Humanistic caring for patients in the operating room refers to providing the whole process of caring medical services for patients in the operating room. In order to standardize humanistic caring services for patients in the operating room of medical institutions, improve the comprehensive service level of the operating room, and enhance the surgical experience of patients, the Chinese Association for Life Care released the group standard " Humanistic Caring Management Standards for Patients in the Operating Room" in December 2023. This article interpreted the basic requirements for humanistic caring of patients in the operating room, the environment and facilities for humanistic caring, the procedures and measures for humanistic caring, and the quality management framework, aiming to assist administrators and clinical practitioners across various levels of medical institutions in accurately understanding and effectively implementing the standard, and to provide essential textual reference and practical guidance for promoting the application of the standard.

Objective To quantitatively assess the association of short-term exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5) with residents mortality. Methods A time-stratified case-crossover study was conducted from 2020 to 2022 among 10606 non-accidental residents by using the Guangzhou Cause of Death Surveillance System in Conghua District, Guangzhou. Exposure levels of PAHs in PM_2.5 and meteorological data during the study period were obtained from the Center for Disease Control and Prevention in Conghua District and the China Meteorological Administration Land Data Assimilation System (CLDAS-V2.0), respectively. Conditional Poisson regression model was used to estimate the exposure-response association between PAHs and the mortality risk. Results Fluoranthene, chrysene, benzo[k]fluoranthene, benzo[a]pyrene, and indeno[1,2,3-cd]pyrene were significantly associated with an increased risk of mortality. For every one interquartile range increase in exposure levels, the non-accidental mortality risks increased by 8.33% (95% CI: 1.80%, 15.27%), 4.67% (95% CI: 1.86%, 7.57%), 6.07% (95% CI: 2.08%, 10.21%), 4.62% (95% CI: 1.85%, 7.47%), and 4.70% (95% CI: 0.53%, 9.03%), respectively. The estimated non accidental deaths attributable to exposure to fluoranthene, chrysene, benzo[k]fluorine, benzo[a]pyrene and indine[1,2,3-cd]pyrene were 5.91%, 6.08%, 6.51%, 6.46%, and 4.21%, respectively. Conclusions Short-term exposure to PAHs in PM_2.5, including fluoranthene, chrysene, benzo[k]fluoranthene, benzo[a]pyrene and indine[1,2,3-cd]pyrene, was significantly associated with an increased risk of mortality among residents.

Humanistic caring for patients in the operating room refers to providing the whole process of caring medical services for patients in the operating room. In order to standardize humanistic caring services for patients in the operating room of medical institutions, improve the comprehensive service level of the operating room, and enhance the surgical experience of patients, the Chinese Association for Life Care released the group standard " Humanistic Caring Management Standards for Patients in the Operating Room" in December 2023. This article interpreted the basic requirements for humanistic caring of patients in the operating room, the environment and facilities for humanistic caring, the procedures and measures for humanistic caring, and the quality management framework, aiming to assist administrators and clinical practitioners across various levels of medical institutions in accurately understanding and effectively implementing the standard, and to provide essential textual reference and practical guidance for promoting the application of the standard.

OBJECTIVE To systematically evaluate the incidence of anti-tuberculosis drug-induced liver injury(ATB-DILI)and its risk factors.METHODS PubMed,Embase,the Cochrane Library,Web of Science,China Knowledge Network,VIP,Wanfang data and China Biomedical Literature Database were searched to collect cohort studies and case-control studies on the incidence and risk factors of ATB-DILI from the establishment of the database to 31 May 2024.After screening literature,extracting data and evaluating the quality of literature,meta-analysis was performed using Stata 17.0 and RevMan 5.3 software.RESULTS A total of 26 literature involving 38 971 patients were included,of which 4 106 patients suffered from ATB-DILI.Meta-analysis showed that the incidence of ATB-DILI was 12.94％[95％CI(10.82％,15.06％),P＜0.001];subgroup analysis showed that the incidence of ATB-DILI in cohort studies,Chinese studies and pediatric patients was higher(P＜0.001).Age≥60 years,abnormal body mass index,alcoholism,smoking,history of liver disease,hepatitis B surface antigen positivity,extrapulmonary tuberculosis,malnutrition,hypoproteinemia,cardiovascular disease,diabetes mellitus,systemic lupus erythematosus,no prophylactic use of hepatoprotective drugs,and high baseline alanine transaminase levels were risk factors for developing ATB-DILI(P＜0.05).Sensitivity analysis and publication bias analysis showed that the results obtained in this study were relatively robust.CONCLUSIONS The incidence of ATB-DILI in tuberculosis patients is 12.94％.Age≥60 years,abnormal body mass index,alcoholism,smoking,history of liver disease,hepatitis B surface antigen positivity,extrapulmonary tuberculosis,malnutrition,hypoproteinaemia,cardiovascular disease,diabetes mellitus,systemic lupus erythematosus,non-prophy lactic use of hepatoprotective medications,and high baseline levels of alanine transaminase are the risk factors for developing ATB-DILI.

Accurate and rapid diagnosis of infectious diseases can effectively prevent their spread and promptly curb the epidemic hazards. Multiplexed point-of-care testing (x-POCT) technology can effectively avoid misdiagnosis caused by the detection of one single target and achieve rapid screening and timely control of multiple infectious diseases. Research progress and the latest applications of x-POCT including x-POCT assay methods for different targets in the diagnosis of infectious diseases and their pathogens are summarized in this review. The paper-based, microfluidic chip-based, and microdroplet-based device platforms of x-POCT, and eventually the challenges and future perspectives of x-POCT, especially progress on the effective infectious disease surveillance network establishment under One Health concept are highlighted.

A survey on professional knowledge levels was conducted from April to October 2019 among 388 general practitioners (GPs) from 46 community health service centers and 30 township health centers of 6 provinces selected by stratified random sampling method. The overall knowledge test score was 31.82—84.09(56.94±9.19) points, and the pass rate was 36.3% (141/388). There were significant differences in test scores among participants with different types of work units, regions, provinces, marital status, educational background, professional titles, types of employment, length of service, and training status (all P<0.05). Multivariate regression analysis showed that educational background ( B=-2.835), professional title ( B=-8.867), and participation in professional course training ( B=2.214) were the influencing factors of knowledge level (all P<0.05). The pass rates in knowledge of prevention/health management (13.7%, 53/388) and policies and regulations (12.1%, 47/388) were low. The results show that the levels of professional knowledge among GPs working in grassroots health institutions are relatively low, and suggest that continuing education should be strengthened to improve the professional knowledge level of GPs in primary care institutions, particularly, knowledge of health policies and regulations, disease prevention and health management.

Objective:To explore the application effect of multidisciplinary teamwork mode in patients with laparoscopic partial nephrectomy of renal carcinoma.Methods:A total of 86 patients with renal cancer who received laparoscopic partial nephrectomy in Ningbo First Hospital of Zhejiang Province from February to December 2019 were selected by the convenient sampling method. According to admission time, the patients were divided into the control group and the observation group, with 43 cases in each group. The control group implemented urological nursing routines and various measures recommended in the accelerated rehabilitation surgery guidelines, while the observation group adopted a multidisciplinary team collaboration model based on evidence-based nursing on the basis of the control group. The Kolcaba General Comfort Questionnaire (GCQ) and Numerical Pain Rating Scale (NPRS) were used to evaluate the comfort and low back pain of the two groups at 1, 3, and 5 days after surgery. Hamilton Anxiety Scale was used to evaluate anxiety of patients in both groups 5 days after surgery, and postoperative rehabilitation indicators (postoperative supine position time, absolute bed time, anal exhaust time, drainage tube indwelling time, postoperative hospital stay) were collected in both groups.Results:The total score of GCQ of observation group was higher than that of control group on 1, 3, and 5 days after operation, and lower back pain score was lower than that of control group. The postoperative anxiety score, postoperative supine position time, absolute bed time, anal exhaust time, drainage tube indwelling time and postoperative hospitalization days in the observation group were lower than those in the control group. There were statistically significant differences between the two groups ( P< 0.05) . There was no postoperative bleeding or deep venous thrombosis (DVT) in the lower limbs of patients of the two groups. Conclusions:The multidisciplinary teamwork model can alleviate the postoperative anxiety of patients with partial nephrectomy, improve their overall comfort, shorten the postoperative hospital stay and promote postoperative recovery.

Objective: To explore the effect of Teach-back health education model on health education for patients after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Methods: Eighty patients after PCI operation in cardiology were selected, 40 patients selected from February to March as control group and 40 patients selected from April to May as observation group according to the time of admission in 2018. The control group used the routine health education method, based on this, the observation group used the "Teach-back" health education model to healthy educate patients. Three months after the intervention, the results of body mass index (BMI), triglycerides, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, Seattle angina questionnaire (SAQ), and Morisky questionnaire were evaluated. Results: After 3 months of intervention, the triglyceride, total cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein in the observation group were (1.35±0.43), (3.99±0.57), and (2.32±0.24) mmol/L, which were lower than the control group (1.63±0.38), (4.31±0.73), (2.61±0.28) mmol/L, the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (t=3.082, 2.717, 5.048, P<0.01 or 0.05). After 3 months of intervention, evaluate the SAQ score of the observation group, the degree of physical limitation, the stability of angina pectoris, the degree of angina pectoris, the satisfaction of treatment, and the disease cognition were respectively (76.16±5.03), (88.75±14.92), and (84.25±12.17), (84.76±5.11), (82.79±9.64) points, which were higher than the control group (68.94±9.80), (80.63±17.44), (76.25±12.34), (70.80±7.00), (70.50±13.85) points, the differences were statistically significant (t=-4.145, Z=-5.848--2.166, P < 0.05). After 3 months of intervention, the Morisky questionnaires of the observation group and the control group were (2.43±0.78) and (3.80±0.41) points, and the difference was statistically significant (Z=-6.848, P<0.05). Conclusion The application of Teach-back health education model to patients after PCI has a good effect.

Objective: To analyze the diagnostic value of ultrasound guided 14 gauge coreneedle biopsy (US-CNB) in breast nodules. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the pathological results of US-CNB and surgical excision from 373 breast nodules in Peking University International Hospital from Sep 2016 to Nov 2018 to evaluate the accuracy of 14g US-CNB. Results: A total of 349 patients(373 nodules)underwent US-CNB. US-CNB reported 282 benign lesions(75.6%, 282/373), 20 high-risklesions(5.4%, 20/373), and 71 malignant lesions(19.0%, 71/373). For 282 CNB reported benign lesions, the surgical pathology confirmed 235 lesions , 46 for high-risk lesions and 1 for malignant lesion with a concordancy of 83.3%(235/282)and the underestimation rate was 16.7%(47/282). US-CNB identified 20 high-risk lesions. According to surgical results, 15 were high-risk lesions and 5 were malignant lesions with a concordancy of 75% (15/20)and the underestimation rate was 25%(5/20). When it comes to malignant lesions, the excision results showed that 70 were malignant lesions and 1was high-risk lesion with a concordancy of 98.6%(70/71)and the overestimation rate was 1.4%(1/71). The concordance of the histological type , calculated for 50 invasive carcinomas, was 92% (46/50) with a kappa value of 0.77.The concordance of the histological grade could be calculated for 38 invasive ductal carcinomas with the Elston-Elllis Method . It was 89.5% (34/38) with a kappa value of 0.57. Conclusions The pathology result of 14gUS-CNB is in good consistency with surgical excision for breast benign and malignant lesions.

Objective:To explore the changes of orthodontic therapy with tooth extraction on frontal view of facial soft tissue in adult females with Class Ⅱ division 1 malocclusion.Methods:Frontal view of facial soft tissue aesthetic charaeteristics of 30 with and 21 without tooth extraction adult females with Class Ⅱ division 1 malocclusion were measured with direct anthropometry before and after orthodontic treatment.Results:After the extraction treatment,the distance of N-Me,Sn-Me,Sn-UL,LL-Sm,Sto-Me,Ch-Ch in-creased(P <0.05),while UL-LL decreased(P <0.05).But Zy-Zy,Go-Go had no significant change(P >0.05).There was no sig-nificant change in each parameter in nonextraction group(P >0.05).Between the 2 groups Sn-UL,LL-Sm and UL-LL showed differ-ence(P <0.05),but other parameters showed no difference(P >0.05).Conclusion:Orthodontic treatment with tooth for the fe-males with Class Ⅱ division 1 malocclusion can improve the incompetent lips,and recover the coordination between the upper and lower lips.There is little change on facial height and width.