Senile trichiasis is primarily manifested by eyelid laxity, decreased horizontal elasticity and tension of the eyelids, leading to friction between the eyelashes and the cornea, which subsequently causes corneal damage and vision decline. Surgical intervention remains the most effective therapeutic approach for senile trichiasis. This article elaborates on the epidemiological characteristics, pathological mechanisms, and clinical manifestations of senile trichiasis and systematically reviews the surgical treatment method for upper and lower eyelid trichiasis, including traditional surgical techniques and emerging minimally invasive procedures combined with personalized therapies. Through a literature review, the effectiveness and recurrence rates of surgical treatment are summarized, emphasizing the importance of preoperative assessment and individualized treatment. Additionally, strategies and recommendations for preventing senile trichiasis are proposed.

Objective:To investigate the clinical efficacy of the upper eyelid orbicularis oculi muscle bicuspid flap in the correction of excessive width deformities following incisional double eyelid blepharoplasty.Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on 30 female patients with excessive width deformities after incisional double eyelid surgery, treated at Sichuan Provincial People′s Hospital between June 2022 and June 2023. The patients′ ages ranged from 30 to 55 (43.1±6.9) years. All patients underwent primary correction using the upper eyelid orbicularis oculi muscle bicuspid flap technique. Preoperative incision lines were designed, and intraoperatively, previous adhesions were thoroughly released. Residual orbicularis oculi muscle was identified superficial to the orbital septum, and both superficial and deep surfaces of the muscle were dissected. The transitional zone between the orbicularis oculi and frontalis muscle was transversely transected deep to the orbital rim, while preserving the medial and lateral attachments of the orbicularis oculi to create a double-pedicle flap. After flap creation, it was repositioned inferiorly to the anterior surface of the tarsal plate along the incision line. This maneuver prevented direct adhesion between the skin and the levator palpebrae superioris muscle and established a tissue step-off, thereby forming a new, natural double eyelid fold. Outcomes were evaluated at 6 months postoperatively, including double eyelid width, fold morphology, scar appearance, complications, and patient satisfaction.Results:The postoperative double eyelid width was (1.9±0.4) mm, significantly reduced from the preoperative width of (5.7±0.9) mm ( P<0.001). The postoperative morphological score was (-0.1±0.6), significantly improved compared to the preoperative score of (-2.4±0.9) ( P<0.001). There was no statistically significant difference in scar scores before (1.7±1.3) and after (1.6±0.8) surgery ( P=0.459). Overall patient satisfaction was 90% (27/30). No major complications such as infection, upper eyelid hollowing, multiple folds, obvious scarring, significant hematoma, persistent bleeding, or lagophthalmos occurred; all patients achieved primary healing. Three patients exhibited mild bilateral asymmetry, and two reported a foreign body sensation in the eye. Conclusions:The upper eyelid orbicularis oculi muscle bicuspid flap is an effective technique for correcting excessive width deformities following incisional double eyelid surgery. It results in reduced eyelid width, natural fold formation, minimal complications, and high patient satisfaction.

Senile trichiasis is primarily manifested by eyelid laxity, decreased horizontal elasticity and tension of the eyelids, leading to friction between the eyelashes and the cornea, which subsequently causes corneal damage and vision decline. Surgical intervention remains the most effective therapeutic approach for senile trichiasis. This article elaborates on the epidemiological characteristics, pathological mechanisms, and clinical manifestations of senile trichiasis and systematically reviews the surgical treatment method for upper and lower eyelid trichiasis, including traditional surgical techniques and emerging minimally invasive procedures combined with personalized therapies. Through a literature review, the effectiveness and recurrence rates of surgical treatment are summarized, emphasizing the importance of preoperative assessment and individualized treatment. Additionally, strategies and recommendations for preventing senile trichiasis are proposed.

Objective:To investigate the clinical efficacy of the upper eyelid orbicularis oculi muscle bicuspid flap in the correction of excessive width deformities following incisional double eyelid blepharoplasty.Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on 30 female patients with excessive width deformities after incisional double eyelid surgery, treated at Sichuan Provincial People′s Hospital between June 2022 and June 2023. The patients′ ages ranged from 30 to 55 (43.1±6.9) years. All patients underwent primary correction using the upper eyelid orbicularis oculi muscle bicuspid flap technique. Preoperative incision lines were designed, and intraoperatively, previous adhesions were thoroughly released. Residual orbicularis oculi muscle was identified superficial to the orbital septum, and both superficial and deep surfaces of the muscle were dissected. The transitional zone between the orbicularis oculi and frontalis muscle was transversely transected deep to the orbital rim, while preserving the medial and lateral attachments of the orbicularis oculi to create a double-pedicle flap. After flap creation, it was repositioned inferiorly to the anterior surface of the tarsal plate along the incision line. This maneuver prevented direct adhesion between the skin and the levator palpebrae superioris muscle and established a tissue step-off, thereby forming a new, natural double eyelid fold. Outcomes were evaluated at 6 months postoperatively, including double eyelid width, fold morphology, scar appearance, complications, and patient satisfaction.Results:The postoperative double eyelid width was (1.9±0.4) mm, significantly reduced from the preoperative width of (5.7±0.9) mm ( P<0.001). The postoperative morphological score was (-0.1±0.6), significantly improved compared to the preoperative score of (-2.4±0.9) ( P<0.001). There was no statistically significant difference in scar scores before (1.7±1.3) and after (1.6±0.8) surgery ( P=0.459). Overall patient satisfaction was 90% (27/30). No major complications such as infection, upper eyelid hollowing, multiple folds, obvious scarring, significant hematoma, persistent bleeding, or lagophthalmos occurred; all patients achieved primary healing. Three patients exhibited mild bilateral asymmetry, and two reported a foreign body sensation in the eye. Conclusions:The upper eyelid orbicularis oculi muscle bicuspid flap is an effective technique for correcting excessive width deformities following incisional double eyelid surgery. It results in reduced eyelid width, natural fold formation, minimal complications, and high patient satisfaction.

Senile trichiasis is primarily manifested by eyelid laxity, decreased horizontal elasticity and tension of the eyelids, leading to friction between the eyelashes and the cornea, which subsequently causes corneal damage and vision decline. Surgical treatment is currently the best solution for senile trichiasis. This article elaborates on the epidemiological characteristics, pathological mechanisms, and clinical manifestations of senile trichiasis and systematically reviews the surgical treatment method for upper and lower eyelid trichiasis, including traditional surgical techniques and emerging minimally invasive combined with personalized therapies. Through a literature review, the effectiveness and recurrence rates of surgical treatment are summarized, emphasizing the importance of preoperative assessment and individualized treatment. Additionally, strategies and recommendations for preventing senile trichiasis are proposed.

Senile trichiasis is primarily manifested by eyelid laxity, decreased horizontal elasticity and tension of the eyelids, leading to friction between the eyelashes and the cornea, which subsequently causes corneal damage and vision decline. Surgical treatment is currently the best solution for senile trichiasis. This article elaborates on the epidemiological characteristics, pathological mechanisms, and clinical manifestations of senile trichiasis and systematically reviews the surgical treatment method for upper and lower eyelid trichiasis, including traditional surgical techniques and emerging minimally invasive combined with personalized therapies. Through a literature review, the effectiveness and recurrence rates of surgical treatment are summarized, emphasizing the importance of preoperative assessment and individualized treatment. Additionally, strategies and recommendations for preventing senile trichiasis are proposed.

Objective:To analyze measurement results of serum allergen-specific immunoglobulin E (IgE) in patients with eczema/dermatitis.Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on serum allergen-specific immunoglobulin E (IgE) levels in 3 051 patients with eczema/dermatitis, who visited the allergy clinic of Huashan Hospital from April 1, 2021 to March 31, 2022. The serum allergen-specific IgE level was detected by using the Phadia allergen detection system, and positive rates of allergens were calculated to determine common inhaled allergens and food allergens in patients with eczema/dermatitis. Comparisons of enumeration data between groups were performed by chi-square test.Results:Among the 3 051 patients with eczema/dermatitis, there were 1 412 with atopic dermatitis and 1 639 were other eczema/dermatitis. Detection of serum allergen-specific IgE showed that 1 629 (53%) patients were positive for allergens, and the number of positive allergen-specific IgEs in each patient was 3.0 ± 1.6. The top 3 common inhaled allergens in patients with eczema/dermatitis were Dermatophagoides farinae (904/1 522, 59%) , Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (891/1 513, 59%) and Alternaria alternata (206/1 068, 19%) , and the top 3 common food allergens were shrimps (251/1 432, 18%) , egg white (165/992, 17%) and cow milk (149/994, 15%) . Among the 3 051 patients, 25 (1%) were aged < 2 years, 571 (19%) aged 2 - 12 years, 285 (9%) aged 12 - 18 years, and 2 170 (71%) were aged > 18 years. The most common food allergens were both egg white in the age groups of < 2 years and 2 -12 years (77%, 37%, respectively) , and were both shrimps in the age groups of 12 - 18 years and > 18 years (31%, 17%, respectively) . Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus and Dermatophagoides farina were the top 2 common inhaled allergens in all age groups, with the positive rate ranging from 36% to 84%; in addition, the positive rate of molds was relatively high in the age group of 2 - 12 years (mold mixture: 37%; Alternaria alternata: 27%) . From April 2021 to March 2022, the positive rate of outdoor allergens ranged from 10% to 15% among outpatients in every month; the positive rates of tree pollen and grass pollen increased from April 2021, and peaked in October 2021. The patients with atopic dermatitis showed a significantly increased positive rate of allergens (73%) compared with those with other eczema/dermatitis (37%, χ2 = 389.36, P<0.001) , and the rank of common allergens in the patients with atopic dermatitis was basically the same as that in those with eczema/dermatitis. Conclusions:The common allergens were Dermatophagoides farina, Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus and Alternaria alternata in the patients with eczema/dermatitis. Food allergy was more common in infant patients, and inhalation allergy was more common in child, adolescent and adult patients. The positive rate of allergen-specific IgEs was markedly higher in the patients with atopic dermatitis than in those with other eczema/dermatitis.

Objective To explore the value of ultrasound elastography in the non-invasive monitoring of liver elasticity of stable recipients at different stages after liver transplantation. Methods Clinical data of 73 stable recipients after liver transplantation were collected. According to the time after liver transplantation, all patients were divided into the early group (n=25) and medium-to-long group (n=48). In addition, 38 healthy subjects were assigned into the control group. The ultrasound indexes and liver function indexes were statistically compared among each group. The ultrasound elastography indexes of liver and spleen were analyzed, and their correlation with liver function indexes was analyzed. Results Compared with the control group, the ultrasound indexes, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), γ-glutamyl transferase (GGT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) levels were significantly increased in the early group (all P < 0.05), and the ultrasound indexes in the medium-to-long group were significantly increased, whereas the GGT level was significantly decreased (all P < 0.05). Compared with the early group, the right oblique diameter of liver, ALT, GGT and ALP levels were significantly decreased in the medium-to-long group (all P < 0.05). Compared with the control group, the sound touch elastography (STE) and sound touch quantify (STQ) values of liver and STE value of spleen in the early group and medium-to-long group were significantly increased (all P < 0.05). Compared with the early group, the ultrasound elastography indexes of liver and spleen in the medium-to-long group were remarkably decreased (all P < 0.05). The ultrasound elastography indexes of liver were weakly correlated with the ALT, aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and GGT levels, significantly correlated with ALP level. The STE value of spleen was weakly correlated with the ALP level. The STE value of liver was significantly correlated with the STQ value of liver. The STE and STQ values of liver were weakly correlated with the STE value of spleen. Conclusions The characteristics of liver elasticity in stable recipients after liver transplantation are various among different stages. Persistent monitoring of liver elasticity may provide a novelnon-invasive monitoring method during follow-up after liver transplantation.

Objective:To systematically evaluate the efficacy of epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR-TKI) combined with radiotherapy in the treatment of lung adenocarcinoma with central nervous system (CNS) metastasis.Methods:PubMed, EMBASE, Medline, Cochrane Library, clinical trials and other databases were searched to collect the clinical control studies of EGFR-TKI combined with radiotherapy versus EGFR-TKI or radiotherapy alone in the treatment of lung adenocarcinoma with CNS metastasis published at home and abroad from January 2012 to April 2019. After evaluating the data, Revman 5.3 software was used for meta-analysis.Results:10 studies involving 1 379 participants were included. The results indicated that compared with EGFR-TKI or radiotherapy alone, EGFR-TKI plus radiotherapy had a significant benefit on overall response rate (ORR) [ OR: 3.81, 95% CI(1.73, 8.39); P<0.01], overall survival (OS) [ HR: 0.60, 95% CI(0.41, 0.89); P=0.01], neurological progression free survival (nPFS) [ HR: 0.65, 95% CI(0.46, 0.91); P=0.01] compared with EGFR-TKI or radiotherapy alone. Conclusions:EGFR-TKI plus radiotherapy had better ORR, OS, nPFS compared with TKI or radiotherapy alone.

Ischemic stroke is a severe disorder resulting from acute cerebral thrombosis. Here we demonstrated that post-ischemic treatment with ciclopirox olamine (CPX), a potent antifungal clinical drug, alleviated brain infarction, neurological deficits and brain edema in a classic rat model of ischemic stroke. Single dose post-ischemic administration of CPX provided a long-lasting neuroprotective effect, which can be further enhanced by multiple doses administration of CPX. CPX also effectively reversed ischemia-induced neuronal loss, glial activation as well as blood-brain barrier (BBB) damage. Employing quantitative phosphoproteomic analysis, 130 phosphosites in 122 proteins were identified to be significantly regulated by CPX treatment in oxygen glucose deprivation (OGD)-exposed SH-SY5Y cells, which revealed that phosphokinases and cell cycle-related phosphoproteins were largely influenced. Subsequently, we demonstrated that CPX markedly enhanced the AKT (protein kinase B, PKB/AKT) and GSK3 (glycogen synthase kinase 3) phosphorylation in OGD-exposed SH-SY5Y cells, and regulated the cell cycle progression and nitric oxide (NO) release in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced BV-2 cells, which may contribute to its ameliorative effects against ischemia-associated neuronal death and microglial inflammation. Our study suggests that CPX could be a promising compound to reduce multiple ischemic injuries; however, further studies will be needed to clarify the molecular mechanisms involved.