Objective:To analyze the efficacy and safety of fascicular unit extraction (FUE) in treatment of bromhidrosis.Methods:A total of 12 patients (24 sides) with bromhidrosis were retrospectively enrolled from the Department of Plastic Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University, from May 2023 to December 2024. The cohort included 5 males and 7 females, aged 17-37 (28.3±6.1) years. All patients underwent FUE treatment. A trephine with an inner diameter of 1.5 mm was used to extract axillary hair and apocrine gland tissues along the direction of hair follicle units, followed by "8-shaped" elastic bandage compression dressing for fixation. The operation time and wound healing time were recorded. The patients were followed up for 6-12 months. The improvement of bromhidrosis was evaluated using the visual analogue scale (VAS), and the adverse reaction incidence was documented.Results:The operation duration of FUE was (1.5±0.3) h, and the wound healing time was (5.2±1.3) d. All patients completed follow-up. Axillae showed no obvious scars or only scattered pinhead-sized pigmentation. The patients′ preoperative VAS was 8 (8, 8) scores, which decreased significantly to 0 (0, 3) scores at the last postoperative follow-up ( P<0.001). Bromhidrosis resolved completely (VAS: 0) in 14 sides (58.3%), and improved (VAS: 2-3) in 10 sides (41.7%), with no recurrence observed. No patients reported significant intraoperative or postoperative pain, subcutaneous hematoma, flap necrosis, infection, paresthesia, or shoulder mobility limitation. One patient developed an epidermoid cyst 2 months postoperatively, resolved after surgical resection. Conclusion:FUE can be used to treat bromhidrosis with high efficacy and low adverse reaction rates.

Ischemic bowel disease(IBD)is a prevalent intestinal vascular disease that poses a serious threat to patients' lives and health.Tthe key pathological process of ischemic bowel disease is intestinal ischemia-reperfusion(II/R)injury.If not diagnosed and treated in a timely manner,it can lead to life-threatening conditions such as peritonitis,intestinal gangrene perforation,and multiple organ dysfunction.Current treatments primarily focus on symptomatic and surgical interventions,lacking targeted pharmacological therapies.A substantial body of research has found that traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)exhibits a protective effect against II/R injury.This review systematically elaborated on the mechanisms by which various TCM bioactive components,including Astragaloside IV,Ginsenosides,Salvianolic acids,and Tetramethylpyrazine,as well as compound formulations such as Shenqi injection,Taoren Chengqi decoction,and Sini decoction ameliorate II/R injury.These findings provide novel research perspectives for developing TCM-based therapeutics for IBD.

Background: Condyloma acuminatum (CA) is a common sexually transmitted disease caused by human papillomavirus (HPV). In recent years, research on anal CA has primarily focused on treatment rather than underlying mechanisms. The mechanism of HPV persistence and recurrence in CA require further exploration. It needs multiple researches in mechanisms to focalize treatment targets. Objective: To investigate the relationship between intestinal mucosal immunity and the relapse of anal CA and persistent infection. Methods: Levels of interferon gamma (IFN-γ) and secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbnent assay in anal mucosal cells obtained from patients treated at Tianjin Union Medical Center from September 2022 to December 2024. All the participants signed Informed Consent and the whole plan was approved by Institutional Review Board in Tianjin Union Medical Center (No. B155). Results: The levels of IFN-γ and sIgA significantly decreased after infection, and persistent infection exhibited even lower levels. These two factors increased following treatment, reaching peak concentrations at 4 weeks before decreasing again. Conclusion These findings demonstrate a significant association between persistent anal CA infection and dysregulation of intestinal mucosal immunity.

Ischemic bowel disease(IBD)is a prevalent intestinal vascular disease that poses a serious threat to patients' lives and health.Tthe key pathological process of ischemic bowel disease is intestinal ischemia-reperfusion(II/R)injury.If not diagnosed and treated in a timely manner,it can lead to life-threatening conditions such as peritonitis,intestinal gangrene perforation,and multiple organ dysfunction.Current treatments primarily focus on symptomatic and surgical interventions,lacking targeted pharmacological therapies.A substantial body of research has found that traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)exhibits a protective effect against II/R injury.This review systematically elaborated on the mechanisms by which various TCM bioactive components,including Astragaloside IV,Ginsenosides,Salvianolic acids,and Tetramethylpyrazine,as well as compound formulations such as Shenqi injection,Taoren Chengqi decoction,and Sini decoction ameliorate II/R injury.These findings provide novel research perspectives for developing TCM-based therapeutics for IBD.

Objective:To analyze the efficacy and safety of fascicular unit extraction (FUE) in treatment of bromhidrosis.Methods:A total of 12 patients (24 sides) with bromhidrosis were retrospectively enrolled from the Department of Plastic Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University, from May 2023 to December 2024. The cohort included 5 males and 7 females, aged 17-37 (28.3±6.1) years. All patients underwent FUE treatment. A trephine with an inner diameter of 1.5 mm was used to extract axillary hair and apocrine gland tissues along the direction of hair follicle units, followed by "8-shaped" elastic bandage compression dressing for fixation. The operation time and wound healing time were recorded. The patients were followed up for 6-12 months. The improvement of bromhidrosis was evaluated using the visual analogue scale (VAS), and the adverse reaction incidence was documented.Results:The operation duration of FUE was (1.5±0.3) h, and the wound healing time was (5.2±1.3) d. All patients completed follow-up. Axillae showed no obvious scars or only scattered pinhead-sized pigmentation. The patients′ preoperative VAS was 8 (8, 8) scores, which decreased significantly to 0 (0, 3) scores at the last postoperative follow-up ( P<0.001). Bromhidrosis resolved completely (VAS: 0) in 14 sides (58.3%), and improved (VAS: 2-3) in 10 sides (41.7%), with no recurrence observed. No patients reported significant intraoperative or postoperative pain, subcutaneous hematoma, flap necrosis, infection, paresthesia, or shoulder mobility limitation. One patient developed an epidermoid cyst 2 months postoperatively, resolved after surgical resection. Conclusion:FUE can be used to treat bromhidrosis with high efficacy and low adverse reaction rates.

Objective:To evaluate the efficacy and safety of ultrasound-guided high intensity focused ultrasound(HIFU)on pain intensity,pain sensation and overall survival in patients with advanced pancreatic cancer. Methods:Clinical data of advanced pancreatic cancer patients treated by HIFU were collected from the patients enrolled during August 2020 to September 2022 at the second department for oncology of Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine.In this study,SPSS 26.0 software was used for the statistical analysis of NRS score and BPI score.The Kaplan-Meier survival analysis method was applied to calculate the median overall survival(OS)and then the survival curve was drawn.At the same time,the incidence of related adverse reactions during and after HIFU treatment was counted. Results:(1)Among the 45 patients,30 patients received HIFU combined with chemotherapy,and the other 15 patients only received HIFU.(2)Among the 45 patients,32 patients had pain relief after HIFU treatment,and the NRS score kept decreased across 1 week,2 weeks,3 weeks and 1 month after HIFU treatment(P＜0.05).The pain sensation score of BPI scale also decreased correspondingly,and the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05).(3)The median OS of 45 patients was 11.1 months(95％Cl:9.30-1 2.90),of which 30 patients treated with HIFU combined chemotherapy had a median OS of 12.4 months(95％Cl:9.1 8-15.62),and 15 patients treated with HIFU only had a median OS of 4.6 months(95％Cl:1.11-8.10).(4)No serious adverse events were observed in all patients during and after HIFU treatment.Only 5 patients had asymptomatic mild elevation of blood amylase,and the incidence of mild adverse reactions was 11.1％. Conclusion:HIFU can effectively relieve pain and prolong the median survival time in patients with advanced pancreatic cancer.

OBJECTIVE: To detect genetic mutations in a child with late-onset hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH). METHODS: Clinical data of an 8-year-5-month-old girl with recurrent HLH and severe central nervous system disease was analyzed. Next-generation sequencing was used to detect mutation in the exons and adjacent introns of 17 genes associated with HLH. Suspected mutations were confirmed by Sanger sequencing. Influence of mutations on protein function was predicted with SIFT and PolyPhen-2 software. RESULTS: The child was found to carry compound heterozygous mutations of the PRF1 gene. Among these, the c.1349C>T (p.Thr450Met) mutation, with a SIFT predictive value of -4.921 (Deleterious variant) and a PolyPhen-2 predictive value of 1.000 (Probably damaging), was inherited from her father and known to be pathogenic. The c.1273dupT (p.Trp425fsX457) mutation was inherited from her mother and previously unreported, which resulted in the deletion of almost the entire C2 domain (amino acid residues 413 to 540) and carboxyl terminal of perforin, which seriously affected the function of the protein. CONCLUSION The c.1349C>T (p.Thr450Met) and c.1273 dupT (p.Trp425fsX457) compound heterozygous mutations of the PRF1 gene probably underlie the disease in this patient.
Central Nervous System Diseases ; Child ; Exons ; Female ; Humans ; Lymphohistiocytosis, Hemophagocytic ; Mutation ; Perforin

BACKGROUND:Cartilage scaffold plays an important role in articular cartilage injury, but it is stil restricted in practice, leading to the repair failure using tissue-engineered cartilage. OBJECTIVE:To explore the preparation method of cartilage scaffold with directional structure and its repairing effect in cartilage injury of rabbits. METHODS:Directional cartilage scaffolds were prepared by temperature gradient induced phase separation technique. The cross-linking of cartilage scaffold was completed with genipin. The physical and mechanical properties of scaffolds were determined. Forty-eight white rabbits were modeled into exercised-induced articular cartilage injury and equivalently randomized into two groups, fol owed by implantation of non-directional or directional scaffolds. Samples were col ected at postoperative 6, 12 and 24 weeks to compare the repair effect of two scaffolds on rabbit joint injury. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Scanning electron microscope showed that the regular microstructures on the longitudinal section of directional scaffolds were aligned in the same direction, while the longitudinal and transverse planes of the non-directional scaffolds showed porous honeycomb structures. The elastic modulus of the directional scaffold was significantly higher than that of the non-directional scaffold (P<0.05). O’Driscol histological scores in the directional scaffold group were significantly higher than those in the non-directional scaffold group at 6, 12 and 24 weeks postoperatively (P<0.05). At postoperative 24 weeks, in the directional scaffold group, the three-dimensional reconstruction of the rabbit defect region was flat and smooth, and coronal two-dimensional scanning showed the cartilage thickness of the newborn cartilage was very close to that of the normal bone;the cartilage surface in the non-directional rabbits was flat under three-dimensional CT, and coronal two-dimensional scanning showed that the repaired cartilage was almost the same as the normal cartilage. Hematoxylin-eosin staining showed that at 24 weeks postoperatively, the defect site disappeared and the cartilage cel s arranged in the vertical direction in the directional scaffold group. There were typical cartilage lacunae at the defect site in the non-directional scaffold group at 24 weeks postoperatively. Our findings suggest that the directional cartilage scaffold prepared using temperature gradient induced phase separation technique holds good physical and mechanical properties, and its implantation into the rabbit articular cartilage injury induced by exercise can promote the injury repair to obtain ideal mechanical properties.

Objective To investigate the effect of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) activation on the heat stressinduced apoptosis of pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells (PMVECs).Methods A mouse model of severe heat stroke was made and TUNEL and immunohistochemistry were employed to detect lung tissue damage.MACS separation was used for isolation of neonatal PMVECs,and TUNEL was utilized to detect the apoptosis of PMVECs.Western blotting was used for determining the MAPKs activation during heat stress recovery (0,2,6h).The monolayer permeability of endothelial cells was detected in terms of transmembrane resistance (TEER) and horseradish peroxidase (HRP).Cells were pretreated with MAPKs activation inhibitors to examine the effect of heat stress on the monolayer cell permeability and apoptosis.Results In mice with severe heat stroke,extensive apoptosis of PMVECs was found in their pulmonary tissues.TUNEL revealed that the number of apoptotic cells increased over time during heat stress recovery period and heat stress could activate MAPKs in PMVECs.Compared with heat stress group,in the cells pretreated with p38 or ERK activation inhibitor PD98059 and SB203580,the monolayer permeability and apoptosis increased while in cells pretreated withJNK inhibitor SP600125,the cellular permeability and apoptosis decreased.Conclusion In mice with severe heat stoke,PMVECs might experience apoptosis and p38 and ERK could inhibit apoptosis while JNK could promote apoptosis.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the protective effect of ulinastatin (UTI) against acute lung injury induced by heatstroke in mice.

METHODSSixty C57/BL6 mice were randomly divided into 6 groups, with 10 mice in each: control group, heatstroke group, UTI pretreatment group, saline pretreatment group, UTI post-treatment group, saline post-treatment group. The control mice were housed at a controlled room temperature of (22∓1) degrees; celsius, and the other groups were placed inside a temperature and humidity controlled chamber pre-set at 37 degrees; celsius and 60%. The two UTI groups were intraperitoneally injected with UTI at 5×10(4) U/kg 10 min before or after heat stress, and the two saline groups were given then equal amounts of saline in the same manner. The core body temperature of mice was monitored by a mercury thermometer every 30 min in the first 1.5 h during heating. The core temperature was measured, then every 15 min until it reached 42.7 degrees; celsius, which was taken as the onset of heatstroke. The animals were allowed to recover passively at ambient temperature for 6 h. The lung histopathological changes, protein concentration in BALF, lung wet/dry weight ratios, lung water content, and pulmonary microvascular permeability were assayed after 6 h of recovery at 37 degrees;celsius.

RESULTSCompared with the control group, the heatstroke model group and two saline groups displayed more severe lung damage and pathological morphology changes, and the lung wet/dry weight ratio, protein concentration in BALF, lung water content and pulmonary microvascular permeability were also significantly increased. These effects were significantly alleviated in UTI treated group. Pretreat ment with UTI significantly prolonged the time to Tc≥42.7 degrees; celsius but had no effect on lung injury induced by heatstroke.

CONCLUSIONUTI can reduce the pulmonary edema and inflammatory exudation in acute lung injury caused by heatstroke.

Acute Lung Injury ; drug therapy ; physiopathology ; Animals ; Body Temperature ; Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid ; chemistry ; Edema ; prevention & control ; Glycoproteins ; therapeutic use ; Heat Stroke ; physiopathology ; Lung ; pathology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL