ObjectiveTo analyze the research status, hotspots and development trends in the application of virtual reality (VR) technology in managing negative emotions and postoperative rehabilitation of perioperative patients over the past decade. MethodsLiteratures related to the application of VR technology in managing negative emotions and postoperative rehabilitation of perioperative patients were retrieved from Web of Science Core Collection database and CNKI, covering the period from January, 2015 to August, 2025, and CiteSpace 6.3.R1 was used for bibliometric analysis. ResultsA total of 267 English literatures and 130 Chinese literatures were included, with the annual number of publications showing an upward trend. The United States was the country with the largest number of publications in English literatures, and Erasmus University Rotterdam was the institution with the largest number of publications. High-frequency keywords included virtual reality, pain, surgery, anxiety and distraction. Research hotspots mainly focused on functional exercise, negative emotions, pain management and multimodal intervention strategies. English researches were deepening towards virtual reality exposure therapy, mechanism exploration and personalized schemes, while Chinese researches focused more on the verification of rehabilitation effects. ConclusionResearches on the application of VR technology in the management of perioperative patients are rapidly developing, with research hotspots shifting from single technology application to multimodal and personalized integrated intervention. Future research should focus on exploring its intervention mechanisms, personalized schemes and the breadth of cross-departmental applications.

BACKGROUND:Pearl powder is rich in many active ingredients,which can promote the proliferation and migration of fibroblasts,thus promoting wound healing and skin tissue regeneration.However,the effect of nano-pearl powder water-soluble matrix on proliferation,migration and apoptosis of mouse fibroblasts L929 has not been reported.OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effect of nano-pearl powder water-soluble matrix on the proliferation,migration and apoptosis of mouse fibroblasts L929.METHODS:Passage 6 L929 cells were divided into five groups.The negative control group did not add any material;the positive control group added PBS,and the low,medium and high mass concentration groups of water-soluble matrix were added with 10,25 and 40 μg/mL of nano-pearl powder water-soluble matrix,respectively.The proliferation of L929 cells was detected by MTT assay.The migration ability of L929 cells was detected by Transwell.The apoptosis rate of L929 cells was detected by flow cytometry.The expressions of apoptosis-related proteins Bax,Bcl-2,and Caspase-1 were detected by western blot assay.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)The results of MTT assay and Transwell chamber experiment showed that the water-soluble matrix of nano-pearl powder could promote the proliferation and migration of L929 cells,and it was concentration dependent.(2)Flow cytometry and western blot assay results showed that the water-soluble matrix of nano-pearl powder could reduce the apoptosis rate of L929 cells and the protein expression of Bax and Caspase-1,and increase the expression of Bcl-2 protein,and it was concentration dependent.(3)These findings exhibited that the water-soluble matrix of nano-pearl powder could inhibit cell apoptosis under high mass concentration treatment.The results show that the water-soluble matrix of nano-pearl powder can promote the proliferation and migration of fibroblasts and inhibit the apoptosis of fibroblasts.

BACKGROUND:Pearl powder is rich in many active ingredients,which can promote the proliferation and migration of fibroblasts,thus promoting wound healing and skin tissue regeneration.However,the effect of nano-pearl powder water-soluble matrix on proliferation,migration and apoptosis of mouse fibroblasts L929 has not been reported.OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effect of nano-pearl powder water-soluble matrix on the proliferation,migration and apoptosis of mouse fibroblasts L929.METHODS:Passage 6 L929 cells were divided into five groups.The negative control group did not add any material;the positive control group added PBS,and the low,medium and high mass concentration groups of water-soluble matrix were added with 10,25 and 40 μg/mL of nano-pearl powder water-soluble matrix,respectively.The proliferation of L929 cells was detected by MTT assay.The migration ability of L929 cells was detected by Transwell.The apoptosis rate of L929 cells was detected by flow cytometry.The expressions of apoptosis-related proteins Bax,Bcl-2,and Caspase-1 were detected by western blot assay.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)The results of MTT assay and Transwell chamber experiment showed that the water-soluble matrix of nano-pearl powder could promote the proliferation and migration of L929 cells,and it was concentration dependent.(2)Flow cytometry and western blot assay results showed that the water-soluble matrix of nano-pearl powder could reduce the apoptosis rate of L929 cells and the protein expression of Bax and Caspase-1,and increase the expression of Bcl-2 protein,and it was concentration dependent.(3)These findings exhibited that the water-soluble matrix of nano-pearl powder could inhibit cell apoptosis under high mass concentration treatment.The results show that the water-soluble matrix of nano-pearl powder can promote the proliferation and migration of fibroblasts and inhibit the apoptosis of fibroblasts.

BACKGROUND:Human endometrial mesenchymal stem cells can directly repair the damaged endometrium,promote angiogenesis,and restore the morphological structure of the uterus.However,after the direct injection of stem cells into the damaged endometrium,the cell survival rate is low,the retention time is short,and the repair effect is limited.OBJECTIVE:To observe the effect of polycaprolactone-hyaluronic acid electrospinning membrane combined with human endometrial mesenchymal stem cells on endometrial injury in rats.METHODS:(1)Cell experiment:Human endometrial mesenchymal stem cells were extracted by collagenase digestion method.Polycaprolactone-hyaluronic acid electrospinning membrane was prepared by electrospinning technology.The human endometrial mesenchymal stem cells were inoculated on polystyrene culture plate and polycaprolactone-hyaluronic acid electrospinning membrane.The proliferation and adhesion of the cells were observed by DNA quantitative analysis,WST-1 cell activity test,phalloidin staining,and scanning electron microscopy.The mRNA expressions of CD90 and Meflin in electrospun membrane were detected by qRT-PCR.(2)Animal experiments:27 female SD rats in estrus were selected to establish uterine adhesion model by mechanical scratching method and randomly divided into three groups with nine rats in each group:The blank control group did not receive any treatment;the control group was implanted with polycaprolacton-hyaluronic acid electrospinning membrane;the experimental group was implanted with polycaprolacton-hyaluronic acid electrospinning membrane/human endometrial mesenchymal stem cell mesh.Samples were collected at 3,7,and 14 days after surgery.Hematoxylin-eosin staining was used to observe the morphological structure of uterus and the number of glands.qRT-PCR and immunofluorescence staining were used to observe the expression of CD31 and vascular endothelial growth factor in uterine tissue.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)Cell experiment:Compared with polystyrene culture plate,polycaprolactone-hyaluronic acid electrospinning membrane could promote the proliferation and adhesion of human endometrial mesenchymal stem cells.Polycaprolactone-hyaluronic acid electrospinning membrane supported the expression of CD90 and Meflin genes of human endometrial mesenchymal stem cells.(2)Animal experiments:Hematoxylin-eosin staining showed that polycaprolactic-hyaluronic acid electrospinning membrane/human endometrial mesenchymal stem cell patch could promote the recovery of endometrial morphological structure after injury.The endometrial thickness and number of gland on day 14 after surgery were higher than those in blank control group and control group(P<0.05).qRT-PCR and immunofluorescence staining showed that the mRNA and protein expressions of CD31 and vascular endothelial growth factor in the experimental group were higher than those in the blank control group and the control group at 7 and 14 days after surgery(P<0.05).(3)The results showed that polycaprolacton-hyaluronic acid electrospinning membrane could improve the survival rate of stem cells and prolong the contact time between stem cells and the damaged tissue,and the composite transplantation of the two could better repair the damaged endometrial tissue.

BACKGROUND:Small diameter artificial vessels are urgently needed to treat coronary artery and peripheral artery diseases in clinical practice.At present,vascular tissue engineering has become the main method for preparing small diameter artificial vessels.Selecting suitable biomaterials and cell sources is the key factor for successful construction of small diameter tissue engineered vessels. OBJECTIVE:To observe the effect of four kinds of electrospinning membrane materials on proliferation,adhesion and differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells into vascular smooth muscle cells. METHODS:Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were isolated and extracted from SD rats.The bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were inoculated separately on polycaprolactone(PCL),polycaprolactone-hyaluronic acid(PCL-HA),polycaprolactone-silk-filament proteins(PCL-SF),and polycaprolactone-gelatin(PCL-GEL)electrospinning membrane materials.After 1,3,and 7 days of culture,the cell arrangement on the material was observed under scanning electron microscope.The proliferation and adhesion of the material were observed by phalloidin staining.The mRNA expressions of CD90,Meflin,and transforming growth factor β were detected by qRT-PCR.After 7 days of induced differentiation into vascular smooth muscle cells,the mRNA expression ofɑ-smooth muscle actin on the material was detected by qRT-PCR. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were arranged along the fibers of the four kinds of electrospinning membranes under scanning electron microscopy.(2)Phalloidin staining showed the regular distribution of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells on the four kinds of electrospinning membranes and parallel distribution along the fiber direction.Moreover,PCL-HA,PCL-SF,and PCL-GEL electrospinning membranes were more conducive to the proliferation and adhesion of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells than PCL electrospinning membranes.Compared with PCL-HA and PCL-GEL electrospinning membranes,PCL-SF electrospinning membranes were more conducive to the proliferation and adhesion of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells.(3)qRT-PCR showed that the four kinds of electrospun membrane materials could maintain the mRNA expression of CD90 and Meflin in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells,but there was no significant difference between groups(P>0.05).The mRNA expression of transforming growth factor β in PCL-HA,PCL-SF,and PCL-GEL groups was higher than that in PCL group on days 1 and 7(P<0.05),and the mRNA expression of transforming growth factor β in PCL-SF group was higher than that in the other three groups on days 3 and 7(P<0.05).The mRNA expression of transforming growth factor β in PCL-HA group was higher than that in PCL-GEL group on day 7(P<0.05).(4)qRT-PCR showed that the mRNA expression of ɑ-smooth muscle actin in PCL-SF group was higher than that in the other three groups(P<0.05),and that in PCL-HA group was higher than that in PCL group(P<0.05).(5)The results indicate that compared with PCL,PCL-HA and PCL-GEL electrospinning membranes,PCL-SF electrospinning membranes combined with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells are more suitable for the preparation of small diameter tissue engineered vessels.

Objective: To investigate the treatment outcomes and influencing factors among elderly patients with pulmonary tuberculosis in Lishui City, Zhejiang Province, so as to provide a basis for optimizing the prevention and control strategies of pulmonary tuberculosis and reducing the risk of adverse treatment outcomes among elderly patients. Methods: Data on patients aged ≥60 years with pulmonary tuberculosis in Lishui City from 2016 to 2022 were collected from the Tuberculosis Information Management System of the China Disease Prevention and Control Information System, including basic information, diagnosis and treatment details, and laboratory test results. The successful treatment rate and the incidence of adverse treatment outcomes were calculated. Factors affecting adverse treatment outcomes among elderly patients with pulmonary tuberculosis were analyzed using multivariable logistic regression model. Results: A total of 3 094 elderly patients with pulmonary tuberculosis were registered in Lishui City from 2016 to 2022, with a median age of 70 (interquartile range, 13) years. There were 2 396 male patients (77.44%) and 698 female patients (22.56%). A total of 2 676 patients achieved successful treatment, with a successful treatment rate of 86.49%. The successful treatment rate demonstrated a significant upward trend from 2016 to 2022 (P<0.05). There were 418 patients with adverse treatment outcomes, accounting for an incidence of 13.51%. The main types of adverse outcomes were death and loss to follow-up, with 199 and 100 patients, accounting for 47.61% and 23.92%, respectively. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that elderly patients with pulmonary tuberculosis who were male (OR=1.333, 95%CI: 1.018-1.745), aged ≥70 years (70-<80 years, OR=1.909, 95%CI: 1.469-2.481; ≥80 years, OR=3.878, 95%CI: 2.967-5.068), living in rural areas (OR=1.332, 95%CI: 1.068-1.661), with positive etiological results (OR=1.470, 95%CI: 1.143-1.889), and undergoing retreatment (OR=1.923, 95%CI: 1.419-2.607) had a higher risk of adverse treatment outcomes. Conclusions The successful treatment rate showed an upward trend among elderly patients with pulmonary tuberculosis in Lishui City from 2016 to 2022. Gender, age, place of residence, etiological results, and treatment type were influencing factors for adverse treatment outcomes among elderly patients with pulmonary tuberculosis.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the impact of albumin (Alb) administration on the prognosis of patients with acute kidney injury (AKI). METHODS: Clinical data of AKI patients in the intensive care unit (ICU) were retrospectively analyzed from the American Medical Information Mart of Intensive Care-IV (MIMIC-IV), including demographic data, acute physiology score (APS), comorbidities, vital signs, laboratory indicators, treatment status, ICU length of stay, and outcome indicators. The main outcome measure is ICU mortality. AKI patients were divided into Alb infusion group and Alb non infusion group based on whether they received Alb treatment. Multiple imputation was used to process missing data and eliminate variables that missing more than 30%. To ensure the stability of the results, propensity score matching (PSM) and inverse probability weighting (IPW) were used to correct the results. Using Kaplan-Meier survival curve and Cox proportional hazards regression model to evaluate the effect of Alb infusion on ICU survival rate in AKI patients. Perform subgroup analysis based on patient age, gender, and comorbidities to evaluate the prognostic effects of Alb on different patient subgroups. RESULTS: A total of 6 390 AKI patients were included, including 1 721 in the Alb infusion group and 4 669 in the Alb non infusion group. After adjusting for key covariates in the Cox regression model, compared with the Alb non infusion group, patients in the Alb infusion group were significantly younger in age, with APS III score, proportion of vasoactive drugs and continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) use, sepsis proportion, heart rate, respiratory frequency, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), creatinine (Cr), lactic acid (Lac), and arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO₂) levels significantly higher. The proportion of hypertension, myocardial infarction, and congestive heart failure, as well as blood pressure, urine output, platelet count (PLT), and Alb levels were significantly lower. The results of univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis on the raw data showed that the risk of death in the Alb infusion group was significantly lower than that in the Alb non infusion group [hazard ratio (HR) = 0.69, 95% confidence interval (95%CI) was 0.60-0.80, all P < 0.05]. The results after propensity score matching (PSM) and inverse probability weighting (IPW) processing are consistent with the original data trend (both P < 0.05). The Kaplan-Meier survival curve showed that the cumulative survival rate during ICU stay in the Alb infusion group was significantly higher than that in the Alb non infusion group (24.48% vs. 12.17%, Log-Rank test: χ² = 74.26, P < 0.05). Subgroup analysis shows that Alb infusion has a more significant survival benefit for AKI patients who use vasoactive drugs, have concurrent sepsis, and do not have liver disease. CONCLUSION Albumin infusion can decrease the ICU mortality of AKI patients.
Humans ; Retrospective Studies ; Acute Kidney Injury/mortality* ; Prognosis ; Male ; Female ; Middle Aged ; Aged ; Intensive Care Units ; Albumins/therapeutic use* ; Proportional Hazards Models ; Adult ; Databases, Factual

Objective To evaluate the effects of the method of blood-cooling and blood stasis-resolving on heart function and prognosis in patients with sepsis-induced myocardial dysfunction(SIMD).Methods Sixty patients with SIMD admitted to the department of critical care medicine of Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine from June 2022 to October 2024 were enrolled as study subjects.The patients were divided into treatment group and control group according to random number table,with 30 patients in each group.All patients received conventional treatments,the patients in the treatment group were given Taohe Chengqi decoction(Persicae Semen 12 g,Chinese rhubarb 12 g,Cinnamon twig 6 g,Licorice root 6 g and Sodium Sulfate 6 g),the decoction was concentrated to 200 mL and taken in 2 divided doses in the morning and evening,one dose daily;and the patients in the control group were given the same amount of warm water.The total course of treatment lasts for 7 days.The differences in indicators of cardiac function[brain natriuretic peptide(BNP),cardiac troponin I(cTnI),MB isoenzyme of creatine kinase(CK-MB),aspartate aminotransferase(AST)]and echocardiographic parameters[left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF),left ventricular end-diastolic diameter(LVEDD),left ventricular end-systolic diameter(LVESD),mitral orifice early/late diastolic blood flow velocity ratio(E/A ratio),E/mitral and tricuspid valve ostia and the peak early diastolic velocity(E/e')]at admission,at 1st and 7th day after treatment,and prognosis indexes[mechanical ventilation time,intensive care unit(ICU)length of stay,total hospital stay,28-day survival rate]were compared between two groups.Draw the Kaplan-Meier survival curve and compare the difference in the 28-day cumulative survival rate between the two groups of patients.Results After 7 days therapy,LVEF of the treatment group was significantly higher than that the control(0.524±0.132 vs.0.458±0.118,P<0.05)and E/e'ratio of the treatment group was significantly lower than the control group[11.17(9.57,12.04)vs.11.82(11.28,13.72),P<0.05].There were no significant differences in the 28-day mortality and total hospital stay time between the two groups,but mechanical ventilation time[days:7.00(0.00,11.00)vs.12.50(3.50,21.75),P<0.05]and stay time of ICU[days:14.50(7.75,25.00)vs.21.00(14.25,31.50),P<0.05]in the treatment group were shorter than those in the control group.The Kaplan-Meier survival showed that the cumulative 28-day survival rate was similar between two groups(Log-Rank:χ2=1.448,P=0.229).Conclusion The method of blood-cooling and blood stasis-resolving could decrease mechanical ventilation time and length of stay in ICU of SIMD patients and could increase LVEF in the treatment group.

Objective:To explore the impact of female body mass index (BMI) on pregnancy outcomes in artificial insemination with donor sperm (AID).Methods:A retrospective cohort study was conducted on 4 484 couples with 9 852 AID treatment cycles treated at Reproductive Center of Guangdong Institute of Reproductive Science from January 2011 to September 2024. Participants were divided into four groups based on BMI: low BMI group (BMI<18.5 kg/m 2), normal BMI group (18.5 kg/m 2≤BMI<24.0 kg/m 2), overweight group (24.0 kg/m 2≤BMI<28.0 kg/m 2), and obese group (BMI≥28.0 kg/m 2). General characteristics and pregnancy outcomes were compared across groups. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was used to calculate cumulative pregnancy rates from one to six cycles. Generalized estimating equations (GEE), univariate and multivariate logistic and Cox regression analysis were performed, adjusting for age, basal follicle-stimulating hormone, basal luteinizing hormone, endometrial thickness, clinical diagnosis, and treatment protocol, to explore correlations between female BMI and clinical pregnancy rate, spontaneous abortion rate, and cumulative pregnancy rate. Results:1) There were no statistically significant differences in clinical pregnancy rate and spontaneous abortion rate among the low BMI group, the normal BMI group, the overweight group, and the obesity group (all P>0.05). 2) Cumulative pregnancy rates for AID cycles 1-6 were 17.60%, 31.60%, 43.08%, 54.37%, 61.83% and 73.68%, respectively. 3) Multivariate GEE analysis revealed that female age ( OR=0.962, 95% CI: 0.950-0.974, P<0.001), endometrial thickness ( OR=1.040, 95% CI:1.011-1.069, P=0.006), and natural cycles ( OR=1.171, 95% CI: 1.060-1.294, P=0.002) influenced clinical pregnancy rates. Compared with the normal BMI group, there were no statistically significant differences in clinical pregnancy rates of low BMI group, overweight group, and obese group (all P>0.05). Multivariate logistic analysis showed that female age ( OR=1.051, 95% CI: 1.012-1.091, P=0.010), endometrial thickness ( OR=0.920 , 95% CI: 0.847-1.000, P=0.049) and polycystic ovary syndrome ( OR=1.927, 95% CI: 1.044-3.556, P=0.036) influenced spontaneous abortion rates. Compared with the normal BMI group, there were no statistically significant differences in spontaneous abortion rates of low BMI group, overweight group and obese group (all P>0.05). 4) Cox regression analysis indicated that female age ( HR=0.939, 95% CI: 0.928-0.950, P<0.001), endometrial thickness ( HR=1.039, 95% CI: 1.013-1.066, P=0.003) and natural cycles ( HR=1.957, 95% CI: 1.785-2.146, P<0.001) influenced cumulative pregnancy rates. Compared with the normal BMI group, there were no statistically significant differences in cumulative pregnancy rates of low BMI group, overweight group and obese group (all P>0.05). Conclusion:Female BMI does not significantly affect clinical pregnancy rates, spontaneous abortion rates and cumulative pregnancy rates in AID.

Objective:To explore the impact of female body mass index (BMI) on pregnancy outcomes in artificial insemination with donor sperm (AID).Methods:A retrospective cohort study was conducted on 4 484 couples with 9 852 AID treatment cycles treated at Reproductive Center of Guangdong Institute of Reproductive Science from January 2011 to September 2024. Participants were divided into four groups based on BMI: low BMI group (BMI<18.5 kg/m 2), normal BMI group (18.5 kg/m 2≤BMI<24.0 kg/m 2), overweight group (24.0 kg/m 2≤BMI<28.0 kg/m 2), and obese group (BMI≥28.0 kg/m 2). General characteristics and pregnancy outcomes were compared across groups. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was used to calculate cumulative pregnancy rates from one to six cycles. Generalized estimating equations (GEE), univariate and multivariate logistic and Cox regression analysis were performed, adjusting for age, basal follicle-stimulating hormone, basal luteinizing hormone, endometrial thickness, clinical diagnosis, and treatment protocol, to explore correlations between female BMI and clinical pregnancy rate, spontaneous abortion rate, and cumulative pregnancy rate. Results:1) There were no statistically significant differences in clinical pregnancy rate and spontaneous abortion rate among the low BMI group, the normal BMI group, the overweight group, and the obesity group (all P>0.05). 2) Cumulative pregnancy rates for AID cycles 1-6 were 17.60%, 31.60%, 43.08%, 54.37%, 61.83% and 73.68%, respectively. 3) Multivariate GEE analysis revealed that female age ( OR=0.962, 95% CI: 0.950-0.974, P<0.001), endometrial thickness ( OR=1.040, 95% CI:1.011-1.069, P=0.006), and natural cycles ( OR=1.171, 95% CI: 1.060-1.294, P=0.002) influenced clinical pregnancy rates. Compared with the normal BMI group, there were no statistically significant differences in clinical pregnancy rates of low BMI group, overweight group, and obese group (all P>0.05). Multivariate logistic analysis showed that female age ( OR=1.051, 95% CI: 1.012-1.091, P=0.010), endometrial thickness ( OR=0.920 , 95% CI: 0.847-1.000, P=0.049) and polycystic ovary syndrome ( OR=1.927, 95% CI: 1.044-3.556, P=0.036) influenced spontaneous abortion rates. Compared with the normal BMI group, there were no statistically significant differences in spontaneous abortion rates of low BMI group, overweight group and obese group (all P>0.05). 4) Cox regression analysis indicated that female age ( HR=0.939, 95% CI: 0.928-0.950, P<0.001), endometrial thickness ( HR=1.039, 95% CI: 1.013-1.066, P=0.003) and natural cycles ( HR=1.957, 95% CI: 1.785-2.146, P<0.001) influenced cumulative pregnancy rates. Compared with the normal BMI group, there were no statistically significant differences in cumulative pregnancy rates of low BMI group, overweight group and obese group (all P>0.05). Conclusion:Female BMI does not significantly affect clinical pregnancy rates, spontaneous abortion rates and cumulative pregnancy rates in AID.