Objective: To investigate the status of heat illness, knowledge awareness and adaptive behaviors of heat wave knowledge among food delivery riders, so as to provide a basis for optimizing heat wave response measures for food delivery riders. Methods: In November 2022, food delivery riders from a large food delivery platform in Ningbo City, Zhejiang Province were selected as survey subjects using a cluster sampling method. A self-designed electronic questionnaire was used to select demographic information, work status, lifestyle behaviors and disease history, heat illness status, knowledge awareness and adaptive behaviors of heatwave. Results: A total of 911 questionnaires were distributed, and 830 valid questionnaires were recovered, resulting in a valid response rate of 91.11%. Among the respondents, 796 (95.90%) were male, and 818 (98.55%) worked full-time. The mean age was (27.75±8.00) years. A total of 470 respondents (56.63%) had a work tenure of less than 1 year. The primary working hours were 8-<12 hours, with 504 people accounting for 60.72%. There were 108 cases of heatstroke, with an occurrence rate of 13.01%. And 286 people reported heat-related symptoms, with an occurrence rate of 34.46%. The overall awareness rate of heat wave knowledge was 73.22%, while the awareness rate of heat warning signal classification was relatively low at 9.04%. The heat wave cognition score was (5.86±1.31) points. There were statistically significant differences in heat wave cognition scores among food delivery riders of different ages, educational levels, family annual income, work tenures, and work durations (all P<0.05). Regarding positive adaptive behaviors, the number of riders paying attention to weather forecasts and actively learning about preventive measures was higher (734 people each, accounting for 88.43%). Regarding negative adaptive behaviors, the number of riders who often drank ice-cold beverages was higher (509 people, accounting for 61.33%). The heat wave adaptive behavior score was (6.88±1.77) points. There were statistically significant differences in adaptive behavior scores among riders with different educational levels, family annual income, work tenures, and smoking frequency (all P<0.05). Conclusions The occurrence rates of heatstroke and heat-related symptoms among food delivery riders are relatively high. The knowledge awareness and adaptive behaviors regarding heat wave are at a moderate level. It is suggested to strengthen health education, reinforce risk cognition of heat wave, and promote positive adaptive behaviors among food delivery riders.

Objective To explore the application of plasma 7 microRNA (miR7) testing in the differential diagnosis of very early-stage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods This study is a multicenter real-world study. Patients with single hepatic lesion (maximum diameter≤2 cm) who underwent plasma miR7 testing at Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Anhui Provincial Hospital, and Peking University People’s Hospital between January 2019 and December 2024 were retrospectively enrolled. Patients were divided into very early-stage HCC group and non-HCC group, and the clinical pathological characteristics of the two groups were compared. The value of plasma miR7 levels, alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), and des-gamma-carboxy prothrombin (DCP) in the differential diagnosis of very early-stage HCC was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and area under the curve (AUC). In patients with both negative AFP and DCP (AFP＜20 ng/mL, DCP＜40 mAU/mL), the diagnostic value of plasma miR7 for very early-stage HCC was analyzed. Results A total of 64 528 patients from 4 hospitals underwent miR7 testing, and 1 682 were finally included, of which 1 073 were diagnosed with very early-stage HCC and 609 were diagnosed with non-HCC. The positive rate of miR7 in HCC patients was significantly higher than that in non-HCC patients (67.9% vs 24.3%, P＜0.001). ROC curves showed that the AUCs for miR7, AFP, and DCP in distinguishing HCC patients from the non-HCC individuals were 0.718, 0.682, and 0.642, respectively. The sensitivities were 67.85%, 43.71%, and 44.45%, and the specificities were 75.70%, 92.78%, and 83.91%, respectively. The pairwise comparison of AUCs showed that the diagnostic efficacy of plasma miR7 detection was significantly better than that of AFP or DCP (P＜0.05). Although its specificity was slightly lower than AFP and DCP, the sensitivity was significantly higher. Among patients negative for both AFP and DCP, miR7 maintained an AUC of 0.728 for diagnosing very early-stage HCC, with 67.82% sensitivity and 77.73% specificity. Conclusions Plasma miR7 testing is a potential molecular marker with high sensitivity and specificity for the differential diagnosis of small hepatic nodules. In patients with very early-stage HCC lacking effective molecular markers (negative for both AFP and DCP), miR7 can serve as a novel and effective molecular marker to assist diagnosis.

Objective:To investigate the effect of early enteral nutrition on intestinal function in patients with complicated intra-abdominal infection.Methods:In this study,a prospective single-center randomized controlled trial was used to select 88 patients with severe abdominal infections in the surgical intensive care ward from January 2021 to December 2023.Among them,65 patients were eligible and were randomly divided into 33cases in the intervention group(who received early enteral nutrition),and 32cases in the control group(who did not receive early enteral nutrition).The clinical baseline characteristics of the two groups,conditions such as abdominal distension and diarrhea during enteral nutrition,intra-abdominal pressure,the time to reach the standard of complete enteral nutrition,and the indexes of pre-albumin,CRP,and leukocyte count on the third and the seventh day postoperative day were observed.The t-test was used to compare between groups for normally distributed measures.The Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare between groups for skewed measures.The χ2 test or continuity-corrected χ2 test was used to compare the count data between groups.Repeated measures data were analyzed by repeated measures ANOVA.Results:The clinical baseline characteristics of the two groups were completely matched;There were significant differences in the changes of intra-abdominal pressure over time between the two groups(Fgroup=9.665,P=0.004),There were significant differences in the changes of intra-abdominal pressure over time between the two intervention group(Ftime=64.124,P<0.001)and the control group.and the trend of intra-abdominal pressure reduction in the intervention group was more significant than that in the control group(Finteractive=3.938,P=0.023);The time required for the recovery of bowel sounds was significantly shorter in the experimental group than in the control group[(19.5±3.5)h vs(35.3±4.5)h,P<0.001,t=15.829];there was no significant difference in the frequency of abdominal distention,vomiting and aspiration between the two groups(P>0.05),and the difference in the frequency of diarrhea was statistically significant(P=0.003);The time to reach the standard of enteral nutrition in the intervention group was shorter than that in the control group[(6.3±1.2)d vs(7.4±1.5)d,P=0.002];The total hospital stay of the intervention group was significantly shorter than that of the control group[(11±3.2)d vs(14±4.1)d,P=0.007].The prealbumin(0.21±0.2,0.28±0.2)g/L,CRP(175.5±23.6,45.4±14.5)mg/L,and white blood cell count(11.7±2.9,9.1±3.5)109/L of the intervention group on the 3rd and 7th days after surgery were significantly improved compared with those of the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:Early enteral nutrition can effectively promote the recovery of intestinal function in patients with complicated intra-abdominal infection.

Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) capable of clearing heat and removing toxin is most commonly used in clinical practice and has the effect of removing fire-heat and toxin. Studies have shown that most of the Ilex plants have the effect of clearing heat and removing toxin, among which the varieties of I. cornuta, I. pubescens, I. rotunda, I. latifolia, and I. chinensis are most widely used. These plants generally contain triterpenoids and their glycosides, alkaloids, flavonoids, phenylpropanoids, and other chemical components, especially pentacyclic triterpenoids. According to their skeletons, pentacyclic triterpenoids can be divided into the oleanane type, the ursane type, the lupinane type, etc. Among them, ursane-type components are the most abundant, and 136 species have been found so far. These components have been proved to have pharmacological effects such as anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, hypolipidemic, anti-thrombosis, cardiomyocyte-protective, antibacterial, and hepatoprotective effects. Therefore, this paper systematically reviews the domestic and foreign literature on Ilex plants with a focus on the research progress on pentacyclic triterpenoids and their pharmacological activities, aiming to provide reference for the development of TCM resources with the effect of clearing heat and removing toxin.
Ilex/chemistry* ; Plants, Medicinal/chemistry* ; Pentacyclic Triterpenes/pharmacology* ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/pharmacology* ; Humans ; Animals

This study aims to explore the mechanism through which Yishen Jiangtang Decoction(YSJTD) regulates endoplasmic reticulum stress(ERS)-mediated NOD-like receptor thermal protein domain associated protein 3(NLRP3) inflammasome to improve diabetic nephropathy(DN) in db/db mice. Thirty db/db mice were randomly divided into the model group, YSJTD group, ERS inhibitor 4-phenylbutyric acid(4-PBA) group, with 10 mice in each group. Additionally, 10 db/m mice were selected as the control group. The YSJTD group was orally administered YSJTD at a dose of 0.01 mL·g~(-1), the 4-PBA group was orally administered 4-PBA at a dose of 0.5 mg·g~(-1), and the control and model groups were given an equal volume of carboxylmethyl cellulose sodium. The treatments were administered once daily for 8 weeks. Food intake, water consumption, and body weight were recorded every 2 weeks. After the intervention, fasting blood glucose(FBG), glycosylated hemoglobin(HbA1c), urine microalbumin(U-mALB), 24-hour urine volume, serum creatinine(Scr), and blood urea nitrogen(BUN) were measured. Inflammatory markers interleukin-1β(IL-1β) and interleukin-18(IL-18) were detected using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA). Renal pathology was assessed through hematoxylin-eosin(HE), periodic acid-Schiff(PAS), and Masson staining, and transmission electron microscopy(TEM). Western blot was used to detect the expression levels of glucose-regulated protein 78(GRP78), C/EBP homologous protein(CHOP), NLRP3, apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing CARD(ASC), cysteinyl aspartate-specific proteinase(caspase-1), and gasdermin D(GSDMD) in kidney tissues. The results showed that compared to the control group, the model group exhibited poor general condition, increased weight and food and water intake, and significantly higher levels of FBG, HbA1c, U-mALB, kidney index, 24-hour urine volume, IL-1β, and IL-18. Compared to the model group, the YSJTD and 4-PBA groups showed improved general condition, increased body weight, decreased food intake, and lower levels of FBG, U-mALB, kidney index, 24-hour urine volume, and IL-1β. Specifically, the YSJTD group showed a significant reduction in IL-18 levels compared to the model group, while the 4-PBA group exhibited decreased water intake and HbA1c levels compared to the model group. Although there was a decreasing trend in water intake and HbA1c in the YSJTD group, the differences were not statistically significant. No significant differences were observed in BUN, Scr, and kidney weight among the groups. Renal pathology revealed that the model group exhibited more severe renal damage compared to the control group. Kidney sections from the model group showed diffuse mesangial proliferation in the glomeruli, tubular edema, tubular dilation, significant inflammatory cell infiltration in the interstitium, and increased glycogen staining and blue collagen deposition in the basement membrane. In contrast, the YSJTD and 4-PBA groups showed varying degrees of improvement in renal damage, glycogen staining, and collagen deposition, with the YSJTD group showing more significant improvements. TEM analysis indicated that the model group had extensive cytoplasmic edema, homogeneous thickening of the basement membrane, fewer foot processes, and widening of fused foot processes. In the YSJTD and 4-PBA groups, cytoplasmic swelling of renal tissues was reduced, the basement membrane remained intact and uniform, and foot process fusion improved.Western blot results indicated that compared to the control group, the model group showed upregulation of GRP78, CHOP, GSDMD, NLRP3, ASC, and caspase-1 expression. In contrast, both the YSJTD and 4-PBA groups showed downregulation of these markers compared to the model group. These findings suggest that YSJTD exerts a protective effect against DN by alleviating NLRP3 inflammasome activation through the inhibition of ERS, thereby improving the inflammatory response in db/db DN mice.
Animals ; Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress/drug effects* ; Diabetic Nephropathies/metabolism* ; NLR Family, Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 Protein/genetics* ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/administration & dosage* ; Mice ; Inflammasomes/drug effects* ; Male ; Kidney/pathology* ; Endoplasmic Reticulum Chaperone BiP ; Humans ; Interleukin-18/genetics* ; Mice, Inbred C57BL

Objective:To explore the value of metanephrine, normetanephrine, and some steroid hormones in the assessment of adrenal venous sampling (AVS).Methods:This retrospective study enrolled 101 patients with primary aldosteronism who underwent AVS at Peking Union Medical College Hospital between June 1, 2021, and October 1, 2024. Multiple hormones, including aldosterone, cortisol, metanephrine, normetanephrine and steroid hormone profiles, were measured in samples from the inferior vena cava and bilateral adrenal veins during AVS. Selectivity index and lateralization index were calculated based on the levels of different hormones to determine successful AVS cannulation (selectivity index≥2) and aldosterone hypersecretion lateralization (lateralization index≥2). Patients who underwent unilateral adrenalectomy were followed for at least 6 months. Clinical and biochemical outcomes were assessed according to the Primary Aldosteronism Surgical Outcome (PASO) criteria, with biochemical remission defined as achieving complete or partial biochemical remission postoperatively. The efficacy of different hormones relative to cortisol for calculating selectivity index and lateralization index was evaluated for subtype classification.Results:The age at diagnosis of the enrolled patients was (50.5±9.6) years, including 77 males. Regarding the selectivity index, five hormones including metanephrine, normetanephrine, androstenedione, 17α-hydroxypregnenolone, and dehydroepiandrosterone demonstrated significantly higher selectivity index compared to cortisol (all P<0.05). Based on the cortisol-derived selectivity index, AVS cannulation was unsuccessful in 8 patients; using the five indices, unsuccessful cannulation occurred in 2, 2, 3, 4, and 5 patients, respectively. Based on postoperative follow-up, 55 patients were identified as having unilateral surgically relievable primary aldosteronism. In identifying these patients, the performance of metanephrine, normetanephrine, androstenedione, 17α-hydroxypregnenolone, and dehydroepiandrosterone was non-inferior to cortisol, correctly identifying 95% (52/55), 93% (51/55), 91% (50/55), 87% (48/55), and 89% (49/55) of cases, respectively. However, among these patients, there were no statistically significant differences in the success rate of intubation in AVS and the ability to identify patients with unilateral primary aldosteronism between the five indicators and cortisol (all P>0.05). Using cortisol-based lateralization as the reference standard, androstenedione and dehydroepiandrosterone both achieved an accuracy of 90% (84/93) for determining the lateralized side, while 17α-hydroxypregnenolone, normetanephrine, and metanephrine achieved accuracies of 89% (83/93), 81% (74/93), and 80% (73/93), respectively. Conclusion:Metanephrine, normetanephrine, androstenedione, 17α-hydroxypregnenolone and dehydroepiandrosterone could increase the success rate of intubation in AVS, with a high ability to identify patients with unilateral primary aldosteronism, and are expected to replace cortisol as new indicators of AVS.

Objective:To evaluate the incidence and risk factors of pneumonia in patients with thoracic cancer treated with immunotherapy combined with radiotherapy (RT).Methods:The clinic data of 265 patients with thoracic cancer who received RT and at least 2 cycles of immunotherapy at Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University between January 2020 and January 2024 were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were divided into 2 groups according to treatment sequence: 100 patients with sequential immunotherapy after RT, 165 patients with RT after immunotherapy, including sequential RT after immunotherapy (119 cases) and concurrent RT with immunotherapy (46 cases). The occurrence and grading of treatment-related pneumonia were determined by clinical symptoms, signs, and chest CT findings. The relationship between interval time window of different treatment methods and pneumonia was analyzed by Pearson correlation analysis. χ2 test was used for univariate analysis of risk factors, and logistic regression for multivariate analysis. Results:In the sequential immunotherapy after RT group, the incidence of pneumonia was 12.0% (12/100), with grade ≥2 pneumonia in 4.0% (4/100). The interval time between RT and immunotherapy, has a strong negative correlation with pneumonia incidence and grade ≥2 pneumonia incidence ( r=-0.88, -0.79; both P<0.001). When immunotherapy was initiated ≥7 weeks after RT, the incidence of pneumonia significantly decreased to 5% ( P=0.020), with no grade ≥2 cases. In the immunotherapy followed by sequential / concurrent RT cohort, the incidence of pneumonia was significantly higher in the concurrent subgroup compared with the sequential subgroup [65% (30/46) vs. 44.5% (53/119), P=0.027], and the comparison of the incidence of grade ≥2 pneumonia was the same [33% (15/46) vs. 14.3% (17/119), P=0.014]. The interval time window of RT after immunotherapy was strongly negatively correlated with the incidence of pneumonia and grade ≥2 pneumonia ( r=-0.77, -0.83; both P<0.001). When RT was initiated ≥4 weeks after immunotherapy, the incidence of pneumonia significantly decreased ( P<0.001). Pneumonia incidence differed significantly across RT target sites (intrapulmonary vs. extrapulmonary), total dose (<60 Gy vs. ≥ 60 Gy), and fractionation regimen (conventional vs. hypofractionation) ( P < 0.001, = 0.008, = 0.031), but was not associated with age, gender, smoking history, type of immune checkpoint inhibitor (anti-programmed death-1 vs. anti-programmed death ligand-1), or the number of prior immunotherapy cycles (all P > 0.05). Multivariate analysis identified RT within the lung and interval time of RT after immunotherapy ≤ 4 weeks as independent risk factors for the incidence of pneumonia (both P < 0.001). Conclusions:The interval window between RT and immunotherapy is a critical determinant of pneumonia incidence. Delaying immunotherapy for more than 7 weeks after RT, or delaying RT for more than 4 weeks after immunotherapy, can significantly reduce the risk of radiation-related pneumonia.

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy and safety of vericiguat tablets combined with sacubitril valsartan sodium(Sac/Val)tablets in the treatment of patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction(HFrEF).Methods The HFrEF patients were divided into control group and treatment group according to the cohort method.The control group was treated with Sac/Val tablets 200 mg per time,bid,orally.On the basis of control group,the treatment group was treated with vericiguat tablets 2.5 mg per time,qd,taken with meal.Two groups were treated for 3 months.The clinical efficacy,left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF),left ventricular end-diastolic dimension(LVEDD)and end-systolic diameter(LVESD),levels of high sensitivity C-reactive protein(hs-CRP),interleukin-6(IL-6),nitric oxide(NO),N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide(NT-proBNP),blood urea nitrogen(BUN)and serum creatinine(SCr),and safety were compared between the two groups.During follow-up,the heart failure rehospitalization rates and major adverse cardiovascular events were compared between the two groups.Results Treatment group was enrolled 53 patients,control group was enrolled 53 patients.After treatment,the total effective rates of treatment and control groups were 94.34％(50 cases/53 cases)and 81.13％(43 cases/53 cases)with statistical significant difference(P＜0.05).After treatment,the LVEF of treatment and control groups were(48.02±5.20)％and(43.02±4.33)％,the LVEDDs were(52.85±6.30)and(55.63±6.88)mm,the LVESDs were(41.64±6.40)and(44.22±5.85)mm,the levels of hs-CRP were(10.22±2.63)and(14.60±2.98)mg L-1,the levels of IL-6 were(14.48±2.40)and(17.36±2.52)pg·mL-1,the levels of NO were(102.60±20.16)and(92.16±16.33)μmol·L-1,the levels of NT-proBNP were(898.74±102.20)and(1315.60±182.64)ng·L-1,the levels of BUN were(12.02±2.28)and(13.45±2.33)mmol·L-1,the levels of SCr were(82.22±5.89)and(85.64±6.03)μmol·L-1,the heart failure rehospitalization rates were 5.66％and 13.21％,respectively;the differences were statistical significant between two groups(all P＜0.05).The adverse drug reactions of treatment group were hyperkalemia,hypotension,renal dysfunction,dizziness and headache,while those in control group were renal dysfunction,hyperkalemia,and hypotension.The major adverse cardiovascular events of treatment group were angina pectoris and acute myocardial infarction,while those in control group were angina pectoris,acute myocardial infarction and atrial fibrillation.The incidences of total adverse drug reactions in treatment and control groups were 13.21％and 7.55％,the incidences of major adverse cardiovascular events were 5.66％and 13.21％,respectively,without statistically significant differences(all P＞0.05).Conclusion Vericiguat tablets combined with Sac/Val tablets have a definitive clinical efficacy in the treatment of HFrEF patients,which can improve cardiac and endothelial function,reduce inflammatory response and readmission times,without increasing the incidences of adverse drug reactions.

Background and purpose:With the progressive development of breast cancer surgery toward more individualized and minimally invasive approaches,sentinel lymph node biopsy(SLNB)has replaced axillary lymph node dissection(ALND)as the standard method for axillary management in certain early-stage breast cancer patients.However,there is ongoing debate in clinical practice regarding whether regional lymph node irradiation(RNI)is necessary for patients with sentinel lymph node(SLN)positive status who have not undergone ALND.This study aimed to analyze the clinicopathological features and survival prognosis of patients with SLN-positive status who did not undergo ALND,evaluate the clinical application value of RNI,and provide evidence to support clinical treatment decisions for this group of patients.Methods:This single-center retrospective study screened breast cancer patients who underwent SLNB at Shandong Cancer Hospital from September 1,2014,to August 31,2023.All patients signed informed consent for treatment.Based on whether postoperative radiotherapy included regional lymph node irradiation(internal mammary and/or axillary and/or supra-/infra-clavicular fields),patients were divided into the RNI group and the no-RNI group for follow-up.Additionally,patients were further divided into multiple subgroups based on factors such as the type of breast surgery,tumor molecular subtype,and histological grade,to compare the clinical value of RNI among subgroups.The primary endpoint was locoregional recurrence-free survival(LRRFS),and the secondary endpoints included invasive disease-free survival(iDFS)and overall survival(OS).The Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology(STROBE)checklist was followed for this study.Results:Clinical data of 8 328 breast cancer patients'were screened for this study,and after applying inclusion and exclusion criteria,356 patients were included in the analysis,with 186 in the RNI group and 170 in the no-RNI group.There were no significant differences between the two groups in terms of age,body mass index(BMI),menopausal status,tumor location,pathological type,histological grade,vascular invasion,estrogen receptor(ER)and progesterone receptor(PR)status,and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2(HER-2)expression(P＞0.05).However,the number of positive SLNs,T stage,and the proportion of patients undergoing total mastectomy(TM)were significantly higher in the RNI group than in the no-RNI group(P=0.006,P=0.043,P＜0.001).After a median follow-up of 38 months,no recurrence or metastasis was observed in the RNI group,while the recurrence and metastasis rate in the no-RNI group was 3.5%(6/170).Of these,4 cases had local regional recurrence,and 2 had distant metastasis.The RNI group showed superior iDFS compared to the no-RNI group(P=0.017),however there was no statistically significant difference in LRRFS and OS(P=0.051 and P=0.356).Exploratory subgroup analysis indicated that patients with tumor diameter＞2 cm(P=0.033)and triple-negative molecular(TNBC)(P=0.020)might benefit from RNI treatment in terms of LRRFS.Conclusion:For certain high-risk patients,such as those with larger tumor diameter,TNBC,or high non-SLN metastatic risk,RNI still plays an important role in reducing the risk of recurrence and metastasis in breast cancer.In clinical practice,an individualized RNI strategy should be developed based on the patient's residual lymph node tumor load,biological behavior of the tumor,and surgical method.

Objective:To analysis of the latent profiles and influencing factors of body image in patients with postoperative oral cancer.Methods:From July 2024 to March 2025, a total of 332 patients with primary oral cancer confirmed by pathology, aged ≥18 years, and undergoing oral cancer surgery at Hunan Cancer Hospital were selected using simple random sampling and cluster sampling. Among them, 25 were female and 307 were male. The body image scale and the Rosenberg self-esteem scale were used to investigate the patients. The main indicators included the total scale scores and scores on various dimensions of body image, such as appearance evaluation and health focus, with particular attention to satisfaction with facial appearance and oral function.The correlation between self-esteem and body image was analyzed, and differences in scores were compared based on gender, age, self-esteem level, and surgical procedure.Results:Among the 332 patients, 93.4% (310/332) were married, and 6.6% (22/332) were unmarried, divorced, or widowed. A total of 84.3% (280/332) underwent flap transplantation surgery, while 15.7% (52/332) did not. The body image distress in the 332 patients could be categorized into a body image adaptation group [80.12% (266/332)] and a body image disorder group [19.88% (66/332)]. Unmarried/divorced/widowed status ( P=0.020), undergoing flap transplantation ( P=0.006), and self-esteem level ( P<0.001) were identified as influencing factors for postoperative body image disorder in oral cancer patients. Conclusions:Given the varying levels of body image concerns among oral cancer patients, healthcare providers can implement targeted, personalized nursing interventions based on their distinct categories and influencing factors.