Oncolytic virus is a unique anti-tumor immunotherapy that can specifically infect and lyse tumor cells,while inducing and activating the body's own anti-tumor immune response to attack tumors.So far,three oncolytic viruses have been approved for marketing.In 2005,China first approved recombinant human adenovirus type 5(H101/Oncorine)combined with chemotherapy for the treatment of advanced nasopharyngeal cancer patients.In 2015,the US Food and Drug Administration(FDA)approved herpes simplex virus type I(T-VEC)for the treatment of recurrent melanoma after primary surgery,T-VEC was subsequently approved in Europe.In 2021,Japan's Ministry of Health,Labour and Welfare approved third-generation recombinant herpes simplex virus type I(Delytact/G47Δ)for the treatment of malignant glioma.Although the approval of H101 in China marks a breakthrough in the development of oncolytic viruses,compared to T-VEC and Delytact,H101 has not significantly impacted the treatment of patients with advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma.This may be due to its inability to provide a complete tumor response as a monotherapy,and the fact that most nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients in China undergo radiotherapy,making it difficult for them to benefit from chemotherapy combined with H101.Therefore,this treatment regimen still needs improvement.In recent years,with the maturity of genetic engineering technology,oncolytic viruses have been continuously improved and refined.This review summarizes the clinical research progress of oncolytic viruses and discusses their characteristics and development prospects.

Oncolytic virus is a unique anti-tumor immunotherapy that can specifically infect and lyse tumor cells,while inducing and activating the body's own anti-tumor immune response to attack tumors.So far,three oncolytic viruses have been approved for marketing.In 2005,China first approved recombinant human adenovirus type 5(H101/Oncorine)combined with chemotherapy for the treatment of advanced nasopharyngeal cancer patients.In 2015,the US Food and Drug Administration(FDA)approved herpes simplex virus type I(T-VEC)for the treatment of recurrent melanoma after primary surgery,T-VEC was subsequently approved in Europe.In 2021,Japan's Ministry of Health,Labour and Welfare approved third-generation recombinant herpes simplex virus type I(Delytact/G47Δ)for the treatment of malignant glioma.Although the approval of H101 in China marks a breakthrough in the development of oncolytic viruses,compared to T-VEC and Delytact,H101 has not significantly impacted the treatment of patients with advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma.This may be due to its inability to provide a complete tumor response as a monotherapy,and the fact that most nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients in China undergo radiotherapy,making it difficult for them to benefit from chemotherapy combined with H101.Therefore,this treatment regimen still needs improvement.In recent years,with the maturity of genetic engineering technology,oncolytic viruses have been continuously improved and refined.This review summarizes the clinical research progress of oncolytic viruses and discusses their characteristics and development prospects.

OBJECTIVES: Shelter hospital was an alternative way to provide large-scale medical isolation and treatment for people with mild coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Due to various reasons, patients admitted to the large shelter hospital was reported high level of psychological distress, so did the healthcare workers. This study aims to introduce a comprehensive and multifaceted psychosocial crisis intervention model. METHODS: The psychosocial crisis intervention model was provided to 200 patients and 240 healthcare workers in Wuhan Wuchang shelter hospital. Patient volunteers and organized peer support, client-centered culturally sensitive supportive care, timely delivery of scientific information about COVID-19 and its complications, mental health knowledge acquisition of non-psychiatric healthcare workers, group activities, counseling and education, virtualization of psychological intervention, consultation and liaison were exhibited respectively in the model. Pre-service survey was done in 38 patients and 49 healthcare workers using the Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item (GAD-7) scale, the Patient Health Questionnaire 2-item (PHQ-2) scale, and the Primary Care PTSD screen for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th edition (PC-PTSD-5). Forty-eight healthcare workers gave feedback after the intervention. RESULTS: The psychosocial crisis intervention model was successfully implemented by 10 mental health professionals and was well-accepted by both patients and healthcare workers in the shelter hospital. In pre-service survey, 15.8% of 38 patients were with anxiety, 55.3% were with stress, and 15.8% were with depression; 16.3% of 49 healthcare workers were with anxiety, 26.5% were with stress, and 22.4% were with depression. In post-service survey, 62.5% of 48 healthcare workers thought it was very practical, 37.5% thought more practical; 37.5% of them thought it was very helpful to relief anxiety and insomnia, and 27.1% thought much helpful; 37.5% of them thought it was very helpful to recognize patients with anxiety and insomnia, and 29.2% thought much helpful; 35.4% of them thought it was very helpful to deal with patients' anxiety and insomnia, and 37.5% thought much helpful. CONCLUSIONS Psychological crisis intervention is feasible, acceptable, and associated with positive outcomes. Future tastings of this model in larger population and different settings are warranted.
Humans ; COVID-19 ; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders ; Crisis Intervention ; Psychosocial Intervention ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Mental Health ; Depression/epidemiology* ; Health Personnel/psychology* ; Anxiety/etiology*