Morphea alopecia is a rare secondary cicatricial alopecia, often caused by linear scleroderma of the scalp. When hair loss appears as the only symptom of morphea, it is easily confused with other localized alopecia. The diagnosis of morphea alopecia depends on histopathologic and dermoscopic examinations. In order to improve the understanding of morphea alopecia among clinicians, this review summarizes research progress in its pathogenesis, clinical and pathological characteristics, diagnosis and treatment.

Morphea alopecia is a rare secondary cicatricial alopecia, often caused by linear scleroderma of the scalp. When hair loss appears as the only symptom of morphea, it is easily confused with other localized alopecia. The diagnosis of morphea alopecia depends on histopathologic and dermoscopic examinations. In order to improve the understanding of morphea alopecia among clinicians, this review summarizes research progress in its pathogenesis, clinical and pathological characteristics, diagnosis and treatment.

Objective:To explore latent categories of death literacy among oncology nurses and analyze their influencing factors to inform the development of targeted interventions.Methods:Convenience sampling was used to select 560 oncology nurses from three ClassⅢ Grade A hospitals in Zhengzhou City, Henan Province, from June to July 2024 for the study. General Information Questionnaire, Death Literacy Index, Self-Competence in Death Work Scale, and Hospice Care Environment Scale were used to conduct the survey. Oncology nurses' death literacy categories were explored using latent profile analysis, and factors influencing each category were explored using unordered multicategorical Logistic regression analysis.Results:The 560 oncology nurses' death literacy were categorized into three profiles of low-level death literacy group (31.8%), medium-level death literacy group (50.7%), and high-level death literacy group (17.5%). Unordered multicategorical Logistic regression analysis showed that receiving death education and training since work, self-assessment of psychological status, self-competence in death work, and evaluation of the hospice care environment were influencing factors in the latent category of death literacy among oncology nurses ( P<0.05) . Conclusions:There is group heterogeneity in death literacy among oncology nurses, which is influenced by a variety of factors. Nursing managers can provide targeted interventions for oncology nurses based on different latent categories to improve their death literacy.

Objective:To investigate the clinical efficacy and major complications (postoperative hemorrhage and cerebral edema) of 3 surgical methods in spontaneous supratentorial intracerebral hemorrhage (SSICH).Methods:A retrospective analysis was performed; 294 patients with SSICH admitted to Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University from December 2018 to October 2021 were selected. According to different surgical methods, these patients were divided into neuroendoscopic hematoma removal group ( n=126), stereotactic drilling and drainage group ( n=98), and craniotomy hematoma removal group ( n=70). The surgical efficacy and complications in the 3 groups were analyzed, and the postoperative residual hematoma and edema volumes were quantitatively calculated based on 3D Slicer software. Results:The hematoma evacuation rate in the neuroendoscopic hematoma removal group, stereotactic drilling and drainage group, and craniotomy hematoma removal group was 86.25%±2.27%, 44.45%±3.61%, and 75.45%±2.89%, respectively; Glasgow coma Scale scores at discharge were 13.51±1.28, 11.24±2.17 and 10.25±2.56, respectively; postoperative hemorrhage incidence was 16.1%, 26.0% and 22.9%, respectively; postoperative residual hematoma volume was (18.90±12.33) mL, (25.75±11.43) mL and (22.91±7.93) mL, and postoperative peak edema volume was (37.43±11.07) mL, (39.54±9.43) mL, and (42.26±10.94) mL, respectively; percentage of patients with peak edema on 3-5 days after surgery was 31.0%, 65.3% and 68.6%; the diameter of edema zone was (20.04±2.98) mm, (24.12±5.85) mm and (23.59±3.81) mm, respectively, on 7 days after surgery; percentage of patients with edema resolution was 45.2%, 24.5%, 42.9% and 76.2%, 57.1%, 62.9%, respectively, on 9-11 days and 12-14 days after surgery; these indexes in the neuroendoscopic hematoma removal group were significantly different compared with those in the other two groups ( P<0.05). Conclusion:Compared with stereotactic drilling and drainage or craniotomy hematoma removal, neuroendoscopic surgery can effectively remove the hematoma and reduce the occurrences of postoperative hemorrhage and brain edema.

Objective:To explore latent categories of death literacy among oncology nurses and analyze their influencing factors to inform the development of targeted interventions.Methods:Convenience sampling was used to select 560 oncology nurses from three ClassⅢ Grade A hospitals in Zhengzhou City, Henan Province, from June to July 2024 for the study. General Information Questionnaire, Death Literacy Index, Self-Competence in Death Work Scale, and Hospice Care Environment Scale were used to conduct the survey. Oncology nurses' death literacy categories were explored using latent profile analysis, and factors influencing each category were explored using unordered multicategorical Logistic regression analysis.Results:The 560 oncology nurses' death literacy were categorized into three profiles of low-level death literacy group (31.8%), medium-level death literacy group (50.7%), and high-level death literacy group (17.5%). Unordered multicategorical Logistic regression analysis showed that receiving death education and training since work, self-assessment of psychological status, self-competence in death work, and evaluation of the hospice care environment were influencing factors in the latent category of death literacy among oncology nurses ( P<0.05) . Conclusions:There is group heterogeneity in death literacy among oncology nurses, which is influenced by a variety of factors. Nursing managers can provide targeted interventions for oncology nurses based on different latent categories to improve their death literacy.

Objective:To investigate the clinical efficacy and major complications (postoperative hemorrhage and cerebral edema) of 3 surgical methods in spontaneous supratentorial intracerebral hemorrhage (SSICH).Methods:A retrospective analysis was performed; 294 patients with SSICH admitted to Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University from December 2018 to October 2021 were selected. According to different surgical methods, these patients were divided into neuroendoscopic hematoma removal group ( n=126), stereotactic drilling and drainage group ( n=98), and craniotomy hematoma removal group ( n=70). The surgical efficacy and complications in the 3 groups were analyzed, and the postoperative residual hematoma and edema volumes were quantitatively calculated based on 3D Slicer software. Results:The hematoma evacuation rate in the neuroendoscopic hematoma removal group, stereotactic drilling and drainage group, and craniotomy hematoma removal group was 86.25%±2.27%, 44.45%±3.61%, and 75.45%±2.89%, respectively; Glasgow coma Scale scores at discharge were 13.51±1.28, 11.24±2.17 and 10.25±2.56, respectively; postoperative hemorrhage incidence was 16.1%, 26.0% and 22.9%, respectively; postoperative residual hematoma volume was (18.90±12.33) mL, (25.75±11.43) mL and (22.91±7.93) mL, and postoperative peak edema volume was (37.43±11.07) mL, (39.54±9.43) mL, and (42.26±10.94) mL, respectively; percentage of patients with peak edema on 3-5 days after surgery was 31.0%, 65.3% and 68.6%; the diameter of edema zone was (20.04±2.98) mm, (24.12±5.85) mm and (23.59±3.81) mm, respectively, on 7 days after surgery; percentage of patients with edema resolution was 45.2%, 24.5%, 42.9% and 76.2%, 57.1%, 62.9%, respectively, on 9-11 days and 12-14 days after surgery; these indexes in the neuroendoscopic hematoma removal group were significantly different compared with those in the other two groups ( P<0.05). Conclusion:Compared with stereotactic drilling and drainage or craniotomy hematoma removal, neuroendoscopic surgery can effectively remove the hematoma and reduce the occurrences of postoperative hemorrhage and brain edema.

This article reviews the concept and significance of death literacy, assessment tools, current status domestically and internationally, influencing factors, and intervention measures. The aim is to provide insights for effective strategies to enhance residents' death literacy, thereby offering a new perspective for improving palliative care practices and research in China and ensuring quality of death.

Objective To study both non-invasive continuous cardiac index (CCI) and risk factors of coronary heart disease related with left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). Methods Retrospective study was done at VIP Health Center with 90 patients with preanesthesia assessment for gastrointestinal endoscopy under intravenous anesthesia between January and March 2022 in our hospital. CCI was measured using non-invasive real-time arterial blood pressure and hemodynamic monitoring system. Risk factors of coronary heart disease were collected. There were three groups of patients according to the results of LVEF gotten from echocardiography examination including group of LVEF 40%-49% (n=15), group of LVEF 50%-59% (n=38) and group of LVEF >60% (n=37). Results The group of LVEF 40%-49% had the highest rate of smoking (60.0%), hypertension (80.0%), diabetes (73.3%), hyperlipidemia (86.6%), obesity (53.3%), family history of early onest cardiovascular disease (33.3%) and the highest rate of ≥3 risk factors of coronary heart disease (80.0%)(P<0.05). The CCI in the group of LVEF 40%-49% was the lowest among three groups (P<0.05). There was a significant positive correlation between CCI and LVEF (r>0.95, P<0.05). Conclusions It was suggested that non-invasive real-time arterial blood pressure and hemodynamic monitoring system could be used for preanesthesia assessment, and CCI related to LVEF, which improves the safety of anesthesia for patients.

Background/Aims: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is closely associated with metabolic dysfunction. Among the multiple factors, genetic variation acts as important modifiers. Klotho, an enzyme encoded by the klotho (KL) gene in human, has been implicated in the pathogenesis of metabolic dysfunctions. However, the impact of variants in KL on NAFLD risk remains poorly understood. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of KL rs495392 C>A polymorphism on the histological severity of NAFLD. Methods: We evaluated the impact of the KL rs495392 polymorphism on liver histology in 531 Chinese with NAFLD and replicated that in the population-based Rotterdam Study cohort. The interactions between the rs495392, vitamin D, and patatin-like phospholipase domain containing 3 (PNPLA3) rs738409 polymorphism were also analyzed. Results: Carriage of the rs495392 A allele had a protective effect on steatosis severity (odds ratio [OR], 0.61; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.42–0.89; P=0.010) in Chinese patients. After adjustment for potential confounders, the A allele remained significant with a protective effect (OR, 0.66; 95% CI, 0.45–0.98; P=0.040). The effect on hepatic steatosis was confirmed in the Rotterdam Study cohort. Additional analysis showed the association between serum vitamin D levels and NAFLD specifically in rs495392 A allele carriers, but not in non-carriers. Moreover, we found that the rs495392 A allele attenuated the detrimental impact of PNPLA3 rs738409 G allele on the risk of severe hepatic steatosis. Conclusions The KL rs495392 polymorphism has a protective effect against hepatic steatosis in patients with NAFLD.

Hepatitis D virus (HDV) infection causes the most severe form of viral hepatitis with rapid progression to cirrhosis, hepatic decompensation, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Although discovered > 40 years ago, little attention has been paid to this pathogen from both scientific and public communities. However, effectively combating hepatitis D requires advanced scientific knowledge and joint efforts from multi-stakeholders. In this review, we emphasized the recent advances in HDV virology, epidemiology, clinical feature, treatment, and prevention. We not only highlighted the remaining challenges but also the opportunities that can move the field forward.
Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/complications* ; Hepatitis B virus ; Hepatitis D/epidemiology* ; Hepatitis Delta Virus/genetics* ; Humans ; Liver Cirrhosis/etiology* ; Liver Neoplasms/complications*