Objective To analyze the correlation between cardiac function and degree of coronary artery lesion in elderly patients with coronary heart disease. Methods A total of 110 elderly patients with coronary heart disease and 30 elderly people without coronary heart disease (non-coronary heart disease group) in the Third People's Hospital of Chengdu were selected for the study. Based on Gensini score, the patients with coronary heart disease were classified into mild, moderate and severe lesion groups. The echocardiographic indicators and myocardial injury indicators [cardiac troponin I (cTnI), creatine kinase (CK), creatine kinase isoenzyme (CK-MB)] were compared among the groups. The correlation between cardiac function indicators and degree of coronary artery lesion and the evaluation value of various indicators on severe coronary artery lesion were analyzed. Results The left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) was represented as severe lesion groupmoderate lesion group>mild lesion group> non-coronary heart disease group (P<0.05). LVEF showed a negative correlation with degree of coronary artery lesion (P<0.05), while LVEDD, LVESD, cTnI, CK and CK-MB all exhibited positive correlations with degree of coronary artery lesion (P<0.05). The combined detection of the above indicators demonstrated superior evaluation efficiency on severe coronary artery lesion compared to any single indicator (P<0.05). Conclusion There is a significant correlation between cardiac function and degree of coronary artery lesion in elderly patients with coronary heart disease. Comprehensive evaluation of these indicators is conducive to clinical disease risk stratification and individualized treatment.

Aim To investigate the therapeutic effects of corylifol A(CYA)on Lewis lung carcinoma(LLC)cachexia mice and its ameliorating effects on myotube atrophy induced by LLC cell-conditioned medium(LLC CM)in vitro,and to explore the mechanisms.Methods The cancer cachexia was induced by subcu-taneous inoculation of LLC cells to C57BL/6J mice.The effects of CYA(10,20 mg·kg-1·d-1,i.p.)on the cachexia symptoms and survival time of cachexia mice were observed.The effects of 2.5 or 5 μmol·L-1 CYA on myotube atrophy of C2C12 induced by LLC CM were observed.The effects of CYA on its pos-sible target the serine/threonine-protein kinase TAO1(TAOK1)and downstream signaling pathways were detected using Western blot.The influence of TAOK1 knockout on the ameliorating effects of CYA on myo-tube atrophy was observed.Results CYA could sig-nificantly prolong the survival time of tumor-bearing mice and ameliorate the muscle atrophy associated with LLC.The effects of CYA on myotube atrophy are relat-ed to its regulation of TAOK1.The effects of CYA could be reduced by knockout of TAOK1.Conclusions CYA improves the survival of LLC cachexia mice and ameliorates the related skeletal muscle atrophy.The mechanism of CYA is related to its inhibition on TAOK1 and downstream signaling pathways.

Objective To explore the high-risk factors and prevention strategies for rebleeding in patients with upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage(UGIH)treated with endoscopy,and construct a predictive model.Methods 97 patients with UGIH who experienced rebleeding after endoscopic treatment from January 2020 to December 2023 were selected as the observation group,and another 178 patients with UGIH who did not experience rebleeding after endoscopic treatment admitted during the same period were selected as the control group,both groups were followed up for 1 year after endoscopic treatment.Clinical data of the two groups was compared,the high-risk factors for rebleeding after endoscopic treatment in patients with UGIH were analyzed by multivariate Logistic regression analysis,a predictive model was constructed,and the predictive value of the model for rebleeding after endoscopic treatment in patients with UGIH was analyzed by plotting a receiver operator characteristic curve(ROC curve)to analyze.Results The proportions of patients in the observation group with liver cirrhosis,shock,endoscopic active bleeding,Forrest classification of Ia to Ib,level of blood hemoglobin≤90 g/L,and level of blood platelet≤100×109/L were 55.67%,14.43%,37.11%,62.89%,23.71%,and 23.71%,respectively,which were higher than the control group's 41.57%,2.25%,18.54%,44.38%,3.37%,and 7.87%.The level of serum D-dimer(D-D)of the observation group was higher than that of the control group,and the bleeding volume of the observation group was more than that of the control group,the prothrombin time(PT)of the observation group was longer than that of the control group(P<0.05).Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that:cirrhosis((O＾R)=2.423,95%CI:1.124～5.224),shock((O＾R)=6.897,95%CI:1.487～31.995),endoscopic active bleeding((O＾R)=2.604,95%CI:1.109～6.118),Forrest grading of Ia to Ib((O＾R)=2.494,95%CI:1.162～5.354),level of blood hemoglobin≤90 g/L((O＾R)=5.270,95%CI:1.797～15.442),level of blood platelet≤100×109/L((O＾R)=5.018,95%CI:1.733～14.531),bleeding volume>189.61 mL((O＾R)=1.025,95%CI:1.016～1.034),PT>15.99 s((O＾R)=1.996,95%CI:1.618～2.460)were both risk factors for rebleeding in UGIH patients after endoscopic treatment(P<0.05).Regression equation model:logit(P)=-18.551+cirrhosis×0.885+shock×1.931+endoscopic active bleeding×0.957+Forrest grading×0.914+level of blood hemoglobin×1.662+level of blood platelet×1.613+bleeding volume×0.025+PT×0.691.The ROC curve for predicting rebleeding in UGIH patients after endoscopic treatment was plotted according to the diagnostic probability logit(P).When logit(P)>0.30,the 95%CI was 0.891～0.955,and the diagnostic sensitivity and specificity were 88.66%and 83.15%,respectively.The area under the curve(AUC)value was 0.923.Conclusion The cirrhosis,shock,endoscopic active bleeding,Forrest grade Ia to Ib,level of blood hemoglobin≤90 g/L,level of blood platelet≤100×109/L,bleeding volume>189.61 mL,and PT>15.99 s are independent risk factors for rebleeding after endoscopic treatment in patients with UGIH.The model constructed based on this has high predictive value,which can be used clinically to provide personalized intervention and treatment for high-risk patients to reduce or avoid the occurrence of rebleeding.

Objective To explore the high-risk factors and prevention strategies for rebleeding in patients with upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage(UGIH)treated with endoscopy,and construct a predictive model.Methods 97 patients with UGIH who experienced rebleeding after endoscopic treatment from January 2020 to December 2023 were selected as the observation group,and another 178 patients with UGIH who did not experience rebleeding after endoscopic treatment admitted during the same period were selected as the control group,both groups were followed up for 1 year after endoscopic treatment.Clinical data of the two groups was compared,the high-risk factors for rebleeding after endoscopic treatment in patients with UGIH were analyzed by multivariate Logistic regression analysis,a predictive model was constructed,and the predictive value of the model for rebleeding after endoscopic treatment in patients with UGIH was analyzed by plotting a receiver operator characteristic curve(ROC curve)to analyze.Results The proportions of patients in the observation group with liver cirrhosis,shock,endoscopic active bleeding,Forrest classification of Ia to Ib,level of blood hemoglobin≤90 g/L,and level of blood platelet≤100×109/L were 55.67%,14.43%,37.11%,62.89%,23.71%,and 23.71%,respectively,which were higher than the control group's 41.57%,2.25%,18.54%,44.38%,3.37%,and 7.87%.The level of serum D-dimer(D-D)of the observation group was higher than that of the control group,and the bleeding volume of the observation group was more than that of the control group,the prothrombin time(PT)of the observation group was longer than that of the control group(P<0.05).Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that:cirrhosis((O＾R)=2.423,95%CI:1.124～5.224),shock((O＾R)=6.897,95%CI:1.487～31.995),endoscopic active bleeding((O＾R)=2.604,95%CI:1.109～6.118),Forrest grading of Ia to Ib((O＾R)=2.494,95%CI:1.162～5.354),level of blood hemoglobin≤90 g/L((O＾R)=5.270,95%CI:1.797～15.442),level of blood platelet≤100×109/L((O＾R)=5.018,95%CI:1.733～14.531),bleeding volume>189.61 mL((O＾R)=1.025,95%CI:1.016～1.034),PT>15.99 s((O＾R)=1.996,95%CI:1.618～2.460)were both risk factors for rebleeding in UGIH patients after endoscopic treatment(P<0.05).Regression equation model:logit(P)=-18.551+cirrhosis×0.885+shock×1.931+endoscopic active bleeding×0.957+Forrest grading×0.914+level of blood hemoglobin×1.662+level of blood platelet×1.613+bleeding volume×0.025+PT×0.691.The ROC curve for predicting rebleeding in UGIH patients after endoscopic treatment was plotted according to the diagnostic probability logit(P).When logit(P)>0.30,the 95%CI was 0.891～0.955,and the diagnostic sensitivity and specificity were 88.66%and 83.15%,respectively.The area under the curve(AUC)value was 0.923.Conclusion The cirrhosis,shock,endoscopic active bleeding,Forrest grade Ia to Ib,level of blood hemoglobin≤90 g/L,level of blood platelet≤100×109/L,bleeding volume>189.61 mL,and PT>15.99 s are independent risk factors for rebleeding after endoscopic treatment in patients with UGIH.The model constructed based on this has high predictive value,which can be used clinically to provide personalized intervention and treatment for high-risk patients to reduce or avoid the occurrence of rebleeding.

Purpose To explore the clinicopathological features,diagnosis and differential diagnosis of mantle cell lymphoma(MCL)with aberrant expression of CD10.Methods 14 cases of MCL with aberrant expression of CD10 were analyzed using hematoxylin-eosin,immunohistochemical stains,in situ hybridization,and fluorescence in situ hy-bridization(FISH)techniques to observe the histological morphology,immunophenotype,and molecular genetic char-acteristics.The relevant literatures were reviewed.Results There were 11 males and 3 females,with a male-to-fe-male ratio of 11∶3.The age ranged from 49 to 80 years,with an average age of 64.4 years and a median age of 64 years.10 cases occurred in lymph nodes,1 case in the nasopharynx,1 case in the right colon,1 case in the right eye-lid,and 1 case in the right testis.According to the Ann Arbor staging system,8 cases were classified as stage Ⅳ and 5 cases as stage Ⅲ,and 1 case with undetermined staging.Histologically,there was diffuse effacement of the normal architecture by tumor cells infiltration.Transparent degenerate small blood vessels and scattered individual epithelial-like tissue cells could be observed in the background.Among them,8 cases(8/14,57.14％)were composed of uni-form small to medium-sized lymphocytes with slightly irregular nuclei,unevenly dispersed chromatin,inconspicuous nucleoli,and scant cytoplasm,along with observable mitotic figures.In 3 cases(3/14,21.43％),the tumor cells were large and markedly pleomorphic,with round or irregular nuclei,prominent nucleoli,frequent mitotic figures,and abundant pale cytoplasm.Tumor cells in 3 cases(3/14,21.43％)were resembling lymphoblasts,characterized by round nuclei,fine chromatin,inconspicuous nucleoli,frequent mitotic figures,and scant cytoplasm.Immunophenotyp-ically,CD21 staining showed residual follicular dendritic meshworks.The tumor cells were diffusely and strongly posi-tive for CD20(14/14),PAX5(7/7),CD5(14/14),Cyclin D1(14/14),SOX11(11/11),and BCL2(13/13),partially positive for BCL6(8/14,57.14％)and MUM1(6/9,66.67％),but negative for CD3(14/14)and CD23(14/14).Among 14 cases,10 cases were diffusely and strongly positive for CD10(10/14,71.43％),and 4 cases were partially positive for CD10(4/14,28.57％).The percentage of Ki67 index ranged from 10％to 90％.All cases were negative for EBER(8/8).FISH analysis was performed in 9 cases,among which 7 cases showed CCND1 gene rearrangement,another 2 cases failed to detect due to insufficient tissue samples.Bone marrow biopsy was performed in 13 cases,revealing involvement in 8 cases(8/13,61.54％)and no involvement in 5 cases(5/13,38.46％).Con-clusion MCL with aberrant expression of CD10 is very rare,which commonly exhibits a diffuse growth pattern and blastoid and pleomorphic variants.It often has a high Ki67 proliferation index and poorer prognosis,and should be dis-tinguished from other subtypes of CD1O-positive B-cell lymphomas.

Aim To investigate the therapeutic effects of corylifol A(CYA)on Lewis lung carcinoma(LLC)cachexia mice and its ameliorating effects on myotube atrophy induced by LLC cell-conditioned medium(LLC CM)in vitro,and to explore the mechanisms.Methods The cancer cachexia was induced by subcu-taneous inoculation of LLC cells to C57BL/6J mice.The effects of CYA(10,20 mg·kg-1·d-1,i.p.)on the cachexia symptoms and survival time of cachexia mice were observed.The effects of 2.5 or 5 μmol·L-1 CYA on myotube atrophy of C2C12 induced by LLC CM were observed.The effects of CYA on its pos-sible target the serine/threonine-protein kinase TAO1(TAOK1)and downstream signaling pathways were detected using Western blot.The influence of TAOK1 knockout on the ameliorating effects of CYA on myo-tube atrophy was observed.Results CYA could sig-nificantly prolong the survival time of tumor-bearing mice and ameliorate the muscle atrophy associated with LLC.The effects of CYA on myotube atrophy are relat-ed to its regulation of TAOK1.The effects of CYA could be reduced by knockout of TAOK1.Conclusions CYA improves the survival of LLC cachexia mice and ameliorates the related skeletal muscle atrophy.The mechanism of CYA is related to its inhibition on TAOK1 and downstream signaling pathways.

Purpose To explore the clinicopathological features,diagnosis and differential diagnosis of mantle cell lymphoma(MCL)with aberrant expression of CD10.Methods 14 cases of MCL with aberrant expression of CD10 were analyzed using hematoxylin-eosin,immunohistochemical stains,in situ hybridization,and fluorescence in situ hy-bridization(FISH)techniques to observe the histological morphology,immunophenotype,and molecular genetic char-acteristics.The relevant literatures were reviewed.Results There were 11 males and 3 females,with a male-to-fe-male ratio of 11∶3.The age ranged from 49 to 80 years,with an average age of 64.4 years and a median age of 64 years.10 cases occurred in lymph nodes,1 case in the nasopharynx,1 case in the right colon,1 case in the right eye-lid,and 1 case in the right testis.According to the Ann Arbor staging system,8 cases were classified as stage Ⅳ and 5 cases as stage Ⅲ,and 1 case with undetermined staging.Histologically,there was diffuse effacement of the normal architecture by tumor cells infiltration.Transparent degenerate small blood vessels and scattered individual epithelial-like tissue cells could be observed in the background.Among them,8 cases(8/14,57.14％)were composed of uni-form small to medium-sized lymphocytes with slightly irregular nuclei,unevenly dispersed chromatin,inconspicuous nucleoli,and scant cytoplasm,along with observable mitotic figures.In 3 cases(3/14,21.43％),the tumor cells were large and markedly pleomorphic,with round or irregular nuclei,prominent nucleoli,frequent mitotic figures,and abundant pale cytoplasm.Tumor cells in 3 cases(3/14,21.43％)were resembling lymphoblasts,characterized by round nuclei,fine chromatin,inconspicuous nucleoli,frequent mitotic figures,and scant cytoplasm.Immunophenotyp-ically,CD21 staining showed residual follicular dendritic meshworks.The tumor cells were diffusely and strongly posi-tive for CD20(14/14),PAX5(7/7),CD5(14/14),Cyclin D1(14/14),SOX11(11/11),and BCL2(13/13),partially positive for BCL6(8/14,57.14％)and MUM1(6/9,66.67％),but negative for CD3(14/14)and CD23(14/14).Among 14 cases,10 cases were diffusely and strongly positive for CD10(10/14,71.43％),and 4 cases were partially positive for CD10(4/14,28.57％).The percentage of Ki67 index ranged from 10％to 90％.All cases were negative for EBER(8/8).FISH analysis was performed in 9 cases,among which 7 cases showed CCND1 gene rearrangement,another 2 cases failed to detect due to insufficient tissue samples.Bone marrow biopsy was performed in 13 cases,revealing involvement in 8 cases(8/13,61.54％)and no involvement in 5 cases(5/13,38.46％).Con-clusion MCL with aberrant expression of CD10 is very rare,which commonly exhibits a diffuse growth pattern and blastoid and pleomorphic variants.It often has a high Ki67 proliferation index and poorer prognosis,and should be dis-tinguished from other subtypes of CD1O-positive B-cell lymphomas.

Background and aims Adeno-associated virus (AAV) is becoming an attractive vector due to its low toxicity and minimal immunogenicity. However, liver-targeted AAV gene therapy still faces challenges, such as low delivery efficiency and safety risks associated with high vector doses. Isolated hepatic perfusion (IHP) has been explored as a localized drug delivery method, yet its full potential in gene therapy remains under investigation. Here, we investigated the efficiency of AAV8 delivery via the IHP route and its preference for hepatic transduction. Methods The IHP route was established through surgery in rats and cynomolgus monkey, and the AAV8-dTomato solution was injected into the entire liver through the inflow tract and maintained for 10 min. One week later, liver tissues were obtained, and the dTomato fluorescence expression area fraction and intensity were analyzed. Results AAV8-dTomato delivery via the IHP resulted in over 60% dTomato-positive areas in rat liver and showed higher efficiency than the portal vein (PV) and inferior vena cava (IVC) routes at equivalent doses. In rats, AAV8-dTomato expression was primarily periportal across IHP, PV, and IVC routes, while in cynomolgus monkey, IHP delivery showed a pericentral pattern. Conclusions In this study, we found that IHP is an effective strategy for AAV8 delivery. In addition, the distribution characteristics of AAV8, when delivered in cynomolgus monkey via IHP, provide candidate vector delivery schemes for gene therapy for different types of genetic liver diseases.

Lithocarpus litseifolius is rich in the chalcones phloridzin and trilobatin, the biosynthesis pathways of which have not been fully demonstrated. Chalcone synthase(CHS) is the first key rate-limiting enzyme in the biosynthesis of flavonoids in plants. To explore the functions of CHS gene family in chalcone synthesis of L. litseifolius, this study screened out two CHS genes(LlCHS1 and LlCHS2) from the transcriptome data of this plant, and then bioinformatics analysis and functional characterization were performed for the two genes. The bioinformatics analysis showed that LlCHS1 and LlCHS2 were acidic hydrophilic stable proteins with no transmembrane domain, composed of 395 and 390 amino acid residues, respectively. Both of them contained the characteristic amino acid sequence "WGVLFGFGPGL" and highly conserved active sites(Cys-164, Phe-215, His-303, and Asn-336) of the CHS family. The phylogenetic tree showed that LlCHS1 shared the same clade with similar genes in Aquilaria sinensis, and LlCHS2 was closely related to similar genes in Malus domestica. Under exogenous addition of phloretic acid, co-expression of LlCHS1 or LlCHS2 with Aa4CL from Aromatoleum aromaticum in Escherichia coli catalyzed the production of phloretin from phloretic acid. This study laid a theoretical foundation for revealing the functions of CHS in plants and provided new enzymatic modules for producing phloretin by synthetic biology.
Acyltransferases/chemistry* ; Phylogeny ; Plant Proteins/chemistry* ; Cloning, Molecular ; Amino Acid Sequence

Background: Triglyceride glucose (TyG) and TyG-body mass index (TyG-BMI) are reliable surrogate indices of insulin resistance and used for risk stratification and outcome prediction in patients with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). Here, we inserted estimated average glucose (eAG) into the TyG (TyAG) and TyG-BMI (TyAG-BMI) as derived parameters and explored their clinical significance in cardiovascular risk prediction. Methods: This was a population-based cohort study of 9,944 Chinese patients with ASCVD. The baseline admission fasting glucose and A1C-derived eAG values were recorded. Cardiovascular events (CVEs) that occurred during an average of 38.5 months of follow-up were recorded. We stratified the patients into four groups by quartiles of the parameters. Baseline data and outcomes were analyzed. Results: Distribution of the TyAG and TyAG-BMI indices shifted slightly toward higher values (the right side) compared with TyG and TyG-BMI, respectively. The baseline levels of cardiovascular risk factors and coronary severity increased with quartile of TyG, TyAG, TyG-BMI, and TyAG-BMI (all P<0.001). The multivariate-adjusted hazard ratios for CVEs when the highest and lowest quartiles were compared from low to high were 1.02 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.77 to 1.36; TyG), 1.29 (95% CI, 0.97 to 1.73; TyAG), 1.59 (95% CI, 1.01 to 2.58; TyG-BMI), and 1.91 (95% CI, 1.16 to 3.15; TyAG-BMI). The latter two showed statistical significance. Conclusion This study suggests that TyAG and TyAG-BMI exhibit more information than TyG and TyG-BMI in disease progression among patients with ASCVD. The TyAG-BMI index provided better predictive performance for CVEs than other parameters.