, reform and application of teaching methods, nursing teaching and evaluation, teaching modes, teaching tools, and training modes.Conclusions:The trend of publications in emergency nursing teaching methods in China in the past 10 years has been relatively flat, and the quality of the literature needs to be improved. Emergency nursing teaching needs to focus on reforming teaching modes and methods, and further exploring the use of tools such as mind maps and teaching manuals to improve the quality of teaching.

Objective:To explore the current status and trends in emergency nursing teaching methods based on CiteSpace software in China from 2012 to 2023, and to provide reference for subsequent research.Methods:Literature on teaching methods in emergency nursing was electronically searched in the China National Knowledge Infrastructure, WanFang Data, and VIP from January 2012 to December 2023. CiteSpace and Excel software were used to perform bibliometric analysis on the publication year, journal source, first author affiliation, keywords and clustering content.Results:An initial search yielded 1 550 articles and 936 relevant articles were screened and published in 194 journals. From 2012 to 2023, the number of publications on teaching methods in emergency nursing in China was relatively flat, the first author affiliations were mainly general hospitals, and the research methods were mainly quantitative. Keyword clustering showed that six themes were extracted, including exploration of professional skills, reform and application of teaching methods, nursing teaching and evaluation, teaching modes, teaching tools, and training modes.Conclusions:The trend of publications in emergency nursing teaching methods in China in the past 10 years has been relatively flat, and the quality of the literature needs to be improved. Emergency nursing teaching needs to focus on reforming teaching modes and methods, and further exploring the use of tools such as mind maps and teaching manuals to improve the quality of teaching.

As a classic prescription for invigorating spleen and replenishing qi, Sijunzi Decoction has a good clinical efficacy in the treatment of gastric cancer. It can improve chemotherapy resistance, reduce the toxic and side effects of chemotherapy, promote postoperative recovery, enhance immunity, improve the nutritional status of patients, improve the quality of life of patients and prevent precancerous lesions. Network pharmacology studies have shown that Sijunzi Decoction exerts anti-gastric cancer effects through multiple active ingredients, multiple targets and multiple pathways, and quercetin may be the main active component in Sijunzi Decoction to exert anti-gastric cancer effects. The main mechanisms of Sijunzi Decoction in the treatment of gastric cancer include regulating the expression of cell cycle and apoptosis-related gene proteins, and inhibiting the proliferation, migration, invasion and gastric cancer stem cell characteristics of gastric cancer cells.

The composition of serum is extremely complex,which complicates the discovery of new pharmaco-dynamic biomarkers via serum proteome for disease prediction and diagnosis.Recently,nanoparticles have been reported to efficiently reduce the proportion of high-abundance proteins and enrich low-abundance proteins in serum.Here,we synthesized a silica-coated iron oxide nanoparticle and devel-oped a highly efficient and reproducible protein corona(PC)-based proteomic analysis strategy to improve the range of serum proteomic analysis.We identified 1,070 proteins with a median coefficient of variation of 12.56％using PC-based proteomic analysis,which was twice the number of proteins iden-tified by direct digestion.There were also more biological processes enriched with these proteins.We applied this strategy to identify more pharmacodynamic biomarkers on collagen-induced arthritis(CIA)rat model treated with methotrexate(MTX).The bioinformatic results indicated that 485 differentially expressed proteins(DEPs)were found in CIA rats,of which 323 DEPs recovered to near normal levels after treatment with MTX.This strategy can not only help enhance our understanding of the mechanisms of disease and drug action through serum proteomics studies,but also provide more pharmacodynamic biomarkers for disease prediction,diagnosis,and treatment.

his article expounds the concept, theory and mechanism of laughter therapy, introduces the process of laughter therapy, and analyzes and summarizes the effects of laughter therapy on elderly patients in other countries in order to provide a reference for studies on laughter therapy in China and to improve elderly people's physical and mental health as well as their quality of life.

Animals ; Embryonic Stem Cells ; virology ; Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic ; Histone Deacetylase 6 ; Histone Deacetylases ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Infection ; genetics ; pathology ; virology ; Mice ; Mice, Knockout

OBJECTIVETo explore the carbon black induced effects of lung morphology and pro-inflammation in mice, based on the carbon black aerosol dynamic inhalation exposure model.

METHODSThe carbon black aerosol generated by dynamic inhalation device was imported exposure chamber to mice. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used to observe the characters of carbon black. Sixty 9-week-old male BALB/c mice were randomly divided into two control groups, 7 d exposure group and 14 d exposure group. The numbers of four groups of animals were 15, respectively. Mice were exposed to carbon black in the inhalation chamber at (29.33 ± 9.10) mg/m(3) for 6 h/d for continuous exposure 7 d and 14 d, respectively. After 7 d and 14 d exposure, the mice were sacrificed after the last exposure for 24 h. Control mice were killed at 7 d and 14 d. The trachea, lungs, liver, kidneys, and spleen tissues were separated and weighted. Hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining was used to observe pathological changes of lung by light microscopy. Pulmonary interleukin-8 (IL-8) expression was analyzed by immunohistochemistry. Transmission electron microscopy was used to observe the ultra structure of lung tissue.

RESULTSAfter 14 d exposure carbon black, the lung coefficient was increased in exposure group compared with control (0.61 ± 0.03 vs 0.79 ± 0.06, t = 6.26, P < 0.01). The spleen coefficient were higher than control(0.39 ± 0.04 vs 0.51 ± 0.06, t = 4.23, P < 0.01) . Other organ coefficients were no significant difference between CB group and control group.Histopathology displayed carbon black particles were deposited in the alveoli and lung bronchial wall in 7 d and 14 d groups. The black carbon particles were deposited within the lung tissue of mice in 14 d group. There were cilia damage, serious damage to the alveolar wall, inflammatory cell infiltration and more hyperemia in 14 d group. Immunohistochemistry showed the level of IL-8 in 7 d (0.272 ± 0.011) and 14 d (0.422 ± 0.065) exposure group were higher than control group in 14 d (0.188 ± 0.041) , F = 31.89, P < 0.01. TEM showed that the lung tissue vision was clear and organelle integrity in the control group. The particles appeared in lung tissue macrophage lysosomes in exposure group, the electron density was consistent with the carbon black particles.

CONCLUSIONThe dynamic carbon black particles exposure can affect the lung and spleen coefficient, damage integrity of lung morphology and induce inflammation in mice.

Aerosols ; Animals ; Cilia ; Inflammation ; Inhalation Exposure ; Interleukin-8 ; Lung ; Macrophages, Alveolar ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Pulmonary Alveoli ; Soot ; Spleen

Objective To explore the carbon black induced effects of lung morphology and pro-inflammation in mice, based on the carbon black aerosol dynamic inhalation exposure model.Methods The carbon black aerosol generated by dynamic inhalation device was imported exposure chamber to mice. Scanning electron microscopy ( SEM) and transmission electron microscopy ( TEM) were used to observe the characters of carbon black.Sixty 9-week-old male BALB/c mice were randomly divided into two control groups, 7 d exposure group and 14 d exposure group.The numbers of four groups of animals were 15, respectively.Mice were exposed to carbon black in the inhalation chamber at ( 29.33 ±9.10 ) mg/m3 for 6 h/d for continuous exposure 7 d and 14 d, respectively.After 7 d and 14 d exposure, the mice were sacrificed after the last exposure for 24 h.Control mice were killed at 7 d and 14 d.The trachea, lungs, liver, kidneys, and spleen tissues were separated and weighted.Hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining was used to observe pathological changes of lung by light microscopy.Pulmonary interleukin-8 ( IL-8) expression
was analyzed by immunohistochemistry.Transmission electron microscopy was used to observe the ultra structure of lung tissue.Results After 14 d exposure carbon black, the lung coefficient was increased in exposure group compared with control (0.61 ±0.03 vs 0.79 ±0.06, t =6.26, P <0.01).The spleen coefficient were higher than control ( 0.39 ±0.04 vs 0.51 ±0.06, t =4.23, P <0.01 ) .Other organ coefficients were no significant difference between CB group and control group.Histopathology displayed carbon black particles were deposited in the alveoli and lung bronchial wall in 7 d and 14 d groups.The black carbon particles were deposited within the lung tissue of mice in 14 d group.There were cilia damage, serious damage to the alveolar wall, inflammatory cell infiltration and more hyperemia in 14 d group. Immunohistochemistry showed the level of IL-8 in 7 d(0.272 ±0.011) and 14 d (0.422 ±0.065) exposure group were higher than control group in 14 d(0.188 ±0.041),F=31.89,P<0.01.TEM showed that the lung tissue vision was clear and organelle integrity in the control group.The particles appeared in lung tissue macrophage lysosomes in exposure group, the electron density was consistent with the carbon black particles.Conclusion The dynamic carbon black particles exposure can affect the lung and spleen coefficient, damage integrity of lung morphology and induce inflammation in mice.