Objective:To analyze the relationship between 24-hour urinary calcium (24 h UCa) level and the risk of end-stage kidney disease (ESKD), cardiovascular disease (CVD), and all-cause mortality.Methods:In the Chinese Cohort Study of Chronic Kidney Disease, we examined 3 375 patients aged 18-74 years with CKD stages 1-4. Kaplan-Meier survival and Cox proportional hazard regression models were used to test a time-to-event association between levels of 24 h UCa and incidence of ESKD, CVD, and all-cause mortality.Results:During a follow-up of 4.17 (3.37, 5.20) years, 179, 145, 104 and 38 ESKD events occurred in <0.60, 0.60-, 1.20-, ≥2.32 mmol 24 h UCa groups. Higher levels of 24 h UCa (1.20-,≥2.32 mmol) were independently associated with a lower incidence of ESKD events in patients with CKD, with HR (95% CI) of 0.71 (0.54-0.93) and 0.43 (0.29-0.64), respectively. No significant associations with CVD and all-cause mortality endpoints were detected. Conclusion:Among patients with CKD, levels of 24 h UCa displayed an association with the risk of ESKD among patients with CKD stages 1-4.

Objective:To analyze the relationship between 24-hour urinary calcium (24 h UCa) level and the risk of end-stage kidney disease (ESKD), cardiovascular disease (CVD), and all-cause mortality.Methods:In the Chinese Cohort Study of Chronic Kidney Disease, we examined 3 375 patients aged 18-74 years with CKD stages 1-4. Kaplan-Meier survival and Cox proportional hazard regression models were used to test a time-to-event association between levels of 24 h UCa and incidence of ESKD, CVD, and all-cause mortality.Results:During a follow-up of 4.17 (3.37, 5.20) years, 179, 145, 104 and 38 ESKD events occurred in <0.60, 0.60-, 1.20-, ≥2.32 mmol 24 h UCa groups. Higher levels of 24 h UCa (1.20-,≥2.32 mmol) were independently associated with a lower incidence of ESKD events in patients with CKD, with HR (95% CI) of 0.71 (0.54-0.93) and 0.43 (0.29-0.64), respectively. No significant associations with CVD and all-cause mortality endpoints were detected. Conclusion:Among patients with CKD, levels of 24 h UCa displayed an association with the risk of ESKD among patients with CKD stages 1-4.

Objective:Renal involvement in primary Sjogren′s syndrome (pSS) has been considered rare, and recent studies have shown that there was a large difference in the prevalence of the disease, which has been reported to range from 0.03% to 67%. The meta-analysis was to determine the prevalence of renal involvement in pSS patients.Methods:The study on pSS renal involvement was conducted in Pubmed, Embase and Cochrane Library from January 2002 to May 2019. After logarithmic conversion of the prevalence rate, meta-analysis of random effect model was carried out to explore the prevalence of pSS renal involvement. Subgroup analysis and meta regression analysis were used to explore the source of heterogeneity. We also performed sensitivity analysis and assessments of publication bias by Begger′s test.Results:The meta-analysis included eighteen observational studies of 8 888 participants. The result in random effects model showed that the combined prevalence was 9.0% (95% CI: 6.0%-12.0%), with significant heterogeneity between these studies ( I2=97%, P<0.01). The source of heterogeneity was explained by a stratified analysis of region, type of study, and the diagnostic criteria for renal involvement. Sensitivity analysis showed that the result was robust and Begger′s test did not detect the presence of publication bias. Conclusions:The prevalence of renal involvement in pSS is 9.0%. Due to huge heterogeneity, large multicenter prospective studies will be needed to determine its prevalence and the relationship between pSS and kidney.

This study analyzed the current status of the cultivation process of professional postgraduates of clinical medicine, combining with the case of the auxiliary teaching model of Academic Salons on the WeChat platform in Xiangya Hospital of Central South University. We collected students' satisfaction evaluation of this auxiliary teaching model by questionnaire survey. Through analyzing the results and feedback, we found that the overall satisfaction of this auxiliary teaching model is 71.43%, and the model has a remarkable effect in broadening knowledge, inspiring thinking of clinical diagnosis and treatment, improving ability of scientific research, increasing learning interest, enhancing the ability to link theory with practice, and using the knowledge flexibly. However, there are still some shortcomings in early publicity, understanding students' interests and needs, and improving students' autonomous learning ability. Therefore, using the WeChat platform to carry out academic salons is a good auxiliary teaching model for cultivating the scientific research ability of professional postgraduates of clinical medicine.