Objective:To systematically synthesize the illness stigma experiences of stroke patients.Methods:A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, Web of Science, China Biology Medicine disc, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Data, and VIP for qualitative studies exploring illness stigma in stroke patients. The search period extended from database inception to September 30, 2024. A Meta-synthesis approach was employed to integrate the findings.Results:A total of fourteen articles were included and ten new categories were extracted and synthesized into four integraion results: sources of illness stigma, key influencing factors of illness stigma, manifestations and impacts of illness stigma, and coping strategies illness stigma.Conclusions:Illness stigma is a significant barrier to stroke rehabilitation. Nurses should be aware of the characteristics of illness stigma, conduct early identification, and develop individualized strategies for prevention and intervention. It is essential to help patients build multi-dimensional support systems involving society and family, and to guide them in gradually accepting and adapting to their new self.

Objective To observe the characteristic symptoms in breast cancer-bearing mice and the beneficial effect of ginger-processed Jiangxiangru polysaccharides on traditional Chinese medical symptoms.Methods Thirty-eight mice were used for modeling and divided into normal,model,positive,and low-,medium-,and high-dose ginger-processed Jiangxiangru polysaccharide groups.Mice in the normal group were not inoculated with tumors and mice in the normal and model groups received physiological saline intragastrically.Mice in the positive group received celecoxib solution intragastrically,and mice in the low-,medium-,and high-dose groups received the same dose but different concentrations of ginger-processed Jiangxiangru polysaccharide solution intragastrically.Changes in body weight and tumor size were recorded after 4 weeks of continuous administration.Symptoms were observed at the end of the experiment.RGB values in photographs of the tongues,tails,and claws from mice in each group were analyzed and recorded.The degrees of blood deficiency,yin deficiency,and tumor phlegm stasis were calculated based on the method of quantitative dialectical diagnosis.The tumors were isolated and weighed,and the tumor volume and inhibition rate were calculated to determine the beneficial effect of ginger-processed Jiangxiangru polysaccharides on traditional Chinese medical symptoms.Results Mice in the breast cancer model group showed signs of blood deficiency,yin deficiency,and phlegm stasis.Tumor size was significantly reduced in mice in the ginger-processed Jiangxiangru polysaccharide groups.Ginger-processed Jiangxiangru polysaccharides inhibited tumor growth and improved blood deficiency,yin deficiency,and tumor phlegm stasis in breast cancer-bearing mice,with the best result in the high-dose group.Conclusions Ginger-processed Jiangxiangru polysaccharides can improve the symptoms of blood deficiency,yin deficiency,and tumor phlegm stasis in breast cancer-bearing mice,especially at high doses.

Objective To observe the characteristic symptoms in breast cancer-bearing mice and the beneficial effect of ginger-processed Jiangxiangru polysaccharides on traditional Chinese medical symptoms.Methods Thirty-eight mice were used for modeling and divided into normal,model,positive,and low-,medium-,and high-dose ginger-processed Jiangxiangru polysaccharide groups.Mice in the normal group were not inoculated with tumors and mice in the normal and model groups received physiological saline intragastrically.Mice in the positive group received celecoxib solution intragastrically,and mice in the low-,medium-,and high-dose groups received the same dose but different concentrations of ginger-processed Jiangxiangru polysaccharide solution intragastrically.Changes in body weight and tumor size were recorded after 4 weeks of continuous administration.Symptoms were observed at the end of the experiment.RGB values in photographs of the tongues,tails,and claws from mice in each group were analyzed and recorded.The degrees of blood deficiency,yin deficiency,and tumor phlegm stasis were calculated based on the method of quantitative dialectical diagnosis.The tumors were isolated and weighed,and the tumor volume and inhibition rate were calculated to determine the beneficial effect of ginger-processed Jiangxiangru polysaccharides on traditional Chinese medical symptoms.Results Mice in the breast cancer model group showed signs of blood deficiency,yin deficiency,and phlegm stasis.Tumor size was significantly reduced in mice in the ginger-processed Jiangxiangru polysaccharide groups.Ginger-processed Jiangxiangru polysaccharides inhibited tumor growth and improved blood deficiency,yin deficiency,and tumor phlegm stasis in breast cancer-bearing mice,with the best result in the high-dose group.Conclusions Ginger-processed Jiangxiangru polysaccharides can improve the symptoms of blood deficiency,yin deficiency,and tumor phlegm stasis in breast cancer-bearing mice,especially at high doses.

Objective:To systematically synthesize the illness stigma experiences of stroke patients.Methods:A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, Web of Science, China Biology Medicine disc, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Data, and VIP for qualitative studies exploring illness stigma in stroke patients. The search period extended from database inception to September 30, 2024. A Meta-synthesis approach was employed to integrate the findings.Results:A total of fourteen articles were included and ten new categories were extracted and synthesized into four integraion results: sources of illness stigma, key influencing factors of illness stigma, manifestations and impacts of illness stigma, and coping strategies illness stigma.Conclusions:Illness stigma is a significant barrier to stroke rehabilitation. Nurses should be aware of the characteristics of illness stigma, conduct early identification, and develop individualized strategies for prevention and intervention. It is essential to help patients build multi-dimensional support systems involving society and family, and to guide them in gradually accepting and adapting to their new self.

Objective:To investigate the therapeutic effect of artesunate on mice with acute Toxoplasma gondii ( T. gondii) infection. Methods:Based on body weight (16 - 18 g), sixty-four C57BL/6 female mice aged 6 - 8 weeks were divided into 4 groups by random number table method: uninfected control group without treatment; T. gondii-infected group (Tg group), each mouse was intraperitoneally (i.p.) infected with 100 tachyzoites of T. gondii RH strain; T. gondii-infected + artesunate treatment group (Tg + ART group), 3 hours after each mouse i.p. infected with 100 tachyzoites of T. gondii RH strain, artesunate solution was i.p. injected at a dose of 30 mg/kg, once a day for a total of 7 consecutive days; T. gondii-infected + sulfadiazine treatment group (Tg + SDZ group), 3 hours after each mouse i.p. infected with 100 tachyzoites of T. gondii RH strain, sulfadiazine solution was orally administrated at a dose of 100 mg/kg, once a day for a total of 7 consecutive days. There were 16 mice in each group, in which 10 mice were used to observe survival time and 6 mice were used to monitor body weight and collect tissue samples. Mice were weighed every day from day 1 post infection (p.i.); mice were sacrificed at day 7 p.i., the liver weights of mice were weighed and the liver indexes were calculated; liver tissues were paraffin-embedded, sectioned, and stained with hematoxylin-eosin (HE), and the pathological changes of liver tissues of mice in each group were observed under a light microscope. The expression levels of T. gondii major surface antigen 1 (SAG1) in the liver tissues of mice in each group were detected by real-time quantitative PCR for evaluating parasite load. Results:All mice in the uninfected control group were survived. The survival time was 7 - 9 days in Tg group, 8 - 11 days in Tg + ART group, and 9 - 13 days in Tg + SDZ group. Compared with Tg group, the survival times of mice in Tg + ART group and Tg + SDZ group were significantly longer ( P < 0.05). On day 7 p.i., compared with uninfected control group, Tg + ART group or Tg + SDZ group, the body weight of mice in Tg group was lower ( P < 0.05); however, there was no significant difference of body weight in Tg + ART group and Tg + SDZ group compared with uninfected control group ( P > 0.05). Compared with Tg group, Tg + ART group and Tg + SDZ group had lower liver indexes and SAG1 mRNA expression levels in the liver tissues ( P < 0.05 or < 0.001), and liver histopathological changes were milder. Compared with Tg + SDZ group, there was no significant difference in both liver index and SAG1 mRNA expression level in the liver tissue of Tg + ART group ( P > 0.05). Conclusion:Artesunate solution i.p. injection can prolong the survival time, reduce parasite load in the liver, and attenuate hepatic pathological damage, to a certain extent, of mice with acute T. gondii infection.

Objective:To investigate the regulation and mechanism of chronic Trichinella spiralis ( Ts) infection on liver immunopathology in mice co-infected with Plasmodium berghei ANKA( PbA). Methods:According to body weight, 64 specific pathogen free female Kunming mice (6 - 8 weeks old, weighting 22 - 25 g) were divided into 4 groups by using random number table method. Control group: uninfected; Ts group: mice were mono-infected with 30 Ts larvae by oral gavage on day 0; PbA group: mice were mono-infected with 1 × 10 6PbA-infected red blood cells in 0.1 ml of phosphate buffer (PBS) administered by intraperitoneal injection on day 121; co-infected ( Ts+PbA) group: mice were infected with 30 Ts larvae by oral gavage and intraperitoneal injected with 1 × 10 6PbA-infected red blood cells in 0.1 ml PBS on day 121 after Ts infection. There were 16 mice in each group, in which 10 mice in each group were monitored for the survival rate. The peripheral red blood cell parasitemia of PbA group and Ts + PbA group were monitored every other day by light microscope examination of Giemsa-stained thin tail-blood smears from day 3 after PbA infection. Mice were sacrificed at day 135 after Ts infection and/or at day 15 after PbA infection, the mouse body weight and liver weight were measured, and the liver index were calculated. Ts-infected mice were monitored by a light microscope examination of diaphragm compression slide. Under a light microscope, the liver pathology and liver fibrosis of mice were observed and compared with hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining and Sirius red staining, respectively. The F4/80 + Kupffer cells in liver of mice were examined by immunohistochemical staining. Results:After infection with Ts or PbA, Ts larvae cysts were observed in diaphragm tissues and PbA were observed in red blood cells under the light microscope. After PbA infection, there was no significant difference in survival rate between PbA group and Ts+ PbA group ( P > 0.05). Compared with PbA group, the peripheral red blood cell parasitemia was significantly decreased in Ts+ PbA group on days 11 and 15 after PbA infection (%: 27.104 ± 7.623 vs 45.032 ± 9.849, 60.218 ± 2.776 vs 76.778 ± 6.351, P < 0.05), and the liver index and the liver pathology score were significantly decreased in Ts+ PbA group ( P < 0.05). Sirius red staining showed that the positive area of liver fibrosis in Ts+ PbA group was significantly higher than that in PbA group ( P < 0.05). Immunohistochemical staining showed that the average optical density value of F4/80 + Kupffer cells in Ts+ PbA group was significantly higher than that in PbA group ( P < 0.01). Conclusion:Chronic Ts infection may reduce the peripheral red blood cell parasitemia, increase F4/80 + Kupffer cells expression in liver, and attenuate liver pathology in mice co-infected with PbA.

Objective To explore the application effects of simulation diagnosis teaching in practical teaching of obstetrics and gynecology.Methods Students were divided into simulation teaching group(n=46) and traditional teaching group(n=46).Survey was conducted among simulation teaching group and traditional teaching group concerning clinical teaching of obstetrics and gynecology.Teaching effects were evaluated by questionnaire and examination.SPSS 13.0 statistics software was used to do the analysis.Enumeration data was analyzed by chi-square test while measurement data by t test.P＜0.05 stands for statistically significant difference.Results There were significant differences in improving students' clinical thinking and practical ability between two groups(P＜0.05).Satisfaction degree of simulation teaching group was significantly higher than that of traditional teaching group.Examination results of simulation teaching group was significantly higher than that of traditional teaching group(theoretical exam:P=0.001; operational exam:P=0.000).Conclusions Simulation diagnosis teaching can provide students more opportunities to practice and improve students' clinical thinking ability and clinical practice ability.