Objective This study conducted molecular biological identification of the viruses carried by Culex pipiens pallens specimens collected in Shunyi District, Beijing in 2023, and observed the changes in the infection rate of the viruses carried by Cx. pipiens pallens at different collection times. Methods Cx. pipiens pallens were collected using carbon dioxide mosquito traps. The mosquito samples were ground in batches and analyzed by molecular biology technologies. The virus infection rate at different collection times was analyzed statistically. Results 17 strains of Culex pipiens pallens densovirus(CppDNV)were identified from Cx. pipiens pallens samples collected in Shunyi District, Beijing, in 2023. The nucleotide sequence analysis of the virus genome coding region showed that CppDNV was a single-stranded DNA virus with a total length of 3 335 nt, encoding 2 non-structural proteins(NS1, NS2)and 1 capsid protein(VP). The nucleotide(amino acid)sequence lengths of the three proteins were 2 376 nt(791 aa),1 092 nt(363 aa)and 1 071 nt(356 aa), respectively. Phylogenetic analysis showed that CppDNV was located in genus Brevihamaparvovirus. Statistical analysis showed no significant difference in infection rates across collection times(χ2=4.429, P=0.194). Conclusions CppDNV was identified in Cx. pipiens pallens in Beijing, and it was stably maintained in this natural population.

Multiple acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency (MADD) is a rare inherited metabolic disorder of fatty acid oxidation, with highly heterogeneous clinical manifestations. Late-onset MADD predominantly presenting with myopathic features is easily confused with inflammatory myopathy; early identification and administration of high-dose vitamin B₂ can achieve favorable therapeutic effects. This article reports a MADD patient with main manifestations of exercise intolerance and progressive post-exertion muscle weakness. The case is analyzed by integrating blood and urine metabolic screening results and genetic testing findings, so as to provide a reference for the early diagnosis of this disease.

AIM To investigate effects of petroleum ether fraction from Derris eriocarpa How on glucose and lipid metabolism in a mouse model of metabolic syndrome(MS).METHODS KM mice were fed a high-fat diet and administered streptozotocin intraperitoneally to establish MS models.The MS mice were then randomly assigned to the model group,the metformin hydrochloride group,the lovastatin group,the ursolic acid group,and the high-,medium-and low-dose D.eriocarpa petroleum ether fraction groups,with 10 mice in each group.Ten additional mice maitained on a normal diet served as the normal control group.After 4 weeks of intragastric administration,glucose and lipid metabolism indicators were measured.Hepatic pathological changes were assessed using HE staining and oil red O staining.Liver tissue mRNA expressions of ATF3,PEPCK,FXR,CYP7A1,HNF4ɑ,CYP8B1 and SRB1 were quantified by RT-qPCR.Hepatic protein expressions of ATF3,HNF4ɑ,PEPCK,FXR and CYP7A1 was analyzed by Western blot in MS mice.RESULTS Compared to the model group,the high-dose D.eriocarpa petroleum ether fraction group exhibited significant glucose tolerance improvement(reduced OGTT-AUC,P＜0.01);favorable serum lipid modulation in terms of increased HDL-C levels(P＜0.01)and decreased TG,TC,LDL-C(P＜0.01);reduced renal biomarkers(BUN,SCR)and hepatotoxic indicators of TBA,AST and ALT activities(P＜0.01);alleviated hepatic lipid accumulation and histopathological damage;downregulated mRNA and protein expressions of ATF3,HNF4ɑ and PEPCK,as well as CYP8B1 mRNA expression(P＜0.01);and upregulated mRNA and protein expressions of FXR and CYP7A1,along with SRB1 mRNA expression(P＜0.01).CONCLUSION D.eriocarpa petroleum ether fraction ameliorates glucose and lipid metabolism dysregulation in MS mice by modulating the ATF3/HNF4ɑ/CYP7A1 signaling pathway,consequently eliciting hypoglycemic,hypolipidemic,hepatoprotective and nephroprotective effects.

Medical device related infections caused by bacteria are common complications in clinical practice,and preventing bacterial colonization on the surface of medical materials is one of the important challenges in the medical field.Therefore,there is an urgent need to construct medical coatings that combine antibacterial properties and biocompatibility.In this study,a γ-polyglutamic acid(γ-PGA)complex with long-chain alkyl quaternary ammonium salts formed by electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions was prepared,which was insoluble in water but soluble in organic solvents(e.g.,ethanol),and was capable of constructing antimicrobial coatings on the surfaces of medical materials in a simple and efficient manner.The bactericidal effect of the coating was verified using viable bacteria counting experiments,and the results showed that the bactericidal rate of the coated thermoplastic polyurethane(TPU)membrane against Staphylococcus aureus was greater than 99.9%compared with that of the uncoated TPU membrane.In addition,a cytotoxicity assay was performed using the L929 fibroblast and cell proliferation detection kit(CCK-8),which showed that the survival rate of L929 fibroblasts on coated TPU was greater than 90%.Meanwhile,the hemolysis rate of coated erythrocytes was tested using fresh rabbit red blood cells(RBCs),and the hemolysis rate on the coated TPU surface was 1.5%.The above results indicated that the coating had good biocompatibility.The preparation method of medical antibacterial coating reported in this study provided a new idea for preventing bacterial infections related to implantable/interventional medical devices.

Objective:To investigate the clinical characteristics and survival outcomes of patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) complicated by multiple primary malignancies (MPCs) in a real-world setting.Methods:A retrospective study was performed on 238 NPC patients with MPCs who received radical radiotherapy at Fujian Cancer Hospital between January 1st, 2004 and December 31st, 2023. The primary endpoints were overall survival (OS) and cumulative survival rate. Survival analysis was conducted using the Kaplan-Meier method with log-rank / Breslow tests, and univariate analysis of prognostic factors was performed using the Cox proportional hazards model.Results:A total of 246 primary malignant tumors were identified in 238 patients, involving 12 organ systems and 39 tumor types. The most common coexisting malignancies occurred in the respiratory and intrathoracic organs [25.2% (62/246)], followed by digestive organ malignancies [22.8% (56/246)], malignancies of the lip, oral cavity, and pharynx [22.8% (56/246)], and thyroid and other endocrine gland malignancies [15.4% (38/246)]. The median OS was 186 months, and the 3-, 5-, and 10-year cumulative survival rates were 90.84%, 85.25%, and 69.45%, respectively. Poorer survival was associated with male sex, age>48 years at onset, locally advanced disease (stage IVA), synchronous MPCs and/or digestive system malignancies, fewer total cycles of chemotherapy, and lack of concurrent or adjuvant chemotherapy.Conclusions:In patients with NPC, MPCs most frequently involve the respiratory system, digestive system, and head and neck organs (including the thyroid). Male sex, older age, locally advanced primary NPC, synchronous and/or digestive system MPCs, fewer chemotherapy cycles, and lach of concurrent or adjuvant chemotherapy were significantly associated with poorer prognosis.

OBJECTIVE: CRISPR-Cas protects bacteria from exogenous DNA invasion and is associated with bacterial biofilm formation and pathogenicity. METHODS: We analyzed the type I-F CRISPR-Cas system of Legionella pneumophila WX48, including Cas1, Cas2-Cas3, Csy1, Csy2, Csy3, and Cas6f, along with downstream CRISPR arrays. We explored the effects of the CRISPR-Cas system on the in vitro growth, biofilm-forming ability, and pathogenicity of L. pneumophila through constructing gene deletion mutants. RESULTS: The type I-F CRISPR-Cas system did not affect the in vitro growth of wild-type or mutant strains. The biofilm formation and intracellular proliferation of the mutant strains were weaker than those of the wild type owing to the regulation of type IV pili and Dot/Icm type IV secretion systems. In particular, Cas6f deletion strongly inhibited these processes. CONCLUSION The type I-F CRISPR-Cas system may reduce biofilm formation and intracellular proliferation in L. pneumophila.
Legionella pneumophila/pathogenicity* ; CRISPR-Cas Systems ; Biofilms/growth & development* ; Phenotype ; Bacterial Proteins/metabolism* ; Gene Deletion

Chronic prostatitis,a common condition in andrology,is clinically characterized by a prolonged course,resistance to treatment,and frequent recurrence.In traditional Chinese medicine,it is classified under the categories of"turbid sperm,""overstrain strangury,"and"vaginal pain."Based on the"host-guest interaction-collateral disease"theory,we believe that healthy qi deficiency,latent pathogenic factors,and collateral obstruction are the primary pathological factors of this disease,which run through the entire process of chronic prostatitis occurrence and development.Accordingly,we propose that obstruction of collaterals and apathesia of the semen chamber are the core pathogenesis.The disease progression can be divided into three pathological stages:"deficiency,depression,and blood stasis."Spleen and kidney deficiency and malnutrition of collaterals form the pathological foundation.In the deficiency stage,treatment strategies involve reinforcing qi and nourishing the collaterals,using Fuzheng Yangrong Decoction.During disease progression,dampness and heat invasion,as well as collateral stagnation qi,are key contributors to disease progression.Thus,treatment focuses on clearing heat and dampness,promoting qi flow,and smoothing the collaterals,achieved with a modified Qiantongding Decoction.In the final stage,blood stasis and collateral obstruction dominate,warranting therapeutic strategies aimed at tonifying and removing blood stasis,addressing both the body and the collaterals simultaneously using the modified Guiling Huayu Decoction.Overall,the clinical treatment generally focuses on the concept of function through free flow,combination of unblocking and tonifying.This study provides a novel perspective and reference for clinical differentiation and treatment of chronic prostatitis.

AIM To investigate effects of petroleum ether fraction from Derris eriocarpa How on glucose and lipid metabolism in a mouse model of metabolic syndrome(MS).METHODS KM mice were fed a high-fat diet and administered streptozotocin intraperitoneally to establish MS models.The MS mice were then randomly assigned to the model group,the metformin hydrochloride group,the lovastatin group,the ursolic acid group,and the high-,medium-and low-dose D.eriocarpa petroleum ether fraction groups,with 10 mice in each group.Ten additional mice maitained on a normal diet served as the normal control group.After 4 weeks of intragastric administration,glucose and lipid metabolism indicators were measured.Hepatic pathological changes were assessed using HE staining and oil red O staining.Liver tissue mRNA expressions of ATF3,PEPCK,FXR,CYP7A1,HNF4ɑ,CYP8B1 and SRB1 were quantified by RT-qPCR.Hepatic protein expressions of ATF3,HNF4ɑ,PEPCK,FXR and CYP7A1 was analyzed by Western blot in MS mice.RESULTS Compared to the model group,the high-dose D.eriocarpa petroleum ether fraction group exhibited significant glucose tolerance improvement(reduced OGTT-AUC,P＜0.01);favorable serum lipid modulation in terms of increased HDL-C levels(P＜0.01)and decreased TG,TC,LDL-C(P＜0.01);reduced renal biomarkers(BUN,SCR)and hepatotoxic indicators of TBA,AST and ALT activities(P＜0.01);alleviated hepatic lipid accumulation and histopathological damage;downregulated mRNA and protein expressions of ATF3,HNF4ɑ and PEPCK,as well as CYP8B1 mRNA expression(P＜0.01);and upregulated mRNA and protein expressions of FXR and CYP7A1,along with SRB1 mRNA expression(P＜0.01).CONCLUSION D.eriocarpa petroleum ether fraction ameliorates glucose and lipid metabolism dysregulation in MS mice by modulating the ATF3/HNF4ɑ/CYP7A1 signaling pathway,consequently eliciting hypoglycemic,hypolipidemic,hepatoprotective and nephroprotective effects.

Objective:To investigate the clinical characteristics and survival outcomes of patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) complicated by multiple primary malignancies (MPCs) in a real-world setting.Methods:A retrospective study was performed on 238 NPC patients with MPCs who received radical radiotherapy at Fujian Cancer Hospital between January 1st, 2004 and December 31st, 2023. The primary endpoints were overall survival (OS) and cumulative survival rate. Survival analysis was conducted using the Kaplan-Meier method with log-rank / Breslow tests, and univariate analysis of prognostic factors was performed using the Cox proportional hazards model.Results:A total of 246 primary malignant tumors were identified in 238 patients, involving 12 organ systems and 39 tumor types. The most common coexisting malignancies occurred in the respiratory and intrathoracic organs [25.2% (62/246)], followed by digestive organ malignancies [22.8% (56/246)], malignancies of the lip, oral cavity, and pharynx [22.8% (56/246)], and thyroid and other endocrine gland malignancies [15.4% (38/246)]. The median OS was 186 months, and the 3-, 5-, and 10-year cumulative survival rates were 90.84%, 85.25%, and 69.45%, respectively. Poorer survival was associated with male sex, age>48 years at onset, locally advanced disease (stage IVA), synchronous MPCs and/or digestive system malignancies, fewer total cycles of chemotherapy, and lack of concurrent or adjuvant chemotherapy.Conclusions:In patients with NPC, MPCs most frequently involve the respiratory system, digestive system, and head and neck organs (including the thyroid). Male sex, older age, locally advanced primary NPC, synchronous and/or digestive system MPCs, fewer chemotherapy cycles, and lach of concurrent or adjuvant chemotherapy were significantly associated with poorer prognosis.

Objective:To investigate the clinical efficacy and safety of venetoclax(VEN)in combination with hypomethylating agent(HMA)in the treatment of patients with high-risk myelodysplastic syndromes(MDS).Methods:A total of 30 patients with high-risk MDS who received the combination of VEN and HMA from March 2019 to November 2022 were included.The overall response rate(ORR),modified overall response rate(mORR),overall survival(OS),progression-free survival(PFS),and adverse events of all included patients were evaluated.Results:Among the 30 high-risk MDS patients treated with VEN combined with HMA regimen,24 cases achieved complete response(CR)/marrow complete response(mCR),2 cases achieved partial response(PR),the ORR was 24/30,the median OS was 28.1 months,and the median PFS was 28.1 months.In addition,patients who achieved complete remission/marrow complete remission after treatment had a significantly longer OS than those who did not.Moreover,12 patients were treated with allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation(allo-HSCT).There were grade 3 or higher hematologic adverse events including thrombocytopenia(14 cases),neutropenia(14 cases),febrile neutropenia(10 cases)and anemia(7 cases)as well as gastrointestinal adverse events of any grade,such as vomiting(7 cases),diarrhea(5 cases),and constipation(4 cases).Conclusion:VEN in combination with HMA is an effective and safe treatment option in patients with high-risk MDS.This regimen combined with allo-HSCT can improve the prognosis of these patients.Continuous attention to the monitoring and management of adverse events is essential for the patients'safety in this combination therapy.