Objective To report the diagnosis and treatment processes of a fungal keratitis case caused by Lasio-diplodia theobromae(L.theobromae),and enhance the diagnosis and treatment experience on fungal keratitis caused by this rare pathogen.Methods Corneal scraping specimen from a patient with fungal keratitis was collec-ted.Gram-staining and fluorescence staining were conducted on specimen,followed with direct microscopic observa-tion and isolation culture.The strain was identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry(MALDI-TOF MS)technology and targeted DNA sequencing.Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was conducted.Literatures were summarized and clinical data on fungal keratitis caused by this pathogen were sorted out.Results Septal fungal hyphae could be seen on the corneal scraping specimen microscopically.The strain was identified as L.theobromae by both MALDI-TOF MS and targeted DNA sequencing after culture.Antimicrobial susceptibility testing(microdilution method)showed that the minimal inhibitory concentrations(MICs)of ampho-tericin B,vorionazole,itraconazole,posaconazole,fluconazole,5-fluorocytosine,micafungin,caspofungin,and anidulafungin against this strain were 1,0.25,＞8,0.25,＞256,8,16,2,and 0.25 μg/mL,respectively.Pa-tient recovered well after antifungal treatment plan was adjusted according to antimicrobial susceptibility testing re-sults.Conclusion L.theobromae is a rare pathogen that causes fungal keratitis.Laboratory tests provide rapid mi-croscopic examination results,and take MALDI-TOF MS and targeted DNA sequencing identification techniques as effective means to detect rare pathogen.In vitro antimicrobial susceptibility testing result can provide reference for clinicians to correctly use antifungal agents for treatment of infection due to this pathogen.

Objective To report a case of fungal keratitis caused by plant pathogens,evidenced by laboratory testing.Methods Specimens were collected by corneal scraping from a 52-year-old male patient for pathogen culture.The patient was treated at Qionghai People's Hospital for fungal keratitis.The isolates were identified and tested for antimicrobial susceptibility.PubMed,CNKI,Wanfang,and VIP database were searched using keywords Diaporthe or Diaporthe phaseolorum in English and Chinese from the establishment of the database to December 10,2024.A retrospective literature review was conducted on the cases of human infection caused by Diaporthe.Results The specimens from corneal scraping were directly examined under a microscope.Septate fungal hyphae were observed.The isolate was identified as Diaporthe phaseolorum by targeted DNA sequencing.Antimicrobial susceptibility testing by microdilution method showed that the minimum inhibitory concentrations(MIC)of fluorocytosine,fluconazole,amphotericin B,voriconazole,itraconazole,posaconazole,micafungin,caspofungin,and anidulafungin against this strain were＞64,64,0.5,0.12,2,0.06,0.03,＜0.03,and 0.12 mg/L,respectively.Clinicians adjusted the antifungal treatment plan timely based on the antimicrobial susceptibility testing results.The patient's vision was restored.Literature review found that of the 12 reported cases of infection worldwide,6 were localized skin or soft tissue infections,3 were peritonitis,and the remaining 3 cases were keratitis.Overall,9 patients were immunocompromised and 3 had normal immune function.Human infections caused by Diaporthe often occur in immunocompromised individuals.Invasive infections often lead to patient mortality.There are no established breakpoints for common antifungal agents against Diaporthe.The MICs against the strain were higher for flucytosine and fluconazole,but lower for azoles,echinocandins,and polyenes.Conclusions Fungal keratitis caused by D.phaseolorum is an emerging infection.The information in this case,including clinical symptoms,the morphology of D.phaseolorum under microscope after corneal scraping,the growth characteristics and antifungal susceptibility testing,targeted DNA sequencing,can inform the microbiology laboratory staff and clinicians of D.phaseolorum infections in the future.

Objective:To investigate impact of farrerol(Far)on LPS-induced microglial inflammatory injury by regulating cyclic guanosine monophosphate-adenosine monophosphate synthase(cGAS)-stimulator of interferon genes(STING)signal pathway.Methods:Mice BV2 microglial cell lines were grouped into control group(normal culture),LPS group(1 μg/ml),Far low,medium and high doses groups(1,5,10 μmol/L),activator group(10 μmol/L Far+75 μg/ml cGAS-STING signal pathway activator DMX-AA);proliferation and apoptosis of BV2 cells were detected by MTT,plate cloning assay and flow cytometry;qRT-PCR and ELISA were applied to detect levels of IL-6,IL-1β and TNF-α in cells and supernatants;NO content in cell supernatant was detected by nitrate reductase method;Western blot was applied to detect expressions of proliferating cell nuclear antigen(PCNA),Bcl-2 associated X protein(Bax),anti-apoptotic factor B cell lymphoma protein-2(Bcl-2)and cGAS-STING pathway protein in BV2 cells.Results:Compared with control group,A490 of BV2 cells,number of cloned cells,expressions of PCNA and Bcl-2 proteins in LPS group were decreased,apoptosis rate,mRNA expressions of IL-6,IL-1β,TNF-α,contents of IL-6,IL-1β,TNF-α,NO,and protein expres-sions of Bax,cGAS and STING were increased(P<0.05);compared with LPS group,A490 of BV2 cells,number of cloned cells,expressions of PCNA and Bcl-2 proteins in Far low,medium and high dose groups were increased,apoptosis rate,mRNA expressions of IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α, contents of IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α, NO, and protein expressions of Bax, cGAS and STING were decreased (P<0.05); compared with Far high-dose group, A490 of BV2 cells, number of cloned cells, expressions of PCNA and Bcl-2 proteins in activator group were decreased, apoptosis rate, mRNA expressions of IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α, contents of IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α, NO, and protein expressions of Bax, cGAS and STING were increased (P<0.05).Conclusion:Far may inhibit apoptosis and inflammatory injury of BV2 cells and promote proliferation of BV2 cells by inhibiting cGAS-STING pathway, and thus alleviate inflammatory injury of BV2 cells induced by LPS.

Objective To report the diagnosis and treatment processes of a fungal keratitis case caused by Lasio-diplodia theobromae(L.theobromae),and enhance the diagnosis and treatment experience on fungal keratitis caused by this rare pathogen.Methods Corneal scraping specimen from a patient with fungal keratitis was collec-ted.Gram-staining and fluorescence staining were conducted on specimen,followed with direct microscopic observa-tion and isolation culture.The strain was identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry(MALDI-TOF MS)technology and targeted DNA sequencing.Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was conducted.Literatures were summarized and clinical data on fungal keratitis caused by this pathogen were sorted out.Results Septal fungal hyphae could be seen on the corneal scraping specimen microscopically.The strain was identified as L.theobromae by both MALDI-TOF MS and targeted DNA sequencing after culture.Antimicrobial susceptibility testing(microdilution method)showed that the minimal inhibitory concentrations(MICs)of ampho-tericin B,vorionazole,itraconazole,posaconazole,fluconazole,5-fluorocytosine,micafungin,caspofungin,and anidulafungin against this strain were 1,0.25,＞8,0.25,＞256,8,16,2,and 0.25 μg/mL,respectively.Pa-tient recovered well after antifungal treatment plan was adjusted according to antimicrobial susceptibility testing re-sults.Conclusion L.theobromae is a rare pathogen that causes fungal keratitis.Laboratory tests provide rapid mi-croscopic examination results,and take MALDI-TOF MS and targeted DNA sequencing identification techniques as effective means to detect rare pathogen.In vitro antimicrobial susceptibility testing result can provide reference for clinicians to correctly use antifungal agents for treatment of infection due to this pathogen.

Objective To report a case of fungal keratitis caused by plant pathogens,evidenced by laboratory testing.Methods Specimens were collected by corneal scraping from a 52-year-old male patient for pathogen culture.The patient was treated at Qionghai People's Hospital for fungal keratitis.The isolates were identified and tested for antimicrobial susceptibility.PubMed,CNKI,Wanfang,and VIP database were searched using keywords Diaporthe or Diaporthe phaseolorum in English and Chinese from the establishment of the database to December 10,2024.A retrospective literature review was conducted on the cases of human infection caused by Diaporthe.Results The specimens from corneal scraping were directly examined under a microscope.Septate fungal hyphae were observed.The isolate was identified as Diaporthe phaseolorum by targeted DNA sequencing.Antimicrobial susceptibility testing by microdilution method showed that the minimum inhibitory concentrations(MIC)of fluorocytosine,fluconazole,amphotericin B,voriconazole,itraconazole,posaconazole,micafungin,caspofungin,and anidulafungin against this strain were＞64,64,0.5,0.12,2,0.06,0.03,＜0.03,and 0.12 mg/L,respectively.Clinicians adjusted the antifungal treatment plan timely based on the antimicrobial susceptibility testing results.The patient's vision was restored.Literature review found that of the 12 reported cases of infection worldwide,6 were localized skin or soft tissue infections,3 were peritonitis,and the remaining 3 cases were keratitis.Overall,9 patients were immunocompromised and 3 had normal immune function.Human infections caused by Diaporthe often occur in immunocompromised individuals.Invasive infections often lead to patient mortality.There are no established breakpoints for common antifungal agents against Diaporthe.The MICs against the strain were higher for flucytosine and fluconazole,but lower for azoles,echinocandins,and polyenes.Conclusions Fungal keratitis caused by D.phaseolorum is an emerging infection.The information in this case,including clinical symptoms,the morphology of D.phaseolorum under microscope after corneal scraping,the growth characteristics and antifungal susceptibility testing,targeted DNA sequencing,can inform the microbiology laboratory staff and clinicians of D.phaseolorum infections in the future.

Objective:To investigate impact of farrerol(Far)on LPS-induced microglial inflammatory injury by regulating cyclic guanosine monophosphate-adenosine monophosphate synthase(cGAS)-stimulator of interferon genes(STING)signal pathway.Methods:Mice BV2 microglial cell lines were grouped into control group(normal culture),LPS group(1 μg/ml),Far low,medium and high doses groups(1,5,10 μmol/L),activator group(10 μmol/L Far+75 μg/ml cGAS-STING signal pathway activator DMX-AA);proliferation and apoptosis of BV2 cells were detected by MTT,plate cloning assay and flow cytometry;qRT-PCR and ELISA were applied to detect levels of IL-6,IL-1β and TNF-α in cells and supernatants;NO content in cell supernatant was detected by nitrate reductase method;Western blot was applied to detect expressions of proliferating cell nuclear antigen(PCNA),Bcl-2 associated X protein(Bax),anti-apoptotic factor B cell lymphoma protein-2(Bcl-2)and cGAS-STING pathway protein in BV2 cells.Results:Compared with control group,A490 of BV2 cells,number of cloned cells,expressions of PCNA and Bcl-2 proteins in LPS group were decreased,apoptosis rate,mRNA expressions of IL-6,IL-1β,TNF-α,contents of IL-6,IL-1β,TNF-α,NO,and protein expres-sions of Bax,cGAS and STING were increased(P<0.05);compared with LPS group,A490 of BV2 cells,number of cloned cells,expressions of PCNA and Bcl-2 proteins in Far low,medium and high dose groups were increased,apoptosis rate,mRNA expressions of IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α, contents of IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α, NO, and protein expressions of Bax, cGAS and STING were decreased (P<0.05); compared with Far high-dose group, A490 of BV2 cells, number of cloned cells, expressions of PCNA and Bcl-2 proteins in activator group were decreased, apoptosis rate, mRNA expressions of IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α, contents of IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α, NO, and protein expressions of Bax, cGAS and STING were increased (P<0.05).Conclusion:Far may inhibit apoptosis and inflammatory injury of BV2 cells and promote proliferation of BV2 cells by inhibiting cGAS-STING pathway, and thus alleviate inflammatory injury of BV2 cells induced by LPS.

Objective To explore the level of inflammatory factors and their correlation with prognosis in chronic cervicitis patients with human papillomavirus(HPV)infection.Methods Totally 100 patients from January 2022 to December 2023 were selected as the observation group.Among them,67 patients were 100 patients with low-risk HPV and 33 patients with high-risk HPV.At the same time,100 female personnel with physical examination in our hospital were selected as the control group.All of the patients were treated routinely.The C-reactive protein(CRP),interleukin(IL)-6,and serum amyloid A(SAA)levels were measured,and the patients were followed up for 6 months after treatment to observe the prognosis.Results Compared with the control group,The expression of CRP,IL-6 and SAA level increased in the observation group(P<0.05),Compared with the low-risk HPV group,The expression of CRP,IL-6 and SAA level increased in high-risk HPV group(P<0.05).Compared with patients with a good prognosis,Higher expression of CRP,IL-6 and SAA in patients with poor prognosis(P<0.05).The positive correlation between CRP,IL-6,SAA and low-risk HPV and high-risk HPV,Statistical difference(P<0.05).Negative correlation between CRP,IL-6,SAA and good prognosis,All showed a positive correlation between CRP,IL-6,and SAA and poor prognosis,There were statistical differences(P<0.05).Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve analysis showed that the diagnostic value of CRP,IL-6 and SAA(P<0.05).Conclusion Patients with chronic cervicitis have increased CRP,IL-6 and SAA in HPV infection,and the abnormal increased or decreased expression level is the risk predictor of chronic cervicitis with HPV infection,which may be closely related to the diagnosis of the disease,pathological characteristics,disease development and prognosis.

Infrared thermography is an advanced technology that utilizes infrared detectors to sense the infrared thermal radiation emitted from the human body's surface,converting it into electrical signals.These signals are then processed by computers to generate planar temperature color images,providing an intuitive display of the body surface temperature distribution.Rheumatic diseases,as prevalent conditions that significantly impact the quality of life of millions of people worldwide,pose significant challenges in diagnosis and assessment.Traditional diagnostic and evaluation methods,while possessing certain clinical value,exhibit non-negligible limitations.With the advancements and increasing popularity of infrared thermography technology,combined with the progress in medical image recognition and artificial intelli-gence algorithms,this technology has demonstrated increasingly prominent advantages in the field of rheu-matology.By employing this non-invasive and highly efficient technique for analyzing superficial tissue thermal radiation distribution,early and precise diagnosis of rheumatic diseases,as well as dynamic mo-nitoring of disease progression,becomes feasible.This technological advancement enhances the accuracy and efficiency of rheumatic disease diagnosis,thereby alleviating the burden on healthcare systems and optimizing the allocation of medical resources.Furthermore,infrared thermography introduces new vitality into the diagnosis and treatment monitoring of rheumatic diseases.It enables clinicians to detect subtle changes in body surface temperature that may indicate underlying inflammatory or metabolic processes associated with rheumatic conditions.This capability facilitates early intervention and personalized treat-ment strategies,ultimately contributing to improved patient outcomes and satisfaction.The integration of infrared thermography with advanced image processing algorithms and artificial intelligence further ampli-fies its potential,enabling automated analysis and interpretation of thermal images,thus reducing the dependence on manual interpretation and enhancing the reproducibility and reliability of diagnostic results.In conclusion,infrared thermography represents as a promising tool in the management of rheu-matic diseases,offering a non-invasive,cost-effective,and efficient means for early diagnosis,monito-ring,and therapeutic evaluation of diseases.As technology continues to evolve,the application of infra-red thermography is expected to advance further in rheumatic diseases.

ObjectiveTo investigate the social support status and influencing factors of schizophrenics in remission in Northeast Sichuan， and to provide ideas for improving their social support. MethodsFrom May to September 2020， a total of 533 patients who met the diagnosis criteria of the International Classification of Diseases， tenth edition （ICD-10） for schizophrenics in remission at the mental health institutions in Guangyuan， Bazhong and Dazhou cities were selected for the survey， and patients were assessed by self-made demographic and clinical data inventory and Social Support Rating Scale （SSRS）. Then the social support status of schizophrenic in remission and influencing factors were analyzed， meantime， the impact of the second round reimbursement policy of medical insurance benefits on their social support was addressed particularly. Results①The SSRS total score， objective support， subjective support， and utilization of support scores of schizophrenics in remission were lower than those of the national norm （t=5.065~30.382， P<0.01）. ②Univariate analysis showed that SSRS score was relatively high among patients with female gender （t=-3.632）， retired status （F=5.951）， married status （F=5.951）， spouse as primary caregiver （F=23.841）， annual household income >5 000 yuan （F=15.892）， patient's economic income （t=4.083）， and outpatient or online follow-up （F=3.954）， with statistically significant differences （P<0.05 or 0.01）. ③The total and dimensional scores of SSRS in patients with access to the second round medical insurance reimbursement were significantly higher than those without （t=10.195~25.103， P<0.01）. ④Multiple linear regression analysis denoted that gender， work status， marital status， primary caregivers， annual family income， economic income， follow-up visits and the second round medical insurance reimbursement were the factors influencing social support status of schizophrenics in remission （β=0.201~2.115， P<0.05 or 0.01）. ConclusionThe social support of schizophrenics in remission in Northeast Sichuan is below the national average， furthermore， their social support levels are affected by the gender， work status， marital status， primary caregivers， annual family income， economic income， follow-up visits and the second round medical insurance reimbursement， and the second round medical insurance reimbursement may ameliorate the social support status of patients.

Objective To investigate the accuracy of body mass index (BMI) as the evaluation standard for obesity in Miao adults in Guangxi, to find out the BMI cutoff value suitable for the evaluation standard of adult obesity, and to provide an accurate and reliable reference value for the prevention and treatment of obesity in Miao nationality adults. Methods Using a cross-sectional design, residents aged 18 years or older in the Miao villages in Rongshui Miao Autonomous County, Guangxi, were selected as the research subjects, and their body composition was measured. The percent body fat (PBF) standard was used as the ^“gold standard^” for obesity, and the BMI standard for obesity in Chinese adults was used as the positive screening standard. The accuracy of the BMI standard was evaluated, and the ROC curve analysis was used to determine the optimal BMI cutoff value for obesity in Miao adults. Results The detection rate of obesity of Miao adults in Guangxi by BMI method was lower than that by PBF method (10.3% vs 19.0%, χ²=426.62, P<0.001). The results of reliability evaluation showed that BMI was in good agreement with PBF in judging obesity (Kappa=0.59, P<0.001). BMI as a screening criterion for obesity in Miao adults showed high specificity and low sensitivity, low Yordon index, high positive predictive value and high positive likelihood ratio, and low negative predictive value and high negative likelihood ratio. When the PBF was used as the ^“gold standard^”, BMI had a good diagnostic performance for obesity in Miao adults (AUC=0.959, P<0.001). The optimal BMI cutoff points for obesity in adults of Miao nationality in Guangxi were 25.85 kg/m² and 25.55 kg/m² for men and women, respectively. Conclusion BMI is of great value for the diagnosis of obesity in Miao adults, but it should not be used as an exclusion criterion for obesity. Especially in the case of a small sample size, the risk of misclassification bias is relatively high.