Blood from a case of group B epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis identified in February 2024 in Ganzhou City,Jiangxi Province,and throat swabs from close contacts were collected for isolation and culture.The isolates were subjected to serogrouping,drug sensitivity testing,and whole genome sequencing and analysis,to provide a basis for epidemiological inves-tigation and clinical drug use.One strain of Neisseria meningitidis was isolated from the blood of the case and denoted group B.The MLST type was ST-7962,with no clonal group attribution.The phylogenetic tree showed that it was genetically close to the 1977 Shanghai carrier isolate(id-52231).Drug sensitivity results indicated that the strain was sensitive to 8 drugs:azithro-mycin,cefotaxime,minocycline,ceftriaxone,chloramphenicol,meropenem,rifampicin,and benzylpenicillin;resistant to cot-rimoxazole,levofloxacin,and ciprofloxacin;and showed an intermediate response to penicillin.This report describes the first case of ST-7962 group B meningoencephalitis found in Jiangxi Province.Monitoring of Neisseria meningitidis carriage,drug re-sistance,and molecular characteristics of strains in the healthy population in this region should be strengthened,to provide la-boratory support for the clinical use of medications,traceability,and control of the pathogen underlying meningoencephalitis infection.

Blood from a case of group B epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis identified in February 2024 in Ganzhou City,Jiangxi Province,and throat swabs from close contacts were collected for isolation and culture.The isolates were subjected to serogrouping,drug sensitivity testing,and whole genome sequencing and analysis,to provide a basis for epidemiological inves-tigation and clinical drug use.One strain of Neisseria meningitidis was isolated from the blood of the case and denoted group B.The MLST type was ST-7962,with no clonal group attribution.The phylogenetic tree showed that it was genetically close to the 1977 Shanghai carrier isolate(id-52231).Drug sensitivity results indicated that the strain was sensitive to 8 drugs:azithro-mycin,cefotaxime,minocycline,ceftriaxone,chloramphenicol,meropenem,rifampicin,and benzylpenicillin;resistant to cot-rimoxazole,levofloxacin,and ciprofloxacin;and showed an intermediate response to penicillin.This report describes the first case of ST-7962 group B meningoencephalitis found in Jiangxi Province.Monitoring of Neisseria meningitidis carriage,drug re-sistance,and molecular characteristics of strains in the healthy population in this region should be strengthened,to provide la-boratory support for the clinical use of medications,traceability,and control of the pathogen underlying meningoencephalitis infection.

Objective:To analyze the association between moderate-to-vigorous-physical activity (MVPA) and obesity, poor sleep quality, as well as multimorbidity in 7- to 8-year-old children in Shanghai City.Methods:From September to November 2023, a cluster sampling method was used to select second-grade students from four primary schools in Jinshan District, Shanghai. Three-axis acceleration motion sensors (GT3X+, Acti-graph) were used to monitor daily physical activity for seven consecutive days. A multivariate logistic regression model was used to analyze the association between MVPA duration characteristics and obesity, poor sleep quality and multimorbidity in school-age children.Results:Of the 937 study participants, 512 (54.64%) were boys and 425 (45.36%) were girls. Among them, 89 (9.50%) were obese and 782 (83.46%) had poor sleep quality. A total of 77 cases (8.22%) were affected by obesity and poor sleep quality. The average daily MVPA time was (45.97±15.87) minutes, and the MVPA attainment rate was 17.18%. The multivariate logistic regression model analysis showed that, after adjusting for covariates, the daily average MVPA time was negatively associated with the risk of obesity ( OR=0.982, 95% CI: 0.968-0.997), as well as multimorbidity ( OR=0.981, 95% CI: 0.965-0.997). The risk of obesity, poor sleep quality and multimorbidity in <1 d was 2.228 ( OR=2.228, 95% CI: 1.398-3.549), 1.702 ( OR=1.702, 95% CI: 1.141-2.540) and 2.150 ( OR=2.150, 95% CI: 1.310-3.528) times higher than that in ≥1 d. Conclusion:Obesity, poor sleep quality and multimorbidity of school-age children are closely related to the level of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity.

Objective:To analyze the association between moderate-to-vigorous-physical activity (MVPA) and obesity, poor sleep quality, as well as multimorbidity in 7- to 8-year-old children in Shanghai City.Methods:From September to November 2023, a cluster sampling method was used to select second-grade students from four primary schools in Jinshan District, Shanghai. Three-axis acceleration motion sensors (GT3X+, Acti-graph) were used to monitor daily physical activity for seven consecutive days. A multivariate logistic regression model was used to analyze the association between MVPA duration characteristics and obesity, poor sleep quality and multimorbidity in school-age children.Results:Of the 937 study participants, 512 (54.64%) were boys and 425 (45.36%) were girls. Among them, 89 (9.50%) were obese and 782 (83.46%) had poor sleep quality. A total of 77 cases (8.22%) were affected by obesity and poor sleep quality. The average daily MVPA time was (45.97±15.87) minutes, and the MVPA attainment rate was 17.18%. The multivariate logistic regression model analysis showed that, after adjusting for covariates, the daily average MVPA time was negatively associated with the risk of obesity ( OR=0.982, 95% CI: 0.968-0.997), as well as multimorbidity ( OR=0.981, 95% CI: 0.965-0.997). The risk of obesity, poor sleep quality and multimorbidity in <1 d was 2.228 ( OR=2.228, 95% CI: 1.398-3.549), 1.702 ( OR=1.702, 95% CI: 1.141-2.540) and 2.150 ( OR=2.150, 95% CI: 1.310-3.528) times higher than that in ≥1 d. Conclusion:Obesity, poor sleep quality and multimorbidity of school-age children are closely related to the level of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity.

This study aimed to explore the therapeutic mechanisms of Colquhounia Root Tablets(CRT) in treating diabetic kidney disease(DKD) by integrating biomolecular network mining with animal model verification. By analyzing clinical transcriptomics data, an interaction network was constructed between candidate targets of CRT and DKD-related genes. Based on the topological eigenvalues of network nodes, 101 core network targets of CRT against DKD were identified. These targets were found to be closely related to multiple pathways associated with type 2 diabetes, immune response, and metabolic reprogramming. Given that immune-inflammatory imbalance driven by metabolic reprogramming is one of the key pathogenic mechanisms of DKD, and that many core network targets of CRT are involved in this pathological process, receptor for advanced glycation end products(RAGE)-reactive oxygen species(ROS)-phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase(PI3K)-protein kinase B(AKT)-nuclear factor-κB(NF-κB)-NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3(NLRP3) signaling axis was selected as a candidate target for in-depth research. Further, a rat model of DKD induced by a high-sugar, high-fat diet and streptozotocin was established to evaluate the pharmacological effects of CRT and verify the expression of related targets. The experimental results showed that CRT could effectively correct metabolic disturbances in DKD, restore immune-inflammatory balance, and improve renal function and its pathological changes by inhibiting the activation of the RAGE-ROS-PI3K-AKT-NF-κB-NLRP3 signaling axis. In conclusion, this study reveals that CRT alleviates the progression of DKD through dual regulation of metabolic reprogramming and immune-inflammatory responses, providing strong experimental evidence for its clinical application in DKD.
Animals ; Diabetic Nephropathies/metabolism* ; Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products/genetics* ; NF-kappa B/genetics* ; Signal Transduction/drug effects* ; Rats ; NLR Family, Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 Protein/genetics* ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt/genetics* ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/administration & dosage* ; Male ; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases/genetics* ; Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism* ; Humans ; Plant Roots/chemistry* ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Tablets/administration & dosage*

This study aims to systematically characterize the targeted effects of Quanduzhong Capsules on cartilage lesions in knee osteoarthritis by integrating spatial transcriptomics data mining and animal experiments validation, thereby elucidating the related molecular mechanisms. A knee osteoarthritis model was established using Sprague-Dawley(SD) rats, via a modified Hulth method. Hematoxylin and eosin(HE) staining was employed to detect knee osteoarthritis-associated pathological changes in knee cartilage. Candidate targets of Quanduzhong Capsules were collected from the HIT 2.0 database, followed by bioinformatics analysis of spatial transcriptomics datasets(GSE254844) from cartilage tissues in clinical knee osteoarthritis patients to identify spatially specific disease genes. Furthermore, a "formula candidate targets-spatially specific genes in cartilage lesions" interaction network was constructed to explore the effects and major mechanisms of Quanduzhong Capsules in distinct cartilage regions. Experimental validation was conducted through immunohistochemistry using animal-derived biospecimens. The results indicated that Quanduzhong Capsules effectively inhibited the degenerative changes in the cartilage of affected joints in rats, which was associated with the regulation of Quanduzhong Capsules on the thioredoxin-interacting protein(TXNIP)-NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3(NLRP3)-bone morphogenetic protein receptor type 2(BMPR2)-fibronectin 1(FN1)-matrix metallopeptidase 2(MMP2) signal axis in the articular cartilage surface and superficial zones, subsequently inhibiting cartilage matrix degradation leading to oxidative stress and inflammatory diffusion. In summary, this study clarifies the spatially specific targeted effects and protective mechanisms of Quanduzhong Capsules within pathological cartilage regions in knee osteoarthritis, providing theoretical and experimental support for the clinical application of this drug in the targeted therapy on the inflamed cartilage.
Animals ; Osteoarthritis, Knee/metabolism* ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/administration & dosage* ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Rats ; Male ; Humans ; Capsules ; Female ; Disease Models, Animal

Objective To investigate the distribution of Oncomelania hupensis snails in different water systems in Anqing City from 2016 to 2022, so as to provide insights into snail control in the city. Methods Snail survey data and distribution of water systems in snail-infested environments were collected from schistosomiasis-endemic areas of Anqing City from 2016 to 2022. The vector maps of towns and water systems in Anqing City were downloaded from National Geomatics Center of China. The GPS toolbox APP version 2.7.9 was downloaded from a smartphone to record the longitude and latitude of each snail-infested environment in Anqing City, which were loaded into the software LocaSpace Viewer version 4.4.6 to map the distribution of snail-infested environments. The area of snail habitats, area of emerging snail habitats, area of re-emerging snail habitats, type of snail habitats and density of living snails were descriptively analyzed. The spatial database of snail-infested environments in Anqing City was built with the software ArcGIS version 10.8, and the density of living snails was subjected to spatial autocorrelation analysis in snail-infested environments. The hotspot clusters of density of living snails were identified in snail-infested environments and the density of living snails was subjected to standard deviation ellipse analysis in snail-infested environments. Results A total of 515 snail-infested environments were identified in water systems in Anqing City in 2022. The area of snail habitats reduced from 6 909.32 hm² in 2016 to 6 087.48 hm² in 2022, with a reduction of 11.89%, and the areas of snail habitats reduced by 2.39%, 21.71% and 1.67% in the main stream of the Yangtze River, the Wanhe River system and the Caizihu River system in Anhui City, respectively, while the area of snail habitats increased by 3.94% in the Huayang River system. Emerging or re-emerging snail habitats were identified in Anqing City each year during the period from 2016 to 2018 and from 2020 to 2020. The density of living snails appeared a tendency towards a decline in the Wanhe River system (b = -0.030, t = -3.019, P < 0.05) and Huayang River system (b = -0.029, t = -4.296, P < 0.05) in Anqing City from 2016 to 2022, and fluctuated in the main stream of the Yangtze River (b = 0.028, t = 1.019, P > 0.05) and the Caizihu River system (b = 0.020, t = 1.877, P > 0.05). A positive global spatial autocorrelation was identified in the density of living snails in Anqing City each year from 2016 to 2022 (all Moran's I values > 0, all P values < 0.05), and the hotspot clusters of density of living snails in snail-infested environments were mainly distributed in the Wanhe River system (Shankou Township, Hongpu Township, Yueshan Township and Wanghe Townshpi), the main stream system of the Yangtze River (Dalongshan Township, Wanhe Farm, Haikou Township and Huayang Township), the Huayang River system (Dashi Township and Xuqiao Township) and the Caizihu River system (Xiushan Township and Fangang Township). The ratio of the long to short axes of the standard deviation ellipse was 1.72 to 2.06 for the density of living snails in snail-infested environments in Anqing City from 2016 to 2022, and snails were mainly distributed in the southwest to northeast, and appeared the east-west and north-south spread. Conclusions The areas of snail habitats and the density of living snails appeared a tendency towards a decline in different water systems in Anqing City from 2016 to 2022; however, there is still a risk of snail spread. Reinforced surveillance and precision control of snails are required in Anqing City.

The etiology of pneumoconiosis is relatively clear, but the pathogenic mechanism is not fully understood, and there is no effective cure for pneumoconiosis. Clarifying the pathogenesis of pneumoconiosis and exploring relevant markers can help screen high-risk groups of dust exposure, and relevant markers can also be used as targets to intervene in the process of pulmonary fibrosis. The in-depth development of genomics, transcriptomics and proteomics has provided a new way to discover more potential markers of pneumoconiosis. In the future, the combination of multi-omics and multi-stage interactive analysis can systematically and comprehensively identify key genes (proteins) , metabolites and metabolic pathways in the occurrence and development of pneumoconiosis, build a core regulatory network, and then screen out sensitive markers related to early diagnosis and treatment of pneumoconiosis. This article summarizes the research progress of pneumoconiosis markers from the perspective of multi-omics, hoping to provide more basic data for the early prevention and diagnosis of pneumoconiosis, pathogenesis research, and therapeutic intervention.

The etiology of pneumoconiosis is relatively clear, but the pathogenic mechanism is not fully understood, and there is no effective cure for pneumoconiosis. Clarifying the pathogenesis of pneumoconiosis and exploring relevant markers can help screen high-risk groups of dust exposure, and relevant markers can also be used as targets to intervene in the process of pulmonary fibrosis. The in-depth development of genomics, transcriptomics and proteomics has provided a new way to discover more potential markers of pneumoconiosis. In the future, the combination of multi-omics and multi-stage interactive analysis can systematically and comprehensively identify key genes (proteins) , metabolites and metabolic pathways in the occurrence and development of pneumoconiosis, build a core regulatory network, and then screen out sensitive markers related to early diagnosis and treatment of pneumoconiosis. This article summarizes the research progress of pneumoconiosis markers from the perspective of multi-omics, hoping to provide more basic data for the early prevention and diagnosis of pneumoconiosis, pathogenesis research, and therapeutic intervention.

【Objective】 Dyslipidemia has shown to be associated with cardiovascular, metabolic and renal diseases. This study aimed to investigate the association between residual cholesterol and the risk of subclinical renal damage (SRD). 【Methods】 A total of 2 342 participants were recruited from the previously established Hanzhong Adolescent Hypertension Study cohort. According to estimated glomerular filtration rate(eGFR) and urinary albumin-to-creatine ratio(uACR), the subjects were divided into SRD group and non-SRD group. The associations of residual cholesterol with eGFR, uACR, and the risk of SRD were analyzed by multiple linear and Logistic regression analyses. 【Results】 Residual cholesterol was positively correlated with uACR(r=0.081, P<0.001) but negatively correlated with eGFR (r=-0.091, P<0.001). Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that residual cholesterol was an influencing factor of uACR (β=0.075, P<0.001) and eGFR (β=-0.027, P<0.001) after adjustment for gender, age, smoke, alcohol, exercise, BMI, hypertension, diabetes and serum uric acid. In addition, Logistic regression analysis revealed that residual cholesterol was significantly associated with the risk of SRD independently of potential confounders [OR(95% CI)=1.387 (1.113-1.728), P<0.001]. Further subgroup analysis showed that residual cholesterol was significantly associated with the risk of SRD in women but not in men. 【Conclusion】 Residual cholesterol is a contributing factor in the risk of subclinical renal damage with gender-specific association.