Objective:To explore relevant factors to accurately diagnose BPPV in vertigo children. Methods:A retrospective study was conducted on the proportion of BPPV in children（<18 years） with vertigo who visited the Hearing and Vertigo Diagnosis and Treatment Center of Tianjin Medical University General Hospital from September 2017 to August 2023. The clinical characteristics of BPPV children, including general demographics, medical history, first visit department, comorbidities, canal involvement, response to treatment, and incidence of recurrence, were analyzed. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS 25.0 software. Results:BPPV was diagnosed in 22.8% of patients seen for vertigo during the study period. There are differences in the proportion of BPPV diagnosis among children with dizziness in different age groups（P<0.05）, and the diagnosis of BPPV in the 7-12-year-old group has a longer disease course than in the 13-17-year-old group（P<0.05）. 72.3%（47/65） of patients or their families were able to provide a typical history of positional vertigo. 49.2%（32/65） of BPPV patients had comorbidities, and there were differences in the proportion of comorbidities among different age groups of BPPV patients（P<0.05）. With the progress of study, the proportion of BPPV in children with vertigo has shown an upward trend, and the proportion of children with otolaryngology as the first diagnosis department has also increased（P<0.05）. The proportion of horizontal semicircular canals in children with BPPV has increased. All BPPV patients underwent canalith repositioning maneuvers, with good treatment outcomes and a recurrence rate of 12.3%（8/65）. The recurrence rate in the group of BPPV patients with comorbidities was 21.9%, which was higher than that in the group without comorbidities（P<0.05）. Conclusion:Childhood BPPV has clinical characteristics such as unclear medical history, high proportion of comorbidities, easy recurrence in BPPV children with comorbidities and high proportion of horizontal semicircular canal involvement. For children diagnosed with other vertigo diseases, do not ignore the BPPV diagnostic test. It is recommended to perform routine position tests on children with vertigo if conditions permit to reduce missed diagnosis of BPPV in children.
Humans ; Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo/diagnosis* ; Child ; Retrospective Studies ; Adolescent ; Female ; Male ; Recurrence ; Vertigo/diagnosis* ; Comorbidity ; Child, Preschool

Xiaoaiping (XAP) Injection demonstrates the anti-prostate cancer (PCa) effects, yet the underlying mechanism remains unclear. This study aims to investigate the impact of XAP on PCa and elucidate its mechanism of action. PCa cell proliferation was evaluated using a cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay. Cell apoptosis was assessed through Hoechst staining and Western blotting assays. Proteomics technology was employed to identify key molecules and significant signaling pathways modulated by XAP in PCa cells. To further validate potential key genes and important pathways, a series of assays were conducted, including acridine orange (AO) staining, transmission electron microscopy, and immunofluorescence assays. The molecular mechanism of XAP against PCa in vivo was examined using a PC3 xenograft mouse model. Results demonstrated that XAP significantly inhibited cell proliferation in multiple PCa cell lines. In C4-2 and prostate cancer cell line-3 (PC3) cells, XAP induced cellular apoptosis, evidenced by reduced B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) levels and elevated Bcl-2-associated X (Bax) levels. Proteomic, immunofluorescence, and quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) investigations revealed a strong correlation between forkhead box O3a (FoxO3a) autophagic degradation and the anti-PCa action of XAP. XAP hindered autophagy by reducing the expression levels of autophagy-related protein 5 (Atg5)/autophagy-related protein 12 (Atg12) and enhancing FoxO3a expression and nuclear translocation. Furthermore, XAP exhibited potent anti-PCa action in PC3 xenograft mice and triggered FoxO3a nuclear translocation in tumor tissue. These findings suggest that XAP induces PCa apoptosis via inhibition of FoxO3a autophagic degradation, potentially offering a novel perspective on XAP injection as an effective anticancer therapy for PCa.
Male ; Humans ; Prostatic Neoplasms/physiopathology* ; Autophagy/drug effects* ; Animals ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/pharmacology* ; Proteomics ; Mice ; Apoptosis/drug effects* ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation/drug effects* ; Forkhead Box Protein O3/genetics* ; Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays ; Mice, Nude ; Mice, Inbred BALB C

Objective To observe the correlations of artificial intelligence(AI)measured parameters on anteroposterior and lateral spinal X-ray films with the severity of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis(AIS).Methods Totally 1 786 AIS patients were retrospectively enrolled.Parameters including Cobb angle(CA),coronal balance distance(CBD),T1 slope(T1S),pelvic tilt(PT),sacral slope(SS),apical vertebral translation(AVT),thoracic trunk shift(TTS),thoracic kyphosis(TK)and sagittal vertical axis(SVA)on anteroposterior and lateral spinal X-ray films were measured using uAI DR scoliosis analysis system.The severity of AIS was evaluated according to CA,and the correlations between other parameters and the severity of AIS were explored.The above parameters were compared under different severity levels and coronal/sagittal equilibrium states.Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to screen the independent impact factors on the severity of AIS.Results Significant differences of the above parameters were found among different severity levels except for SVA(all P＜0.001).With the aggravation of AIS,CA,CBD,AVT and TTS increased successively(all P＜0.001).T1S of severe AIS was higher than that of mild and moderate AIS(both P＜0.001),PT and SS of moderate and severe AIS were all bigger,while their TK were smaller than those of mild AIS(all P＜0.001).Significant differences of CA,T1S,PT,SS,AVT,TTS and TK were found between coronal balanced and imbalanced AIS(all P＜0.05),while of TK were found between sagittal balanced and unbalanced AIS(P=0.026).CBD,T1S,PT,SS,AVT and TTS were all positively correlated(r,=0.136-0.606,all P＜0.001),while TK was negatively correlated(r,=—0.404,P＜0.001)with the severity of AIS.T1S,AVT and TTS were all independent impact factors of the severity of AIS(all P＜0.001).Conclusion Among AI measured parameters on anteroposterior and lateral spinal X-ray films,CBD,T1S,PT,SS,AVT and TTS were positively correlated,while TK was negatively correlated with the severity of AIS.

Bone defect repair is an urgent problem in the field of orthopedics,and numerous researchers are working to develop more effective treatment plans.The accurate evaluation of bone repair after surgery is a crucial step.In line with the development of computed tomography(CT)imaging,dual-energy CT imaging has shown significant advantages in analyzing bone composition and reducing metal artifacts.This article reviews the application of dual-energy CT imaging for the evaluation of bone repair in animals.

Objective:To study the epidemiological characteristics and clinical diagnosis of human brucellosis in Qujing City, Yunnan Province.Methods:Through the Infectious Disease Reporting Information Management System of the China Disease Prevention and Control Information System, the basic information and clinical diagnostic data of brucellosis cases reported in Qujing City from January 2008 to December 2023 were retrospectively collected. Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the epidemic profile, three distribution characteristics (time, population, region), and diagnosis of brucellosis.Results:A total of 1 417 brucellosis cases were reported in Qujing City from 2008 to 2023, with no death. The annual average incidence of brucellosis was 1.49/100 000, with no cases reported in 2009 and 2010, and the highest incidence in 2023 (7.82/100 000). The incidence of brucellosis showed an increasing trend year by year (χ 2trend = 1 874.58, P < 0.001). The number of cases from June to November accounted for 61.54% (872/1 417). The majority of brucellosis cases were in the age group of 36 - 65 years old, accounting for 67.82% (961/1 417). Among them, there were 954 males and 463 females, with a gender ratio of 2.06 ∶ 1.00. Farmers were the main occupation, accounting for 84.33% (1 195/1 417). The cases were mainly distributed in Luliang County (621 cases), Xuanwei City (282 cases) and Shizong County (137 cases), accounting for 73.39% (1 040/1 417). The median interval between onset and diagnosis was 13 days, and the cases with intervals ≤7 d, 8 - 30 d, and ≥31 d accounted for 32.11% (455/1 417), 40.16% (569/1 417), and 27.73% (393/1 417), respectively. Totally 63.94% (906/1 417) of the cases were confirmed in medical institutions in Qujing City. Conclusions:The incidence of brucellosis in Qujing City is increasing year by year, with men, middle-aged and elderly people and farmers as the main population, summer and autumn as the peak period, and Luliang County, Xuanwei City and Shizong County as the high incidence areas. Most cases have an interval of less than 30 days between onset and diagnosis, and can be diagnosed within the jurisdiction.

Bone defect repair is an urgent problem in the field of orthopedics,and numerous researchers are working to develop more effective treatment plans.The accurate evaluation of bone repair after surgery is a crucial step.In line with the development of computed tomography(CT)imaging,dual-energy CT imaging has shown significant advantages in analyzing bone composition and reducing metal artifacts.This article reviews the application of dual-energy CT imaging for the evaluation of bone repair in animals.

Objective:To assess the effect of using different thicknesses of reconstruction layer and different thicknesses of region of interest (ROI) on the results of vertebral bone mineral density (BMD) values that were measured by quantitative computed tomography (QCT). Methods:A total of 100 patients who underwent QCT screening for opportunistic osteoporosis between May and September 2021 at the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University were retrospectively collected. Images that the thicknesses of QCT reconstruction layer were respectively 1 and 5 mm were transferred to the QCT Pro workstation,and ROI thicknesses were adjusted to 5,7,and 9 mm,respectively. The average BMD values of QCT measurements were recorded under different thicknesses of reconstruction layer and different ROI thicknesses. Then,the effects of the choose of different thicknesses of reconstruction layer and the different ROI thicknesses on BMD values that were measured by QCT were analyzed. Results:The average BMD values of 1 mm and 5 mm thicknesses of reconstruction layer were respectively (117.41±45.97) mg/cm3 and (118.77±44.84) mg/cm3 when ROI thickness was 5 mm,with a statistically significant difference (t=-2.283,P<0.05). The average BMD values of 1 mm and 5 mm thicknesses of reconstruction layer were respectively (116.38±46.06) mg/cm3 and (119.06±44.55) mg/cm3 when the ROI thickness was 7mm,and the difference was statistically significant (t=-3.280,P<0.05). The average BMD values of 1 mm and 5 mm thicknesses of reconstruction layer were respectively (116.25±45.36) mg/cm3 and (120.12±44.10) mg/cm3 when the ROI thickness was 9 mm,and the difference was statistically significant (t=-5.841,P<0.001). The differences in BMD measurement values among 5,7 and 9 mm ROI thicknesses were not statistically significant when the thicknesses of reconstruction layer were respectively 1 and 5 mm. Conclusion:There is an effect of the thickness of QCT reconstruction layer on average BMD measurement values,and 1 mm thickness of reconstruction layer is more suitable to clinical application,while there is not significant effect in ROI thickness on average BMD measurement value of QCT. In clinical application,it is feasible to adjust ROI thickness according to actual situation so as to avoid the effect caused by some factors such as fracture or vertebral implants.

Objective:To assess the effect of using different thicknesses of reconstruction layer and different thicknesses of region of interest (ROI) on the results of vertebral bone mineral density (BMD) values that were measured by quantitative computed tomography (QCT). Methods:A total of 100 patients who underwent QCT screening for opportunistic osteoporosis between May and September 2021 at the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University were retrospectively collected. Images that the thicknesses of QCT reconstruction layer were respectively 1 and 5 mm were transferred to the QCT Pro workstation,and ROI thicknesses were adjusted to 5,7,and 9 mm,respectively. The average BMD values of QCT measurements were recorded under different thicknesses of reconstruction layer and different ROI thicknesses. Then,the effects of the choose of different thicknesses of reconstruction layer and the different ROI thicknesses on BMD values that were measured by QCT were analyzed. Results:The average BMD values of 1 mm and 5 mm thicknesses of reconstruction layer were respectively (117.41±45.97) mg/cm3 and (118.77±44.84) mg/cm3 when ROI thickness was 5 mm,with a statistically significant difference (t=-2.283,P<0.05). The average BMD values of 1 mm and 5 mm thicknesses of reconstruction layer were respectively (116.38±46.06) mg/cm3 and (119.06±44.55) mg/cm3 when the ROI thickness was 7mm,and the difference was statistically significant (t=-3.280,P<0.05). The average BMD values of 1 mm and 5 mm thicknesses of reconstruction layer were respectively (116.25±45.36) mg/cm3 and (120.12±44.10) mg/cm3 when the ROI thickness was 9 mm,and the difference was statistically significant (t=-5.841,P<0.001). The differences in BMD measurement values among 5,7 and 9 mm ROI thicknesses were not statistically significant when the thicknesses of reconstruction layer were respectively 1 and 5 mm. Conclusion:There is an effect of the thickness of QCT reconstruction layer on average BMD measurement values,and 1 mm thickness of reconstruction layer is more suitable to clinical application,while there is not significant effect in ROI thickness on average BMD measurement value of QCT. In clinical application,it is feasible to adjust ROI thickness according to actual situation so as to avoid the effect caused by some factors such as fracture or vertebral implants.

Objective To observe the correlations of artificial intelligence(AI)measured parameters on anteroposterior and lateral spinal X-ray films with the severity of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis(AIS).Methods Totally 1 786 AIS patients were retrospectively enrolled.Parameters including Cobb angle(CA),coronal balance distance(CBD),T1 slope(T1S),pelvic tilt(PT),sacral slope(SS),apical vertebral translation(AVT),thoracic trunk shift(TTS),thoracic kyphosis(TK)and sagittal vertical axis(SVA)on anteroposterior and lateral spinal X-ray films were measured using uAI DR scoliosis analysis system.The severity of AIS was evaluated according to CA,and the correlations between other parameters and the severity of AIS were explored.The above parameters were compared under different severity levels and coronal/sagittal equilibrium states.Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to screen the independent impact factors on the severity of AIS.Results Significant differences of the above parameters were found among different severity levels except for SVA(all P＜0.001).With the aggravation of AIS,CA,CBD,AVT and TTS increased successively(all P＜0.001).T1S of severe AIS was higher than that of mild and moderate AIS(both P＜0.001),PT and SS of moderate and severe AIS were all bigger,while their TK were smaller than those of mild AIS(all P＜0.001).Significant differences of CA,T1S,PT,SS,AVT,TTS and TK were found between coronal balanced and imbalanced AIS(all P＜0.05),while of TK were found between sagittal balanced and unbalanced AIS(P=0.026).CBD,T1S,PT,SS,AVT and TTS were all positively correlated(r,=0.136-0.606,all P＜0.001),while TK was negatively correlated(r,=—0.404,P＜0.001)with the severity of AIS.T1S,AVT and TTS were all independent impact factors of the severity of AIS(all P＜0.001).Conclusion Among AI measured parameters on anteroposterior and lateral spinal X-ray films,CBD,T1S,PT,SS,AVT and TTS were positively correlated,while TK was negatively correlated with the severity of AIS.

Objective:To identify the serotype and genotype characteristics of the first cluster infection of Brucella in Nujiang Lisu Autonomous Prefecture of Yunnan Province. Methods:The information of seven suspected cluster brucellosis cases reported in Lanping County, Nujiang Lisu Autonomous Prefecture in April 2023 were collected, blood samples were collected, and the strains were isolated and cultured. Serological methods were employed for brucellosis diagnosis, bacterial species identification was performed using BCSP31-PCR and AMOS-PCR. Multilocus locus variable-number tandem repeat analysis (MLVA) was conducted for strain genotyping, followed by phylogenetic analysis comparing the strains with those from other regions of China.Results:All seven cases were diagnosed with brucellosis, they were all villagers from the same village and had daily contact with sheeps. Four suspected Brucella strains were isolated, identified as Brucella melitensis biotype by BCSP31-PCR and AMOS-PCR. The four isolated strains exhibited identical MLVA-16 genotype, with MLVA-8 genotype 42 and MLVA-11 genotype 180, belonging to the Eastern Mediterranean lineage. Compared with the MLVA-16 of the isolated strains from other regions of China, the four isolated strains formed an independent cluster. Conclusion:The first cluster infection of Brucella in Nujiang Lisu Autonomous Prefecture of Yunnan Province is caused by Brucella melitensis biotype, and the four isolated strains have showed unique MLVA genotype.